{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2752680588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aim.2017.8014015","title":"Automatic inspection of railway carbon strips based on multi-modal visual information","display_name":"Automatic inspection of railway carbon strips based on multi-modal visual information","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2752680588","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aim.2017.8014015","mag":"2752680588"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/aim.2017.8014015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aim.2017.8014015","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045476290","display_name":"Erika Di Stefano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erika Di Stefano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, PERCeptual RObotics Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, PERCeptual RObotics Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086535808","display_name":"Carlo Alberto Avizzano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5802-541X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlo Alberto Avizzano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, PERCeptual RObotics Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, PERCeptual RObotics Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057697306","display_name":"Massimo Bergamasco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7418-2332"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimo Bergamasco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, PERCeptual RObotics Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, PERCeptual RObotics Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021055221","display_name":"P. Masini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117345","display_name":"Trenitalia (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/02c4sht73","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117345"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Masini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trenitalia S.p.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trenitalia S.p.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016623521","display_name":"Mauro Menci","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117345","display_name":"Trenitalia (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/02c4sht73","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117345"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauro Menci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trenitalia S.p.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trenitalia S.p.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117345"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052848066","display_name":"Davide Russo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8000-0147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117345","display_name":"Trenitalia (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/02c4sht73","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117345"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Russo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trenitalia S.p.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trenitalia S.p.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117345"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.988,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74485796,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"178","last_page":"184"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13049","display_name":"Surface Roughness and Optical Measurements","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strips","display_name":"STRIPS","score":0.9012434482574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pantograph","display_name":"Pantograph","score":0.8973847031593323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catenary","display_name":"Catenary","score":0.8744854927062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-inspection","display_name":"Visual inspection","score":0.7249887585639954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/train","display_name":"Train","score":0.6149449348449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5143307447433472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.49555742740631104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-contacts","display_name":"Electrical contacts","score":0.4952947199344635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-x-ray-inspection","display_name":"Automated X-ray inspection","score":0.4376223683357239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal","display_name":"Modal","score":0.43308213353157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.37711089849472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3630278706550598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.3507266640663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3164503574371338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.24874088168144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.21129760146141052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.19264745712280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.14124557375907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1288292407989502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.0860598087310791}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200925200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7624170","display_name":"STRIPS","level":2,"score":0.9012434482574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20756127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722757","display_name":"Pantograph","level":2,"score":0.8973847031593323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29279314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214561","display_name":"Catenary","level":2,"score":0.8744854927062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168820333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448889","display_name":"Visual inspection","level":2,"score":0.7249887585639954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190839683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2448197","display_name":"Train","level":2,"score":0.6149449348449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5143307447433472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.49555742740631104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132235601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q394001","display_name":"Electrical contacts","level":2,"score":0.4952947199344635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146920229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2278114","display_name":"Automated X-ray inspection","level":4,"score":0.4376223683357239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.43308213353157043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.37711089849472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3630278706550598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3507266640663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3164503574371338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.24874088168144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.21129760146141052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19264745712280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.14124557375907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1288292407989502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0860598087310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/aim.2017.8014015","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aim.2017.8014015","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.iris.sssup.it:11382/516745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11382/516745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196376","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","host_organization_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W574370508","https://openalex.org/W1579871682","https://openalex.org/W1598904332","https://openalex.org/W1973812878","https://openalex.org/W1987028625","https://openalex.org/W2053384708","https://openalex.org/W2098212362","https://openalex.org/W2120617193","https://openalex.org/W2141966243","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2204786716","https://openalex.org/W2318652777","https://openalex.org/W2528296119","https://openalex.org/W2535776261","https://openalex.org/W2555344168","https://openalex.org/W2579158383","https://openalex.org/W3100816363","https://openalex.org/W6634515916","https://openalex.org/W6728938042","https://openalex.org/W6730032028"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2352865025","https://openalex.org/W2939045761","https://openalex.org/W2355211658","https://openalex.org/W2067167195","https://openalex.org/W2057969614","https://openalex.org/W2361809279","https://openalex.org/W2670755988","https://openalex.org/W2387550916","https://openalex.org/W2389297227","https://openalex.org/W2760523840"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electric":[0],"rail":[1],"vehicles":[2],"are":[3,22],"driven":[4],"by":[5,37],"the":[6,10,14,35,49,52,67,100,104,123,133,141,159,170,173,176,180],"current":[7,26],"collected":[8],"from":[9],"electrical":[11],"lines":[12],"of":[13,39,42,83,103,152,172],"railway":[15,105],"catenary":[16,70],"system.":[17],"For":[18,138],"this":[19,73],"purpose,":[20],"trains":[21],"equipped":[23],"with":[24,34,179],"a":[25,40,84,89,110],"collector":[27],"(the":[28],"pantograph)":[29],"that":[30,60],"comes":[31],"in":[32,162],"contact":[33,106],"wires":[36,50],"means":[38],"pair":[41],"carbon":[43,53,124],"strips.":[44],"The":[45,115],"sliding":[46],"movement":[47],"along":[48],"subjects":[51],"strips":[54,107,125],"to":[55,65,97,109,157],"wear":[56,153],"and":[57,69,88,119,126,135,146,164],"damage":[58],"so":[59],"frequent":[61],"inspection":[62,80,163],"is":[63,95],"essential":[64],"ensure":[66],"train":[68],"safety.":[71],"In":[72],"paper":[74],"we":[75],"describe":[76],"an":[77,144],"automatic":[78],"visual":[79],"system,":[81,174],"made":[82],"3D":[85,134],"laser":[86],"scanner":[87],"2D":[90,136],"high":[91],"resolution":[92],"camera,":[93],"which":[94],"able":[96],"automatically":[98],"determine":[99],"health":[101],"state":[102],"thanks":[108],"sophisticated":[111],"data":[112],"processing":[113],"tool.":[114],"system":[116,142],"collects":[117],"color":[118],"geometrics":[120],"information":[121],"on":[122,132],"performs":[127],"several":[128],"automated":[129,181],"assessments":[130],"both":[131],"data.":[137],"each":[139],"test,":[140],"provides":[143],"index":[145],"decides":[147],"between":[148],"three":[149],"different":[150],"levels":[151],"(low,":[154],"medium,":[155],"high)":[156],"support":[158],"human":[160,177],"operator":[161],"maintenance":[165],"decisions.":[166],"Experimental":[167],"results":[168],"reveal":[169],"effectiveness":[171],"comparing":[175],"judgment":[178],"analysis.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
