{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4393656232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa59173.2023.10479312","title":"Anomaly Behavior Analysis of Smart Water Treatment Facility Service: Design, Analysis, and Evaluation","display_name":"Anomaly Behavior Analysis of Smart Water Treatment Facility Service: Design, Analysis, and Evaluation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4393656232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa59173.2023.10479312"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/aiccsa59173.2023.10479312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa59173.2023.10479312","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 20th ACS/IEEE International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081355750","display_name":"Ibrahim Almazyad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Almazyad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Tucson,AZ,USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Tucson,AZ,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052686108","display_name":"Sicong Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1205-3890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24571045","display_name":"University of North Dakota","ror":"https://ror.org/04a5szx83","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sicong Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Dakota,School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Grand Forks,ND,USA","School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Dakota,School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Grand Forks,ND,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24571045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057335897","display_name":"Salim Hariri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3956-3401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salim Hariri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Tucson,AZ,USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Tucson,AZ,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079318114","display_name":"Hisham A. Kholidy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7673-5850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90965887","display_name":"SUNY Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/000fxgx19","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90965887"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hisham A. Kholidy","raw_affiliation_strings":["SUNY Polytechnic Institute,Department of Networks and Computer Security,Utica,NY,USA","Department of Networks and Computer Security, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Utica, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SUNY Polytechnic Institute,Department of Networks and Computer Security,Utica,NY,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90965887"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Networks and Computer Security, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Utica, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90965887"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12451","display_name":"Smart Grid and Power Systems","score":0.40130001306533813,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12451","display_name":"Smart Grid and Power Systems","score":0.40130001306533813,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14470","display_name":"Advanced Data Processing Techniques","score":0.3930000066757202,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.3625999987125397,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5073148608207703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.48539435863494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.11463779211044312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5073148608207703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.48539435863494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.11463779211044312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/aiccsa59173.2023.10479312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa59173.2023.10479312","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 20th ACS/IEEE International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/03sk1we31"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42722137","https://openalex.org/W2768947629","https://openalex.org/W2785258965","https://openalex.org/W2807219356","https://openalex.org/W3011853793","https://openalex.org/W3088971638","https://openalex.org/W3096196631","https://openalex.org/W3097615084","https://openalex.org/W3099321002","https://openalex.org/W3114378810","https://openalex.org/W3186410150","https://openalex.org/W3197944870","https://openalex.org/W3212371153","https://openalex.org/W4210481850","https://openalex.org/W4301438024","https://openalex.org/W4317600302","https://openalex.org/W4317600352","https://openalex.org/W4319083919","https://openalex.org/W4378800853","https://openalex.org/W7029947813"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"current":[1],"trends":[2],"toward":[3],"the":[4,27,92],"design":[5],"and":[6,18,39,48,66,109,139,161,169],"deployment":[7],"of":[8,29,42,62,88],"smart":[9,37,70,96,116,144],"city":[10,71,97],"services,":[11,14,98],"including":[12],"water":[13,145,157],"improve":[15],"quality,":[16],"reliability":[17],"reduce":[19],"operational":[20],"costs.":[21],"These":[22],"advancements":[23],"have":[24],"led":[25],"to":[26,32,82,103,114,134,142],"proliferation":[28],"ubiquitous":[30],"connectivity":[31],"critical":[33,117],"infrastructures.":[34],"However,":[35],"although":[36],"sensors":[38],"Industrial":[40],"Internet":[41],"Things":[43],"(IIoTs)":[44],"expedites":[45],"rigorous":[46],"monitoring":[47],"control,":[49],"they":[50],"exponentially":[51],"increase":[52],"vulnerabilities":[53],"that":[54,147],"can":[55,80,148],"be":[56],"exploited":[57],"by":[58],"cyberattacks.":[59,150],"Therefore,":[60],"development":[61],"advanced":[63],"cybersecurity":[64,93,138],"tools":[65],"resilience":[67],"methods":[68],"for":[69,156],"services":[72,79,146],"are":[73],"critically":[74],"important":[75],"because":[76],"compromising":[77],"these":[78],"lead":[81],"disasters,":[83],"accidents":[84],"or":[85],"even":[86],"loss":[87],"life.":[89],"To":[90],"address":[91],"challenges":[94],"facing":[95],"researchers":[99],"need":[100],"realistic":[101],"testbeds":[102],"perform":[104],"experiments,":[105],"collect":[106],"real-time":[107],"data,":[108],"evaluate":[110],"different":[111],"security":[112],"algorithms":[113,141],"protect":[115],"infrastructure":[118],"services.":[119],"This":[120],"paper":[121],"presents":[122],"a":[123,129,166,170],"Water":[124],"Treatment":[125],"Facility":[126],"Testbed":[127],"(WTFT),":[128],"Cyber-Physical":[130],"System":[131],"(CPS)":[132],"developed":[133],"enable":[135],"experimentation":[136],"with":[137,173],"resilient":[140],"deliver":[143],"tolerate":[149],"Furthermore,":[151],"an":[152,174],"anomaly-based":[153],"detection":[154,176],"unit":[155],"quality":[158],"is":[159],"implemented":[160],"our":[162],"experimental":[163],"results":[164],"show":[165],"96.8%":[167],"F1-score,":[168],"98.3%":[171],"accuracy":[172],"attack":[175],"latency":[177],"under":[178],"two":[179],"seconds.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
