{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3012166992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa47632.2019.9035342","title":"The Impact of SMOTE and Grid Search on Maintainability Prediction Models","display_name":"The Impact of SMOTE and Grid Search on Maintainability Prediction Models","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3012166992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa47632.2019.9035342","mag":"3012166992"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/aiccsa47632.2019.9035342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa47632.2019.9035342","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE/ACS 16th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005340179","display_name":"Sara Elmidaoui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126477371","display_name":"Mohammed V University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elmidaoui Sara","raw_affiliation_strings":["ENSIAS, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENSIAS, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001183946","display_name":"Laila Cheikhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1574-2499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126477371","display_name":"Mohammed V University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheikhi Laila","raw_affiliation_strings":["ENSIAS, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENSIAS, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Idri Ali","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126477371","display_name":"Mohammed V University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Idri Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["ENSIAS, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENSIAS, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005340179"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0569,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85125277,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7822277545928955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintainability","display_name":"Maintainability","score":0.7511828541755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.6950812339782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6785587072372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","score":0.6464711427688599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.610039472579956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5949394702911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5502097010612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter-optimization","display_name":"Hyperparameter optimization","score":0.5441625118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.5429875254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5260812044143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptron","display_name":"Perceptron","score":0.5021109580993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4905094504356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4450572431087494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32076582312583923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.21689531207084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11378106474876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.09723201394081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07584589719772339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7822277545928955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160713754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1389965","display_name":"Maintainability","level":2,"score":0.7511828541755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.6950812339782715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6785587072372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179717631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991667","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","level":3,"score":0.6464711427688599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.610039472579956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5949394702911377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5502097010612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10485038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48996162","display_name":"Hyperparameter optimization","level":3,"score":0.5441625118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.5429875254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5260812044143677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.5021109580993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4905094504356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4450572431087494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32076582312583923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.21689531207084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11378106474876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.09723201394081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07584589719772339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/aiccsa47632.2019.9035342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa47632.2019.9035342","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE/ACS 16th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W150336312","https://openalex.org/W203932818","https://openalex.org/W349770100","https://openalex.org/W964460774","https://openalex.org/W1594031697","https://openalex.org/W1661924774","https://openalex.org/W1680392829","https://openalex.org/W1785944873","https://openalex.org/W1953529280","https://openalex.org/W1964962870","https://openalex.org/W1968114652","https://openalex.org/W1985258161","https://openalex.org/W1994493193","https://openalex.org/W2002964284","https://openalex.org/W2009786711","https://openalex.org/W2025700486","https://openalex.org/W2068816944","https://openalex.org/W2081480383","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2104225459","https://openalex.org/W2105776892","https://openalex.org/W2124776405","https://openalex.org/W2127623179","https://openalex.org/W2130969369","https://openalex.org/W2132887549","https://openalex.org/W2138661194","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2158864412","https://openalex.org/W2167363007","https://openalex.org/W2330210193","https://openalex.org/W2330820318","https://openalex.org/W2362712727","https://openalex.org/W2559183176","https://openalex.org/W2622250949","https://openalex.org/W2747418912","https://openalex.org/W2768567424","https://openalex.org/W2772402907","https://openalex.org/W2776305019","https://openalex.org/W2778748349","https://openalex.org/W2787986668","https://openalex.org/W4236586490","https://openalex.org/W6637386731","https://openalex.org/W6640768872","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6731000344","https://openalex.org/W6743205788","https://openalex.org/W6747072514","https://openalex.org/W6843735874"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1663203009","https://openalex.org/W2249362929","https://openalex.org/W2076543106","https://openalex.org/W2523437662","https://openalex.org/W89844371","https://openalex.org/W2019891950","https://openalex.org/W2085842814","https://openalex.org/W4286643620","https://openalex.org/W4387048144","https://openalex.org/W2492135063"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"maintainability":[1],"has":[2],"gained":[3],"more":[4],"attention":[5],"in":[6,28,68,103,117],"recent":[7],"years.":[8],"It":[9],"can":[10,19],"be":[11,20],"defined":[12],"as":[13],"the":[14,29,74,99,121],"ease":[15],"with":[16],"which":[17],"modifications":[18],"performed.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23,69],"study,":[24],"we":[25,107],"are":[26,115],"interested":[27],"changes":[30],"of":[31,76,124],"a":[32],"class":[33],"due":[34],"to":[35,72,84,119],"bug":[36],"fixing.":[37],"We":[38],"performed":[39],"an":[40],"experimental":[41],"study":[42,70],"using":[43,87],"five":[44],"Machine":[45,53],"learning":[46],"techniques;":[47],"K-Nearest":[48],"Neighbor":[49],"(KNN),":[50],"Support":[51],"Vector":[52],"(SVM),":[54],"Decision":[55],"Trees":[56],"(DT),":[57],"Multilayer":[58],"Perceptron":[59],"(MLP),":[60],"and":[61,83,112],"Na\u00efve":[62],"Bayes":[63],"(NB).":[64],"The":[65,90],"main":[66],"focus":[67],"is":[71,95],"propose":[73],"use":[75],"Grid":[77],"search":[78],"method":[79],"for":[80],"tuning":[81,113],"hyper-parameters":[82],"balance":[85],"datasets":[86],"SMOTE":[88],"technique.":[89],"results":[91],"show":[92],"that":[93,109],"there":[94],"no":[96],"evidence":[97],"concerning":[98],"best":[100,122],"ML":[101,125],"technique":[102],"all":[104],"datasets.":[105],"However,":[106],"found":[108],"balanced":[110],"data":[111],"parameters":[114],"suitable":[116],"order":[118],"obtain":[120],"performance":[123],"techniques.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
