{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2909087604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa.2018.8612819","title":"Using Machine Learning Techniques to Classify and Predict Static Code Analysis Tool Warnings","display_name":"Using Machine Learning Techniques to Classify and Predict Static Code Analysis Tool Warnings","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2909087604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa.2018.8612819","mag":"2909087604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/aiccsa.2018.8612819","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa.2018.8612819","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE/ACS 15th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarworks.indianapolis.iu.edu/bitstreams/6b6c14c3-787e-45c2-b3ba-59c5ec8dfee4/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005413347","display_name":"Enas Ahmad Alikhashashneh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5497-6001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135191193","display_name":"University of Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/052133d12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135191193"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Enas A. Alikhashashneh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007866670","display_name":"Rajeev R. Raje","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135191193","display_name":"University of Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/052133d12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135191193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajeev R. Raje","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053484331","display_name":"James H. Hill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8336-9855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55769427","display_name":"Indiana University \u2013 Purdue University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxnyn08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55769427","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135191193","display_name":"University of Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/052133d12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135191193"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James H. Hill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005413347"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135191193","https://openalex.org/I55769427"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6447,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89264458,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.7400286793708801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7140560746192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pruning","display_name":"Pruning","score":0.6823172569274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6682553887367249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.6256230473518372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.5563819408416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5314233303070068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.494778573513031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.49445128440856934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.48929139971733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.47924163937568665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.4728774428367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors-algorithm","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","score":0.4403766691684723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39001426100730896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.7400286793708801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7140560746192932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108010975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500094","display_name":"Pruning","level":2,"score":0.6823172569274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6682553887367249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6256230473518372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.5563819408416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5314233303070068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.494778573513031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.49445128440856934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.48929139971733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.47924163937568665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4728774428367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113238511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071612","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4403766691684723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39001426100730896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/aiccsa.2018.8612819","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aiccsa.2018.8612819","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE/ACS 15th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.iupui.edu:1805/21358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1805/21358","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.indianapolis.iu.edu/bitstreams/6b6c14c3-787e-45c2-b3ba-59c5ec8dfee4/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400987","display_name":"IUScholarWorks (Indiana University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I592451","host_organization_name":"Indiana University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Author","raw_type":"Conference proceedings"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.indianapolis.iu.edu:1805/21358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1805/21358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400987","display_name":"IUScholarWorks (Indiana University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I592451","host_organization_name":"Indiana University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Author","raw_type":"Conference proceedings"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.iupui.edu:1805/21358","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1805/21358","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.indianapolis.iu.edu/bitstreams/6b6c14c3-787e-45c2-b3ba-59c5ec8dfee4/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400987","display_name":"IUScholarWorks (Indiana University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I592451","host_organization_name":"Indiana University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Author","raw_type":"Conference proceedings"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6840302281","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"D15PC00169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306110","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Homeland Security"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306110","display_name":"U.S. Department of Homeland Security","ror":"https://ror.org/00jyr0d86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2909087604.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2909087604.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W169052826","https://openalex.org/W1495061682","https://openalex.org/W1533477412","https://openalex.org/W1546047689","https://openalex.org/W1610836425","https://openalex.org/W1612155886","https://openalex.org/W1698155719","https://openalex.org/W1964062576","https://openalex.org/W1988918904","https://openalex.org/W1989657183","https://openalex.org/W2112081648","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2159613309","https://openalex.org/W2164341120","https://openalex.org/W2181575178","https://openalex.org/W2297096600","https://openalex.org/W2624094989","https://openalex.org/W2735834919","https://openalex.org/W2805617726","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W4233410239","https://openalex.org/W4234721591","https://openalex.org/W4235132546","https://openalex.org/W6606879723","https://openalex.org/W6629652716","https://openalex.org/W6632634077","https://openalex.org/W6685758243","https://openalex.org/W7014878551"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386259002","https://openalex.org/W1546989560","https://openalex.org/W3193043704","https://openalex.org/W3171520305","https://openalex.org/W1924178503","https://openalex.org/W4308716060","https://openalex.org/W4280648719","https://openalex.org/W3135126032","https://openalex.org/W3033346322","https://openalex.org/W4385192698"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"discusses":[2],"our":[3,126],"work":[4],"on":[5,139],"using":[6,107],"software":[7],"engineering":[8],"metrics":[9,134],"(i.e.,":[10],"source":[11],"code":[12],"metrics)":[13],"to":[14,52,114],"classify":[15],"an":[16],"error":[17],"message":[18],"generated":[19,106],"by":[20,67],"a":[21,28,141,146],"Static":[22],"Code":[23],"Analysis":[24],"(SCA)":[25],"tool":[26,143],"as":[27,75],"true-positive,":[29],"false-positive,":[30],"or":[31,149],"false-negative.":[32],"Specifically,":[33],"we":[34],"compare":[35],"the":[36,63,69,76,81,86,93,97,101,117,122,130,136],"performance":[37,61],"of":[38,62,80,85,92,100],"Support":[39],"Vector":[40],"Machine":[41],"(SVM),":[42],"K-Nearest":[43],"Neighbor":[44],"(KNN),":[45],"Random":[46,108,118],"Forests,":[47],"and":[48,83,132],"Repeated":[49],"Incremental":[50],"Pruning":[51],"Produce":[53],"Error":[54],"Reduction":[55],"(RIPPER)":[56],"over":[57],"eight":[58],"datasets.":[59],"The":[60,89],"techniques":[64],"is":[65,73,105],"assessed":[66],"computing":[68],"F-measure":[70,98],"metric,":[71],"which":[72,104],"defined":[74],"weighted":[77],"harmonic":[78],"mean":[79],"precision":[82],"recall":[84],"predicted":[87,102],"model.":[88],"overall":[90],"results":[91,127],"study":[94],"show":[95],"that":[96,129],"value":[99],"model,":[103],"Forests":[109,119],"technique,":[110],"ranges":[111],"from":[112],"83%":[113],"98%.":[115],"Additionally,":[116],"technique":[120],"outperforms":[121],"other":[123],"techniques.":[124],"Lastly,":[125],"indicate":[128],"complexity":[131],"coupling":[133],"have":[135],"most":[137],"impact":[138],"whether":[140],"SCA":[142],"with":[144],"generate":[145],"false-positive":[147],"warning":[148],"not.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
