{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3199117503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics50104.2021.9530351","title":"A Review of Smart Irrigation Decision Support Systems","display_name":"A Review of Smart Irrigation Decision Support Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3199117503","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics50104.2021.9530351","mag":"3199117503"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/agro-geoinformatics50104.2021.9530351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics50104.2021.9530351","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 9th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014889794","display_name":"Ziheng Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9810-0023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ziheng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012116347","display_name":"Liping Di","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3953-9965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liping Di","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014889794"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6566,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77498888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9732000231742859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.8028509616851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6840715408325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation","display_name":"Irrigation","score":0.5961787700653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5532007217407227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5116682052612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.49289655685424805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.45583486557006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.43195950984954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.43076974153518677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.4162524342536926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.33783048391342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3218024969100952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2464754283428192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22222211956977844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1705944836139679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15632250905036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12167954444885254}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.8028509616851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6840715408325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.5961787700653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5532007217407227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5116682052612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.49289655685424805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.45583486557006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.43195950984954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.43076974153518677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.4162524342536926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33783048391342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3218024969100952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2464754283428192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22222211956977844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1705944836139679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15632250905036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12167954444885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/agro-geoinformatics50104.2021.9530351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics50104.2021.9530351","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 9th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W162594366","https://openalex.org/W329553509","https://openalex.org/W1562760761","https://openalex.org/W1978585833","https://openalex.org/W2039929218","https://openalex.org/W2046534258","https://openalex.org/W2069026003","https://openalex.org/W2113769572","https://openalex.org/W2170923177","https://openalex.org/W2173722229","https://openalex.org/W2193272755","https://openalex.org/W2524600435","https://openalex.org/W2622137145","https://openalex.org/W2757776570","https://openalex.org/W2917822423","https://openalex.org/W2981038088","https://openalex.org/W2987761081","https://openalex.org/W2996815539","https://openalex.org/W3114565898","https://openalex.org/W3123071457","https://openalex.org/W4302551746","https://openalex.org/W4394455620","https://openalex.org/W6611292264","https://openalex.org/W6768810537","https://openalex.org/W6884974838"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1657880117","https://openalex.org/W2595172197","https://openalex.org/W2127970246","https://openalex.org/W2979760315","https://openalex.org/W4324372666","https://openalex.org/W4225706866","https://openalex.org/W4386004629","https://openalex.org/W2942586735","https://openalex.org/W2956163139","https://openalex.org/W4321606826"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0],"irrigation":[1,13,51,78],"systems":[2,31,79],"are":[3],"designed":[4],"to":[5,42],"save":[6],"as":[7,14],"much":[8],"water":[9,24],"and":[10,30,37,57,69,83,86,90,94,100],"costs":[11],"in":[12,16,35,81,104],"possible":[15],"the":[17,21,26,47,66,70,75,88,96,101],"precondition":[18],"of":[19,65],"ensuring":[20],"necessarily":[22],"needed":[23],"by":[25],"crops.":[27],"Numerous":[28],"devices":[29],"integrating":[32],"cutting-edge":[33],"technologies":[34,89],"hardware":[36],"software":[38],"have":[39],"been":[40],"invented":[41],"realize":[43],"this":[44,72,105],"goal.":[45],"However,":[46],"autonomous":[48],"large-scale":[49],"smart":[50,77],"system":[52],"is":[53],"still":[54],"an":[55],"unsolved":[56],"ongoing":[58],"challenge.":[59],"To":[60],"get":[61],"a":[62],"clear":[63],"picture":[64],"current":[67],"status":[68],"opportunities,":[71],"paper":[73],"investigated":[74],"existing":[76],"reported":[80],"literature":[82],"agricultural":[84],"community,":[85],"summarized":[87],"algorithms":[91],"behind":[92],"them,":[93],"revealed":[95],"major":[97],"bottleneck":[98],"challenges":[99],"coming":[102],"opportunities":[103],"domain.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-25T23:00:34.991745","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}