{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388039817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293617","title":"An Ngram-Based Approach to Determine Trends and Patterns in the Social Networks","display_name":"An Ngram-Based Approach to Determine Trends and Patterns in the Social Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388039817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293617"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293617","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Constance Mukina Ngila","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26805570","display_name":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/015h5sy57","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Constance Mukina Ngila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology,Department of Information Technology,Nairobi,Kenya","Department of Information Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology,Department of Information Technology,Nairobi,Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065332583","display_name":"Waweru Mwangi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0278-0851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26805570","display_name":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/015h5sy57","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waweru Mwangi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology,Department of Information Technology,Nairobi,Kenya","Department of Information Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology,Department of Information Technology,Nairobi,Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112705660","display_name":"Michael Kimwele","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1183-1830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26805570","display_name":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/015h5sy57","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Kimwele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology,Department of Computing,Nairobi,Kenya","Department of Computing, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology,Department of Computing,Nairobi,Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13920043,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"58(1)","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9763000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7936203479766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-extraction","display_name":"Knowledge extraction","score":0.6228675842285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6045598983764648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5894768238067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5564252138137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.45078977942466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4345693290233612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","score":0.4312208890914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.42747026681900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.21836012601852417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7936203479766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120567893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1582085","display_name":"Knowledge extraction","level":2,"score":0.6228675842285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6045598983764648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5894768238067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5564252138137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.45078977942466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4345693290233612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4312208890914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.42747026681900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.21836012601852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293617","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514587974"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296209631","https://openalex.org/W3097449145","https://openalex.org/W2561617217","https://openalex.org/W4294811468","https://openalex.org/W2355801475","https://openalex.org/W4206659427","https://openalex.org/W93075631","https://openalex.org/W3005434123","https://openalex.org/W4231842067","https://openalex.org/W2076251662"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,19,76,94,191],"recent":[1],"progress":[2],"in":[3,16,25,88,111,150,270],"computing":[4],"has":[5],"made":[6],"iteasier":[7],"to":[8,44,70,83,114,147,184,198,201,209,248,260,278],"collect":[9],"and":[10,28,50,65,74,138,179,187,233,286],"store":[11],"huge":[12,241],"amounts":[13,242],"of":[14,22,79,91,96,131,135,145,176,236,243,258,273],"information":[15,97,137],"a":[17,37,125,128,156,210,223,226,231],"text.":[18],"growing":[20],"size":[21],"text":[23,26,58,204,239,263],"datasets":[24],"mining":[27,165],"the":[29,89,133,180,251,256,271,284],"high":[30],"dimensionality":[31],"associated":[32],"with":[33,295],"knowledge":[34,85],"discovery":[35],"is":[36,82,99,101,155,173,182,222,269],"great":[38],"challenge":[39],"that":[40,98,109,205,228,268,288],"makes":[41],"it":[42],"difficult":[43],"classify":[45],"documents":[46],"into":[47],"various":[48],"categories":[49],"sub-":[51],"categories.":[52],"This":[53,105,253],"paper":[54],"focuses":[55],"on":[56,167,245,276],"how":[57],"can":[59,169],"be":[60,170,199,207],"mined":[61],"from":[62,86,108,194,240,264],"social":[63,195,246],"networks":[64,196,247],"then":[66],"categorized":[67],"using":[68],"n-grams":[69,259],"determine":[71,283],"specific":[72,203,238,262],"trends":[73,285],"patterns.":[75],"main":[77],"aim":[78],"Knowledge":[80,153],"Discovery":[81,154],"extract":[84],"data":[87,106,146,168,181,192,244,275],"context":[90],"large":[92,274],"databases.":[93],"volume":[95],"available":[100,136],"increasing":[102],"every":[103],"day.":[104],"ranges":[107],"used":[110],"business":[112],"transactions":[113],"scientific":[115],"data,":[116,118,178],"sensor":[117],"pictures,":[119],"videos,":[120],"etc.":[121],"There":[122,221],"is,":[123],"therefore,":[124],"need":[126,197,224],"for":[127,225],"system":[129],"capable":[130],"extracting":[132],"core":[134],"automatically":[139],"generating":[140],"reports,":[141],"opinions,":[142],"or":[143],"summaries":[144],"aid":[148],"organizations":[149],"better":[151],"decision-making.":[152],"repetitive":[157],"process":[158],"where":[159],"evaluation":[160],"measures":[161],"are":[162],"often":[163],"enhanced,":[164],"done":[166],"refined,":[171],"there":[172],"an":[174],"integration":[175],"new":[177],"transformed":[183],"get":[185],"accurate":[186],"more":[188],"appropriate":[189],"results.":[190],"collected":[193],"filtered":[200],"capture":[202],"will":[206,229,289],"useful":[208],"PR":[211],"brand":[212],"following":[213],"what":[214],"clients":[215],"say":[216],"about":[217],"their":[218,293],"products":[219],"online.":[220],"technique":[227],"provide":[230],"quick":[232],"precise":[234],"way":[235],"fetching":[237],"help":[249,279,290],"analyze":[250],"feedback.":[252],"research":[254],"analyzes":[255],"use":[257],"fetch":[261],"near-real-time":[265],"customer":[266,296],"feedback":[267],"form":[272],"Twitter":[277],"Public":[280],"Relations":[281],"agencies":[282],"patterns":[287],"them":[291],"align":[292],"brands":[294],"preferences.":[297]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}