{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3208992592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570966","title":"Step-Like Ultra-Wideband Antenna Applicable for 5G Communication","display_name":"Step-Like Ultra-Wideband Antenna Applicable for 5G Communication","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3208992592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570966","mag":"3208992592"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019472369","display_name":"Joseph Owusu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2545-1644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I291863076","display_name":"University of Energy and Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9rzb75","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I291863076"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Owusu Joseph","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I291863076"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035713722","display_name":"Oppong Nathaniel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I291863076","display_name":"University of Energy and Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9rzb75","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I291863076"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oppong Nathaniel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I291863076"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033469051","display_name":"Foeh Emmanuel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I291863076","display_name":"University of Energy and Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9rzb75","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I291863076"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Foeh Emmanuel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I291863076"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043322421","display_name":"K. Diawuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8917-8053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I291863076","display_name":"University of Energy and Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/05r9rzb75","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I291863076"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwasi Diawuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I291863076"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I291863076"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2997,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94566417,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"110","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip-antenna","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","score":0.5816828012466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-factor","display_name":"Antenna factor","score":0.5607675909996033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patch-antenna","display_name":"Patch antenna","score":0.5430099964141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/return-loss","display_name":"Return loss","score":0.5424507260322571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-measurement","display_name":"Antenna measurement","score":0.5205151438713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5001497268676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-tuner","display_name":"Antenna tuner","score":0.47934040427207947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-gain","display_name":"Antenna gain","score":0.46722492575645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impedance-matching","display_name":"Impedance matching","score":0.461330771446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.45637404918670654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.43875324726104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monopole-antenna","display_name":"Monopole antenna","score":0.4179953932762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41013872623443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3618873953819275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3596072196960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.35927480459213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.3189214766025543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3029085397720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21559950709342957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170349913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13402882","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","level":3,"score":0.5816828012466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196931383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771253","display_name":"Antenna factor","level":4,"score":0.5607675909996033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159238334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1419428","display_name":"Patch antenna","level":3,"score":0.5430099964141846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196901423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933836","display_name":"Return loss","level":3,"score":0.5424507260322571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158616128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771260","display_name":"Antenna measurement","level":3,"score":0.5205151438713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5001497268676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119439620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568420","display_name":"Antenna tuner","level":5,"score":0.47934040427207947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81183938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251537","display_name":"Antenna gain","level":5,"score":0.46722492575645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C612350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761108","display_name":"Impedance matching","level":3,"score":0.461330771446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.45637404918670654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.43875324726104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95496425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1466248","display_name":"Monopole antenna","level":3,"score":0.4179953932762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41013872623443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3618873953819275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3596072196960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35927480459213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.3189214766025543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3029085397720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21559950709342957}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570966","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570966","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2052611316","https://openalex.org/W2555041002","https://openalex.org/W2589120572","https://openalex.org/W2783795561","https://openalex.org/W2786615524","https://openalex.org/W2886963443","https://openalex.org/W2911153951","https://openalex.org/W2918807572","https://openalex.org/W2956699146","https://openalex.org/W2982175648","https://openalex.org/W2989727745","https://openalex.org/W3013023972"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2159975605","https://openalex.org/W2044094047","https://openalex.org/W1998939934","https://openalex.org/W2757534726","https://openalex.org/W2106708003","https://openalex.org/W3127077172","https://openalex.org/W3011565042","https://openalex.org/W3162675922","https://openalex.org/W2529814389","https://openalex.org/W2738104242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"problem":[1],"of":[2,9,76,105,137,191,215,229],"Ultra-wideband":[3,20],"systems":[4],"is":[5,24,88,117,132],"reducing":[6],"the":[7,10,15,19,59,106,121,125,129,138,149,172,230],"size":[8],"antenna":[11,54,87,107,142,184,206,245],"while":[12,128],"still":[13],"maintaining":[14],"antenna\u2019s":[16],"performance":[17],"in":[18,28,241],"frequency":[21,189,200],"range.":[22],"This":[23],"also":[25,237],"a":[26,42,46,52,74,97,211],"requirement":[27],"5G":[29,32,68,225],"wireless":[30],"communication.":[31],"antennas":[33],"are":[34,70,236],"to":[35,119,134,155,253],"have":[36,41],"low":[37,212],"profiles,":[38],"simple":[39],"structure,":[40],"lighter":[43],"weight,":[44],"and":[45,61,67,94,103,164,210,232,239],"high":[47,144],"gain.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50,242],"paper,":[51],"novel":[53],"with":[55,96,175],"two":[56],"steps":[57],"on":[58,90],"patch":[60,116],"defected":[62],"ground":[63,131],"structure":[64],"for":[65,224,249],"UWB":[66,250],"applications":[69,251],"presented.":[71],"It":[72],"has":[73,143,207],"volume":[75],"32":[77,79],"x":[78,80],"1.6mm":[81],"<sup":[82],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[83],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">3</sup>":[84],".":[85],"The":[86,101,114,141,183,205,227,244],"realized":[89],"an":[91],"FR4":[92],"substrate":[93],"fed":[95],"50\u03a9":[98],"microstrip":[99],"feedline.":[100],"design":[102],"simulation":[104],"were":[108],"carried":[109],"out":[110],"using":[111],"CST":[112],"studio.":[113],"stepped":[115],"used":[118,133,248],"improve":[120,135],"impedance":[122,145],"matching":[123,146],"at":[124,158,179,188,202,218],"lower":[126],"frequencies":[127],"slotted":[130],"that":[136],"higher":[139],"frequencies.":[140],"characteristics":[147,187],"over":[148],"entire":[150],"operating":[151],"bandwidth":[152],"from":[153,171],"2.95":[154],"40":[156],"GHz":[157,181,199],"return":[159,213],"loss":[160,214],"\u2264":[161],"10":[162],"dB":[163,217],"Voltage":[165],"Standing":[166],"Wave":[167],"Ratio":[168],"<":[169],"2":[170],"simulated":[173,238],"results":[174],"its":[176,254],"highest":[177],"gain":[178],"9.5":[180],"frequency.":[182],"exhibits":[185],"multiband":[186],"ranges":[190],"3.40-3.60,":[192],"8.63-10.37,":[193],"13.53-14.69,":[194],"18.82-20.06,":[195],"23.95-":[196],"24.56,":[197],"27.22-28.52":[198],"band":[201],"20":[203,216],"dB.":[204],"good":[208],"gain,":[209],"28":[219],"GHz,":[220],"making":[221],"it":[222],"suitable":[223],"applications.":[226],"significance":[228],"slots":[231],"Defected":[233],"Ground":[234],"Structure":[235],"presented":[240],"paper.":[243],"can":[246],"be":[247],"due":[252],"wider":[255],"bandwidth.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}