{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3210951667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570861","title":"A Review of Interference Challenges on Integrated 5GNR and NB-IoT Networks","display_name":"A Review of Interference Challenges on Integrated 5GNR and NB-IoT Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3210951667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570861","mag":"3210951667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570861","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024344415","display_name":"Lebohang Caswel Tlake","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110603874","display_name":"Central University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/033z08192","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110603874"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lebohang Caswel Tlake","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department: Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Central University of Technology, Free State, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department: Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Central University of Technology, Free State, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110603874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055083185","display_name":"Elisha Didam Markus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6778-4004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110603874","display_name":"Central University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/033z08192","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110603874"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisha Didam Markus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department: Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Central University of Technology, Free State, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department: Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Central University of Technology, Free State, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110603874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045534879","display_name":"Adnan M. Abu\u2010Mahfouz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6413-3924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21360634","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05j00sr48","country_code":"ZA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2198,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76302572,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3rd-generation-partnership-project-2","display_name":"3rd Generation Partnership Project 2","score":0.7418163418769836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5739967226982117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5724170207977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrowband","display_name":"Narrowband","score":0.5672847628593445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4282298982143402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3287472128868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.22776123881340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.12190315127372742}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177782964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229785","display_name":"3rd Generation Partnership Project 2","level":3,"score":0.7418163418769836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5739967226982117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5724170207977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.5672847628593445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4282298982143402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3287472128868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.22776123881340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.12190315127372742}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon51333.2021.9570861","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323430","display_name":"Central University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/033z08192"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967516821","https://openalex.org/W2042308583","https://openalex.org/W2046082494","https://openalex.org/W2128145324","https://openalex.org/W2129830060","https://openalex.org/W2160088445","https://openalex.org/W2508611559","https://openalex.org/W2602716155","https://openalex.org/W2615083522","https://openalex.org/W2728580197","https://openalex.org/W2731563204","https://openalex.org/W2770428545","https://openalex.org/W2793121051","https://openalex.org/W2893265154","https://openalex.org/W2911669934","https://openalex.org/W2942349567","https://openalex.org/W2971412041","https://openalex.org/W3044596021","https://openalex.org/W3093833803","https://openalex.org/W3094098766","https://openalex.org/W3096284923","https://openalex.org/W3104373982","https://openalex.org/W3104912275","https://openalex.org/W4312542184","https://openalex.org/W6725412409"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2066407136","https://openalex.org/W2084350814","https://openalex.org/W2363885396","https://openalex.org/W2374015200","https://openalex.org/W2017835370","https://openalex.org/W2354576330","https://openalex.org/W3086732994","https://openalex.org/W2055854753","https://openalex.org/W2160794968"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Technology":[0],"is":[1,13,49,91,129,163],"expanding":[2],"at":[3],"a":[4,14,117],"higher":[5],"rate":[6,110],"and":[7,33,75,99,111,145,153],"because":[8],"of":[9,31,73,96,108,119,126,140,142],"this":[10,127],"expansion":[11],"there":[12],"global":[15],"transition":[16],"from":[17],"4thGeneration":[18],"(4G)":[19],"to":[20,24,83,106,130,135],"5thGeneration":[21],"(5G)":[22],"due":[23],"the":[25,29,41,56,65,138,159],"steep":[26],"rise":[27],"in":[28,47,61,155],"demand":[30],"users":[32],"challenges":[34],"which":[35,46,62,81,90],"are":[36,78],"not":[37],"addressed":[38],"effectively":[39],"by":[40,93],"4G.":[42,76],"The":[43,123],"3GPP":[44],"standards":[45],"full":[48],"3rdGeneration":[50],"Partnership":[51],"Project":[52],"have":[53],"given":[54],"5G":[55],"name":[57],"New":[58],"Radio":[59],"(NR)":[60],"it":[63],"reuses":[64],"spectrum":[66,94],"allocated":[67],"for":[68],"both":[69],"(NB-IoT)":[70],"Narrowband":[71,87],"Internet":[72],"Things":[74],"There":[77],"different":[79,133],"elements":[80],"contribute":[82],"an":[84,165],"interference":[85,121,160],"named":[86],"Interference":[88],"(NBI)":[89],"caused":[92],"reuse":[95],"NR,":[97],"NB-IoT":[98,144],"(LTE)":[100],"Long":[101],"Term":[102],"Evolution,":[103],"thus":[104],"leads":[105],"mismatch":[107],"sampling":[109],"performance":[112],"degradation.":[113],"This":[114],"paper":[115,128],"presents":[116],"survey":[118],"these":[120],"challenges.":[122],"main":[124],"contribution":[125],"comprehensively":[131],"analyse":[132],"classifications":[134],"possibly":[136],"assist":[137],"form":[139],"coexistence":[141],"5GNR":[143],"LTE.":[146],"Different":[147],"approaches":[148],"were":[149],"analysed,":[150],"their":[151],"strength":[152],"limitations":[154],"various":[156],"literatures,":[157],"however":[158],"mitigation":[161],"scheme":[162],"still":[164],"open":[166],"gap":[167],"determined.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}