{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2770417428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095709","title":"Detecting the presence of pigeons on PV modules in a pico-solar system","display_name":"Detecting the presence of pigeons on PV modules in a pico-solar system","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2770417428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095709","mag":"2770417428"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095709","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095709","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071967786","display_name":"Pierre E Hertzog","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3396-6050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110603874","display_name":"Central University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/033z08192","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110603874"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pierre E. Hertzog","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110603874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102726488","display_name":"Arthur James Swart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5906-2896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110603874","display_name":"Central University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/033z08192","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110603874"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur J. Swart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110603874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071967786"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110603874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2188,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53888191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":null,"first_page":"1528","last_page":"1533"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10468","display_name":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10468","display_name":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interrupt","display_name":"Interrupt","score":0.8177676796913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.6155999898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5705437660217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5243732929229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5235528349876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5129510760307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.47275930643081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3649214506149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3004239797592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcontroller","display_name":"Microcontroller","score":0.29164358973503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.261263370513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21963045001029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1429067850112915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41661131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220764","display_name":"Interrupt","level":3,"score":0.8177676796913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.6155999898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5705437660217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5243732929229736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5235528349876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5129510760307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.47275930643081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3649214506149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3004239797592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173018170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165678","display_name":"Microcontroller","level":2,"score":0.29164358973503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.261263370513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21963045001029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1429067850112915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095709","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095709","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W622657873","https://openalex.org/W1584699322","https://openalex.org/W1973948335","https://openalex.org/W1985720875","https://openalex.org/W2000238458","https://openalex.org/W2002836534","https://openalex.org/W2011849289","https://openalex.org/W2030432317","https://openalex.org/W2039523413","https://openalex.org/W2044804538","https://openalex.org/W2064907272","https://openalex.org/W2068927664","https://openalex.org/W2292465733","https://openalex.org/W2518903926","https://openalex.org/W2529722421","https://openalex.org/W2563668006","https://openalex.org/W2589400713","https://openalex.org/W2963805144","https://openalex.org/W6635077752","https://openalex.org/W6658271924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4288898221","https://openalex.org/W2358308054","https://openalex.org/W2109690896","https://openalex.org/W2391783641","https://openalex.org/W4231875098","https://openalex.org/W4230529130","https://openalex.org/W2391365542","https://openalex.org/W2361731841","https://openalex.org/W2386367690","https://openalex.org/W4243198198"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Shading":[0],"caused":[1],"by":[2,40],"the":[3,10,25,28,31,35,57,61,68,81,88,93,111,125,140,163,168,175,188,194,203,206,216,222,227,250],"presence":[4,69,126,223],"of":[5,13,30,45,70,77,95,105,115,127,145,177,185,193,224,242],"pigeons":[6,71,82,128,225,251],"can":[7],"negatively":[8],"affect":[9],"output":[11,49,97,141],"power":[12,50,54,98],"a":[14,18,41,116,133,152,198],"PV":[15,58,130,148,195,228],"module":[16],"in":[17,48,86,132,155,159,179],"pico-solar":[19,134],"system.":[20,135],"This":[21],"is":[22,108,157,219,231],"due":[23],"to":[24,79,109,123,205,234,248],"fact":[26],"that":[27,120,215],"body":[29],"pigeon":[32],"may":[33,84,245],"interrupt":[34],"direct":[36],"beam":[37],"radiation":[38],"received":[39],"cell,":[42],"or":[43],"number":[44],"cells,":[46],"resulting":[47],"loss":[51],"and":[52,72,99,113,143,150,173],"internal":[53],"dissipation":[55],"within":[56],"module,":[59],"as":[60],"shaded":[62],"cells":[63],"become":[64],"reverse":[65],"biased.":[66],"Detecting":[67],"then":[73,167],"deploying":[74],"some":[75,240],"type":[76,241],"intervention":[78,243],"scare":[80,249],"away":[83],"assist":[85],"reducing":[87],"shading":[89],"time,":[90],"thereby":[91,213],"enabling":[92],"availability":[94],"maximum":[96],"reduced":[100],"hot":[101],"spots.":[102],"The":[103,136],"purpose":[104],"this":[106,186,238],"paper":[107],"present":[110],"design":[112],"results":[114],"LabVIEW":[117],"software":[118],"system":[119,138,169,189,218,239],"was":[121],"used":[122,247],"detect":[124],"on":[129,226],"modules":[131,196],"developed":[137,217],"monitors":[139],"voltage":[142],"current":[144,156],"multiple":[146],"identical":[147],"systems,":[149],"if":[151],"significant":[153],"drop":[154],"detected":[158],"one":[160],"system,":[161],"while":[162],"others":[164],"remain":[165],"constant,":[166],"registers":[170],"an":[171,191,210],"event":[172],"logs":[174],"amount":[176],"time":[178],"10-second":[180],"intervals.":[181],"For":[182],"each":[183],"sample":[184],"event,":[187],"records":[190],"image":[192],"using":[197],"high":[199],"definition":[200],"webcam.":[201],"Correlating":[202],"images":[204],"actual":[207],"events":[208],"reveals":[209],"86.4%":[211],"accuracy,":[212],"indicating":[214],"indeed":[220],"detecting":[221],"modules.":[229],"It":[230],"further":[232],"recommended":[233],"now":[235],"integrate":[236],"into":[237],"which":[244],"be":[246],"away.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}