{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2769743438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095675","title":"Residential load variability and diversity at different sampling time and aggregation scales","display_name":"Residential load variability and diversity at different sampling time and aggregation scales","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2769743438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095675","mag":"2769743438"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095675","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095675","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064943779","display_name":"A. I. Elombo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2851-0841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andreas I. Elombo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy & Power Group: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy & Power Group: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000042067","display_name":"Thomas Morstyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2781-9588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Morstyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy & Power Group: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy & Power Group: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070455162","display_name":"Dimitra Apostolopoulou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9012-9910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitra Apostolopoulou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy & Power Group: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy & Power Group: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053017921","display_name":"Malcolm McCulloch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-1128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malcolm D. McCulloch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy & Power Group: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy & Power Group: Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064943779"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4381,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67023817,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1331","last_page":"1336"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6232053637504578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.6127240657806396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5468310117721558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.5153031349182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.5002853870391846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.49679139256477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.48174193501472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","score":0.4771675169467926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.46045947074890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-profile","display_name":"Load profile","score":0.4599333107471466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-management","display_name":"Load management","score":0.4533585011959076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.43885964155197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-aggregator","display_name":"Data aggregator","score":0.42525067925453186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.38216397166252136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3626980185508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17975008487701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1658267378807068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.1412416398525238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.11137819290161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.09636199474334717}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6232053637504578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.6127240657806396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5468310117721558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.5153031349182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.5002853870391846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.49679139256477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.48174193501472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.4771675169467926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.46045947074890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777908891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806775","display_name":"Load profile","level":3,"score":0.4599333107471466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357554","display_name":"Load management","level":2,"score":0.4533585011959076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.43885964155197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82578977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16773055","display_name":"Data aggregator","level":3,"score":0.42525067925453186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.38216397166252136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3626980185508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17975008487701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1658267378807068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.1412416398525238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11137819290161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.09636199474334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095675","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095675","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.city.ac.uk:19251","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/view/creators_id/dimitra=2Eapostolopoulou.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401940","display_name":"City Research Online (City University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","host_organization_name":"City, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:3345dc74-b2fa-4e50-8406-343e8153c2c7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3345dc74-b2fa-4e50-8406-343e8153c2c7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7376874757","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N03466X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338075","display_name":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W564940259","https://openalex.org/W1686631693","https://openalex.org/W1917940692","https://openalex.org/W1932418350","https://openalex.org/W1999087759","https://openalex.org/W2002057182","https://openalex.org/W2039583045","https://openalex.org/W2042569829","https://openalex.org/W2075419264","https://openalex.org/W2076581379","https://openalex.org/W2113417040","https://openalex.org/W2132987852","https://openalex.org/W2159789835","https://openalex.org/W2176750809","https://openalex.org/W2542905285","https://openalex.org/W4251315812","https://openalex.org/W6637153378","https://openalex.org/W6728977468"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2035833777","https://openalex.org/W2392147676","https://openalex.org/W2522559011","https://openalex.org/W1589973774","https://openalex.org/W2032085210","https://openalex.org/W2556396996","https://openalex.org/W3112567715","https://openalex.org/W4205838918","https://openalex.org/W1998413294","https://openalex.org/W39487273"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,158,187,207],"increasing":[1],"use":[2],"of":[3,34,43,79,143,172,181,196,203],"large-scale":[4],"intermittent":[5],"distributed":[6,102],"renewable":[7],"energy":[8,105],"resources":[9,99],"on":[10,71,107,153],"the":[11,29,32,48,77,80,108,122,126,141,162,170,192,197,201,213],"electrical":[12],"power":[13,30,174],"system":[14,72,81,127],"introduces":[15],"uncertainties":[16],"in":[17],"both":[18,57,125],"network":[19,88,111,198,219],"planning":[20],"and":[21,59,104,112,116,130,156,164],"management.":[22],"In":[23],"addition":[24],"to":[25,28,67,75,91,149,231],"architectural":[26],"changes":[27],"system,":[31],"applications":[33],"demand":[35],"side":[36],"response":[37],"(DSR)":[38],"also":[39,210],"add":[40],"a":[41],"dimension":[42],"complexity":[44],"-":[45],"thereby":[46],"converting":[47],"traditionally":[49],"passive":[50],"customers":[51,134],"into":[52],"active":[53,218],"prosumers":[54],"(customers":[55],"that":[56,95,166,191],"produce":[58],"consume":[60],"electricity).":[61],"It":[62],"has":[63],"therefore":[64],"become":[65],"important":[66],"conduct":[68],"detailed":[69],"studies":[70,84],"load":[73,128,154,208,233],"profiles":[74],"uncover":[76],"nature":[78],"load.":[82],"These":[83],"could":[85],"help":[86],"distribution":[87,110],"operators":[89],"(DNOs)":[90],"adopt":[92],"relevant":[93],"strategies":[94],"can":[96],"accommodate":[97],"new":[98],"such":[100],"as":[101,200,212],"generation":[103],"storage":[106],"evolving":[109],"ensure":[113],"updated":[114],"design":[115],"management":[117],"approaches.":[118],"This":[119],"paper":[120,188],"investigates":[121],"relationship":[123],"between":[124],"diversity":[129,155,163],"variability":[131,165,209],"when":[132,176],"different":[133,138,178,184],"are":[135,224],"aggregated":[136],"at":[137,161,183,226],"scales.":[139],"Additionally,":[140],"implication":[142],"sampling":[144,185],"time":[145,222],"scales":[146,223,229],"is":[147,167],"investigated":[148],"capture":[150],"its":[151],"effect":[152],"variability.":[157,234],"study":[159],"looks":[160],"observable":[168],"from":[169],"viewpoint":[171],"higher":[173],"levels,":[175],"interconnecting":[177],"sized":[179],"groupings":[180,205],"customers,":[182],"resolutions.":[186],"thus":[189],"concludes":[190],"per-customer":[193],"capacity":[194],"requirement":[195],"decreases":[199,211],"size":[202],"customer":[204],"increases.":[206,216],"aggregation":[214,228],"level":[215],"For":[217],"management,":[220],"faster":[221],"required":[225],"lower":[227],"due":[230],"high":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
