{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2769604819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095595","title":"An evaluation of the effectiveness of cognitive radio ad hoc networks routing protocols","display_name":"An evaluation of the effectiveness of cognitive radio ad hoc networks routing protocols","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2769604819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095595","mag":"2769604819"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095595","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088973757","display_name":"Lerato Ramahlapane Moila","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90546491","display_name":"University of Limpopo","ror":"https://ror.org/017p87168","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90546491"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lerato Ramahlapane Moila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, University of Limpopo Polokwane, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Limpopo Polokwane, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90546491"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052918239","display_name":"Mthulisi Velempini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1619-7429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90546491","display_name":"University of Limpopo","ror":"https://ror.org/017p87168","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90546491"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mthulisi Velempini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, University of Limpopo Polokwane, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Limpopo Polokwane, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90546491"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088973757"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90546491"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2072,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58425984,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"862","last_page":"866"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7867420315742493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7449893355369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.5954174399375916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.5804191827774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.5038415789604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","score":0.4805039167404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.4760808050632477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-quality-of-service-multi-hop-routing","display_name":"Adaptive quality of service multi-hop routing","score":0.47569310665130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-routing-protocol","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","score":0.4669080376625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4528421461582184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ad-hoc-on-demand-distance-vector-routing","display_name":"Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing","score":0.44525861740112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distance-vector-routing-protocol","display_name":"Distance-vector routing protocol","score":0.41623345017433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.3241691589355469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.13542121648788452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.133571058511734}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7867420315742493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7449893355369568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.5954174399375916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.5804191827774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.5038415789604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.4805039167404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.4760808050632477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32244324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680755","display_name":"Adaptive quality of service multi-hop routing","level":5,"score":0.47569310665130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.4669080376625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4528421461582184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104503742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q345335","display_name":"Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing","level":5,"score":0.44525861740112305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202385902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229441","display_name":"Distance-vector routing protocol","level":5,"score":0.41623345017433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.3241691589355469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.13542121648788452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.133571058511734}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095595","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE AFRICON","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495606459","https://openalex.org/W1544539228","https://openalex.org/W1592244646","https://openalex.org/W1965156801","https://openalex.org/W2055112043","https://openalex.org/W2060383394","https://openalex.org/W2078732188","https://openalex.org/W2080834742","https://openalex.org/W2087473667","https://openalex.org/W2098670573","https://openalex.org/W2100517986","https://openalex.org/W2116437206","https://openalex.org/W2119339291","https://openalex.org/W2126867611","https://openalex.org/W2129713030","https://openalex.org/W2134732869","https://openalex.org/W2137358970","https://openalex.org/W2137773246","https://openalex.org/W2138828289","https://openalex.org/W2140643513","https://openalex.org/W2143425319","https://openalex.org/W2148091649","https://openalex.org/W2153090463","https://openalex.org/W2161094097","https://openalex.org/W2170358139","https://openalex.org/W2325551324","https://openalex.org/W2476136666","https://openalex.org/W2548948869","https://openalex.org/W3142262112","https://openalex.org/W4244587650","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300927135","https://openalex.org/W6629504260","https://openalex.org/W6679136966","https://openalex.org/W6681240731","https://openalex.org/W6683585986","https://openalex.org/W6981504696"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2277666233","https://openalex.org/W2252200027","https://openalex.org/W2940592045","https://openalex.org/W4224249563","https://openalex.org/W1835431256","https://openalex.org/W1690277940","https://openalex.org/W2416817414","https://openalex.org/W2375399753","https://openalex.org/W102137215","https://openalex.org/W2126215413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cognitive":[0],"radio":[1,20],"is":[2,22,30,130],"a":[3,8,23],"dynamic":[4,88],"technology":[5],"that":[6,123,134],"has":[7],"potential":[9],"of":[10,27,48,55,61,63,71,75,82,90,106,116],"addressing":[11],"the":[12,28,46,56,59,69,73,76,79,83,87,104,107,112,124],"spectrum":[13,29,84],"scarcity":[14],"challenge.":[15,24],"However,":[16],"routing":[17,66,108],"in":[18,138],"cognitive":[19,91],"network":[21],"The":[25,40,119],"availability":[26,81],"probabilistic":[31],"and":[32,78,110,133],"it":[33,135],"varies":[34],"from":[35],"one":[36],"zone":[37],"to":[38,102],"other.":[39],"existing":[41],"protocols":[42,67,109],"do":[43],"not":[44],"guarantee":[45],"quality":[47,62],"service":[49,64],"requirements":[50],"for":[51],"real-time":[52],"data.":[53],"Some":[54],"challenges":[57],"affecting":[58],"design":[60],"aware":[65],"are":[68],"mobility":[70,74,132,140],"nodes,":[72],"spectrum,":[77],"nondeterministic":[80],"caused":[85],"by":[86],"environment":[89],"networks.":[92],"In":[93],"this":[94],"study,":[95],"we":[96],"use":[97],"Network":[98],"Simulator":[99],"version":[100],"2":[101],"evaluate":[103],"performance":[105,114],"present":[111],"comparative":[113],"results":[115,121],"these":[117],"protocols.":[118],"simulation":[120],"show":[122],"QoS-AODV":[125],"performs":[126],"well":[127],"when":[128],"there":[129],"limited":[131],"requires":[136],"improvements":[137],"high":[139],"environments.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}