{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145377499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2013.6757859","title":"Low cost fault tolerant techniques for nano/pico-satellite applications","display_name":"Low cost fault tolerant techniques for nano/pico-satellite applications","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145377499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2013.6757859","mag":"2145377499"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/afrcon.2013.6757859","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2013.6757859","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 Africon","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091091383","display_name":"Pieter Johannes Botma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P J Botma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electronic Systems Laboratory, Stellenbosch, South Africa","Electr. & Electron. Eng., Electron. Syst. Lab., Stellenbosch, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electronic Systems Laboratory, Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Electron. Eng., Electron. Syst. Lab., Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008195974","display_name":"Arno Barnard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Barnard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electronic Systems Laboratory, Stellenbosch, South Africa","Electr. & Electron. Eng., Electron. Syst. Lab., Stellenbosch, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electronic Systems Laboratory, Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Electron. Eng., Electron. Syst. Lab., Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017712764","display_name":"Willem H. Steyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9284-8559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W H Steyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electronic Systems Laboratory, Stellenbosch, South Africa","Electr. & Electron. Eng., Electron. Syst. Lab., Stellenbosch, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electronic Systems Laboratory, Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. & Electron. Eng., Electron. Syst. Lab., Stellenbosch, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091091383"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4801,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71526222,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12449","display_name":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cubesat","display_name":"CubeSat","score":0.8272066116333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.6433951258659363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5923032164573669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.5882866382598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5316389799118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5137056112289429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spacecraft","display_name":"Spacecraft","score":0.4612599313259125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.4551122784614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/booting","display_name":"Booting","score":0.4520712196826935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.43380531668663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3550204932689667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2733684480190277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.17639359831809998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09189075231552124}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142930","display_name":"CubeSat","level":3,"score":0.8272066116333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6433951258659363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5923032164573669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.5882866382598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5316389799118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5137056112289429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29829512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40218","display_name":"Spacecraft","level":2,"score":0.4612599313259125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.4551122784614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180256","display_name":"Booting","level":2,"score":0.4520712196826935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.43380531668663025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3550204932689667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2733684480190277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.17639359831809998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09189075231552124}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/afrcon.2013.6757859","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2013.6757859","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 Africon","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33129413","https://openalex.org/W1585363671","https://openalex.org/W2053780192","https://openalex.org/W2064759901","https://openalex.org/W2116604201","https://openalex.org/W2118203476","https://openalex.org/W2123309364","https://openalex.org/W2138771799","https://openalex.org/W2169097944","https://openalex.org/W3143484911","https://openalex.org/W4205738524","https://openalex.org/W6677459696"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2102525122","https://openalex.org/W2153096481","https://openalex.org/W2148616436","https://openalex.org/W4306316843","https://openalex.org/W2036953450","https://openalex.org/W2130594209","https://openalex.org/W2527822502","https://openalex.org/W4245282135","https://openalex.org/W2170004886","https://openalex.org/W4300955944"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Space":[0],"is":[1,106],"a":[2,99,138],"hazardous":[3],"environment":[4],"for":[5,102,115],"electronic":[6,22],"equipment":[7],"due":[8,75],"to":[9,16,72,76,108,142],"various":[10],"high":[11],"energy":[12],"particles,":[13],"also":[14],"referred":[15],"as":[17],"radiation,":[18],"which":[19],"adversely":[20],"affect":[21],"components.":[23],"The":[24,150],"most":[25],"notable":[26],"of":[27,46,55,154,166],"these":[28,155],"radiation":[29,47,56],"effects":[30,54],"are":[31,62,171],"single":[32,36],"event":[33,37],"latchups":[34],"and":[35,41,50,81,97,152,157,169],"upsets.":[38],"In":[39],"large":[40],"expensive":[42],"satellites":[43],"the":[44,53,58,70,127,146,161],"use":[45],"hardened":[48],"components":[49],"redundancy":[51],"mitigates":[52],"on":[57,65,126,137,160],"satellite.":[59],"These":[60,129],"techniques":[61,90,133,156],"not":[63],"feasible":[64],"small":[66],"satellites,":[67],"especially":[68],"in":[69,145,164,173],"nano":[71],"pico":[73],"range,":[74],"their":[77,158],"limited":[78],"power,":[79,167],"size":[80,168],"financial":[82],"budgets.":[83],"However,":[84],"by":[85],"using":[86],"fault":[87,112],"tolerant":[88],"design":[89],"(watchdogs,":[91],"anti-latchup":[92],"circuitry,":[93],"error":[94],"correction":[95],"code)":[96],"implementing":[98],"robust":[100],"bootloader":[101],"in-flight":[103],"reprogramming,":[104],"it":[105],"possible":[107],"achieve":[109],"an":[110],"acceptable":[111],"tolerance":[113],"level":[114],"short":[116],"duration":[117],"missions":[118],"within":[119],"low":[120,130],"earth":[121],"orbit":[122],"with":[123],"minimal":[124],"overhead":[125],"design.":[128],"cost":[131,170],"mitigation":[132],"have":[134],"been":[135],"implemented":[136],"CubeSat":[139],"onboard":[140,162],"computer,":[141],"be":[143],"used":[144],"upcoming":[147],"ZACube2":[148],"mission.":[149],"evaluation":[151],"implementation":[153],"impact":[159],"computer":[163],"terms":[165],"discussed":[172],"this":[174],"paper.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-09T08:58:05.943551","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
