{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2532774199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2008.4813459","title":"Robust hand tracking using a skin tone and depth joint probability model","display_name":"Robust hand tracking using a skin tone and depth joint probability model","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2532774199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2008.4813459","mag":"2532774199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/afgr.2008.4813459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2008.4813459","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face & Gesture Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038194603","display_name":"Corey Manders","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Manders","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016509460","display_name":"Farzam Farbiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8387-6507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Farbiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014441833","display_name":"Jonathan Hao Jie Chong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. H. Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089605505","display_name":"Ka Yin Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8316-5382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Y. Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112222696","display_name":"Gim Guan Chua","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. G. Chua","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027755836","display_name":"Mei Hwan Loke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. H. Loke","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101507566","display_name":"Miaolong Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8114-8143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. L. Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASTAR Institute of Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038194603"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6126,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95658428,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7585198879241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7071865200996399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6819770932197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.5513767600059509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.5047050714492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.4758037030696869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.4218381345272064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4208827018737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1573592722415924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13138681650161743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07462352514266968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7585198879241943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7071865200996399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6819770932197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.5513767600059509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5047050714492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.4758037030696869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.4218381345272064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4208827018737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1573592722415924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13138681650161743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07462352514266968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/afgr.2008.4813459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2008.4813459","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face & Gesture Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502024436","https://openalex.org/W1508237896","https://openalex.org/W1520247771","https://openalex.org/W1538209862","https://openalex.org/W1540347880","https://openalex.org/W1598505157","https://openalex.org/W1673002162","https://openalex.org/W2028199296","https://openalex.org/W2096986574","https://openalex.org/W2097370429","https://openalex.org/W2129917377","https://openalex.org/W2132817297","https://openalex.org/W2151478483","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W3214102110","https://openalex.org/W4301792466","https://openalex.org/W6804270185"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066003895","https://openalex.org/W2537963312","https://openalex.org/W2349788282","https://openalex.org/W577271088","https://openalex.org/W2537762514","https://openalex.org/W2120801881","https://openalex.org/W1974473538","https://openalex.org/W2020010749","https://openalex.org/W1982853263","https://openalex.org/W2954779189"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,37,86,91,95,114,121],"the":[2,70,84,93,96,101,105,112,115,119,125],"long-term":[3],"goals":[4],"in":[5,89],"human-computer":[6],"interaction":[7],"is":[8,61,73,127],"to":[9,111,129,133],"utilize":[10],"more":[11],"intuitive":[12],"and":[13,19,55,69,77,118],"natural":[14],"methods":[15],"such":[16],"as":[17,98,100],"speech":[18],"hand":[20,38],"gestures":[21],"that":[22],"a":[23,34,41,46,64],"user":[24],"would":[25],"employ":[26],"for":[27],"communication.":[28],"In":[29],"this":[30,87],"paper,":[31],"we":[32],"present":[33],"robust":[35],"method":[36],"tracking":[39],"using":[40,63,75],"probability":[42,48],"map":[43],"computed":[44],"from":[45,51],"joint":[47],"function":[49],"derived":[50],"both":[52,92],"depth":[53,59],"information":[54,60,72,117],"skin-tone":[56],"information.":[57,80],"The":[58,81],"provided":[62],"commercially":[65],"available":[66],"stereo":[67,122],"camera,":[68],"color":[71,79,116],"found":[74],"calibrated":[76],"linearized":[78],"work":[82],"shows":[83],"effectiveness":[85],"technique,":[88],"terms":[90],"quality":[94],"results":[97],"well":[99],"speed":[102],"at":[103],"which":[104],"computations":[106],"may":[107],"be":[108,130],"performed.":[109],"Due":[110],"linearization":[113],"use":[120],"vision":[123],"data,":[124],"technique":[126],"demonstrated":[128],"largely":[131],"invariant":[132],"illumination":[134],"changes.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}