{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2106291868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301601","title":"Robust hand detection","display_name":"Robust hand detection","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2106291868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301601","mag":"2106291868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/afgr.2004.1301601","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301601","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sixth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 2004. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067415591","display_name":"Mathias K\u00f6lsch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Kolsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","Dept. of Comput. Sci., California Univ., Santa Tiarbara, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci., California Univ., Santa Tiarbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085409762","display_name":"Matthew Turk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4198-8401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Turk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","Dept. of Comput. Sci., California Univ., Santa Tiarbara, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci., California Univ., Santa Tiarbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067415591"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.1229,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":268,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99477534,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"614","last_page":"619"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10653","display_name":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8322230577468872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7339029908180237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6502870321273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.6069216728210449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6002210974693298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5647197961807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture-recognition","display_name":"Gesture recognition","score":0.553446352481842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5033945441246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4838508665561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.43617919087409973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4217323064804077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8322230577468872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7339029908180237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6502870321273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.6069216728210449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6002210974693298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5647197961807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159437735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519524","display_name":"Gesture recognition","level":3,"score":0.553446352481842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5033945441246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4838508665561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43617919087409973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4217323064804077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/afgr.2004.1301601","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301601","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sixth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 2004. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.97.4871","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.97.4871","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.movesinstitute.org/~kolsch/handvu/KolschTurk2004RobustHandDetection.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1961645301","https://openalex.org/W2073039128","https://openalex.org/W2121601095","https://openalex.org/W2131063703","https://openalex.org/W2138169090","https://openalex.org/W2140818562","https://openalex.org/W2147975565","https://openalex.org/W2153746365","https://openalex.org/W2161406034","https://openalex.org/W2163965432","https://openalex.org/W2170805580","https://openalex.org/W2739698496","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W3140954725","https://openalex.org/W3214102110","https://openalex.org/W6680771700","https://openalex.org/W6685120696","https://openalex.org/W6741565869","https://openalex.org/W6804270185"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2902873204","https://openalex.org/W2185750513","https://openalex.org/W3147379364","https://openalex.org/W2010878661","https://openalex.org/W2026258298","https://openalex.org/W3204639664","https://openalex.org/W2970836791","https://openalex.org/W2805039731","https://openalex.org/W2989699735","https://openalex.org/W3174643231"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vision-based":[0],"hand":[1,9,15,41,123,136],"gesture":[2,137],"interfaces":[3],"require":[4],"fast":[5],"and":[6,26,133],"extremely":[7,121],"robust":[8,122],"detection.":[10,47],"Here,":[11],"we":[12,51,85,98,113],"study":[13],"view-specific":[14],"posture":[16],"detection":[17,108],"with":[18,29,91],"an":[19,120,127],"object":[20],"recognition":[21],"method":[22,31,56],"proposed":[23],"by":[24],"Viola":[25],"Jones.":[27],"Training":[28],"this":[30,49],"is":[32],"computationally":[33],"very":[34],"expensive,":[35],"prohibiting":[36],"the":[37,64,73,82],"evaluation":[38],"of":[39,60,103],"many":[40],"appearances":[42],"for":[43,57,66,72],"their":[44,77],"suitability":[45],"to":[46,118],"In":[48,111],"paper,":[50],"present":[52,114],"a":[53,92,115],"frequency":[54],"analysis-based":[55],"instantaneous":[58],"estimation":[59],"class":[61],"separability,":[62],"without":[63],"need":[65],"any":[67],"training.":[68],"We":[69],"built":[70],"detectors":[71],"most":[74],"promising":[75],"candidates,":[76],"receiver":[78],"operating":[79],"characteristics":[80],"confirming":[81],"estimates.":[83],"Next,":[84],"found":[86],"that":[87,100],"classification":[88],"accuracy":[89],"increases":[90],"more":[93],"expressive":[94],"feature":[95],"type.":[96],"Lastly,":[97],"show":[99],"further":[101],"optimization":[102],"training":[104],"parameters":[105],"yields":[106],"additional":[107],"rate":[109],"improvements.":[110],"summary,":[112],"systematic":[116],"approach":[117],"building":[119],"appearance":[124],"detector,":[125],"providing":[126],"important":[128],"step":[129],"towards":[130],"easily":[131],"deployable":[132],"reliable":[134],"vision-based":[135],"interfaces.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}