{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139384985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301544","title":"Performance evaluation of face recognition algorithms on asian face database","display_name":"Performance evaluation of face recognition algorithms on asian face database","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139384985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301544","mag":"2139384985"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/afgr.2004.1301544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301544","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sixth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 2004. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066556476","display_name":"Bon-Woo Hwang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bon-Woo Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Vision Research, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","[Center for Artificial Vision Res., Korea Univ., Seoul, South Korea]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Vision Research, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Center for Artificial Vision Res., Korea Univ., Seoul, South Korea]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069653755","display_name":"Myung-Cheol Roh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myung-Cheol Roh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Vision Research, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","[Center for Artificial Vision Res., Korea Univ., Seoul, South Korea]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Vision Research, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Center for Artificial Vision Res., Korea Univ., Seoul, South Korea]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011014617","display_name":"Seong\u2013Whan Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-4996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seong-Whan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Vision Research, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","[Center for Artificial Vision Res., Korea Univ., Seoul, South Korea]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Vision Research, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Center for Artificial Vision Res., Korea Univ., Seoul, South Korea]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.21,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88948899,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7667211890220642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.762111246585846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6355299949645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6293108463287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5429401993751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-illuminant","display_name":"Standard illuminant","score":0.5410856008529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","score":0.5354706645011902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.5220965147018433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.5099626779556274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.47537961602211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.45360124111175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4287967085838318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.42154067754745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4201717972755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.40909236669540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13693568110466003}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7667211890220642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.762111246585846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6355299949645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6293108463287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5429401993751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129112856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375479","display_name":"Standard illuminant","level":2,"score":0.5410856008529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.5354706645011902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.5220965147018433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.5099626779556274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.47537961602211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.45360124111175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4287967085838318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.42154067754745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4201717972755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.40909236669540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13693568110466003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/afgr.2004.1301544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301544","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sixth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 2004. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997011019","https://openalex.org/W2115689562","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2140095548","https://openalex.org/W3193477162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2388958958","https://openalex.org/W2166031825","https://openalex.org/W2918845005","https://openalex.org/W4387163326","https://openalex.org/W2040482211","https://openalex.org/W3108145925","https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W4312238398","https://openalex.org/W4308999963"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"face":[1,19,51,76,126,161],"is":[2],"one":[3],"of":[4,18,83,87,118,160],"the":[5,29,39,81,88,97,107,123,157,182],"most":[6],"common":[7],"and":[8,47,55,68,79,103,143,148,172],"useful":[9],"keys":[10],"to":[11,37,42],"a":[12,16],"person's":[13],"identity.":[14],"Although,":[15],"number":[17],"recognition":[20,77,162],"algorithms":[21,78,177],"have":[22,71,112],"been":[23,72],"proposed,":[24],"many":[25,86],"researchers":[26],"believe":[27],"that":[28],"technology":[30],"should":[31],"be":[32],"improved":[33],"further":[34],"in":[35,90],"order":[36],"overcome":[38],"instability":[40],"due":[41],"variable":[43],"illuminations,":[44],"expressions,":[45],"poses":[46],"accessories.":[48],"In":[49,152],"general,":[50],"databases":[52,91,111],"for":[53,74,139,146],"European":[54],"American":[56],"such":[57],"as":[58],"CMU":[59],"PIE":[60],"(USA),":[61,63],"FERET":[62],"AR":[64],"Face":[65],"DB":[66],"(USA)":[67],"XM2VTS":[69],"(UK)":[70],"used":[73],"training":[75],"testing":[80],"performance":[82],"those.":[84],"However,":[85],"images":[89,133],"are":[92],"not":[93,131],"adequately":[94],"annotated":[95],"with":[96],"exact":[98,149],"pose":[99],"angle,":[100],"illumination":[101],"angle":[102],"illuminant":[104],"color.":[105],"Also,":[106],"faces":[108],"on":[109,181],"these":[110],"definitely":[113],"different":[114],"characteristics":[115],"from":[116],"those":[117],"Asian.":[119],"Thus,":[120],"we":[121,155],"constructed":[122],"well-designed":[124],"Korean":[125],"database":[127],"(KFDB),":[128],"which":[129],"includes":[130],"only":[132],"but":[134],"also":[135],"ground":[136],"truth":[137],"information":[138],"facial":[140],"feature":[141,175],"points,":[142],"description":[144],"files":[145],"subjects":[147],"capture":[150],"environments.":[151],"this":[153],"paper,":[154],"report":[156],"experimental":[158],"results":[159],"performed":[163],"using":[164],"CM":[165],"(correlation":[166],"matching),":[167],"PCA":[168],"(principal":[169],"component":[170],"analysis)":[171,176],"LFA":[173],"(local":[174],"under":[178],"various":[179],"conditions":[180],"KFDB.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}