{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2977560085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/actea.2019.8851081","title":"Extrinsic dynamics and Equivalent Circuit Modeling of High-Speed VCSELs","display_name":"Extrinsic dynamics and Equivalent Circuit Modeling of High-Speed VCSELs","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2977560085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/actea.2019.8851081","mag":"2977560085"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/actea.2019.8851081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/actea.2019.8851081","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 Fourth International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for Engineering Applications (ACTEA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059236416","display_name":"Wissam Hamad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1806-0568"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wissam Hamad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Solid State Physics and Center of Nanophotonics, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Solid State Physics and Center of Nanophotonics, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039783711","display_name":"Werner Hofmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2241-5122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Werner Hofmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Solid State Physics and Center of Nanophotonics, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Solid State Physics and Center of Nanophotonics, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078947196","display_name":"Marwan Bou Sanayeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5423-9971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60770847","display_name":"Notre Dame University \u2013 Louaize","ror":"https://ror.org/030br0314","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60770847"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwan Bou Sanayeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECCE Department, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mikayel, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECCE Department, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mikayel, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60770847"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030191146","display_name":"Mustapha Hamad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8631-1760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60770847","display_name":"Notre Dame University \u2013 Louaize","ror":"https://ror.org/030br0314","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60770847"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mustapha Hamad","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECCE Department, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mikayel, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECCE Department, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mikayel, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60770847"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09679975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10913","display_name":"Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equivalent-circuit","display_name":"Equivalent circuit","score":0.8447068929672241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.6245294809341431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.5864654779434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection-coefficient","display_name":"Reflection coefficient","score":0.5713541507720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.555239737033844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasitic-extraction","display_name":"Parasitic extraction","score":0.49390870332717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4899219870567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.475501149892807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.47452273964881897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-laser-theory","display_name":"Semiconductor laser theory","score":0.45686575770378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4453860819339752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.44453251361846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4186776578426361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.35075685381889343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.29428547620773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.21636834740638733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1541244387626648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15160387754440308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.12608471512794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.07989749312400818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.07697916030883789}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23572009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964981","display_name":"Equivalent circuit","level":3,"score":0.8447068929672241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.6245294809341431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.5864654779434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41700454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1852282","display_name":"Reflection coefficient","level":2,"score":0.5713541507720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.555239737033844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159818811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7135947","display_name":"Parasitic extraction","level":2,"score":0.49390870332717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4899219870567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.475501149892807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.47452273964881897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121477167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154002","display_name":"Semiconductor laser theory","level":3,"score":0.45686575770378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4453860819339752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.44453251361846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4186776578426361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.35075685381889343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.29428547620773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.21636834740638733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1541244387626648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15160387754440308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.12608471512794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07989749312400818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.07697916030883789}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/actea.2019.8851081","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/actea.2019.8851081","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 Fourth International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for Engineering Applications (ACTEA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965305682","https://openalex.org/W1975045001","https://openalex.org/W2021309976","https://openalex.org/W2143681948","https://openalex.org/W2146236887","https://openalex.org/W2150419104","https://openalex.org/W2556659782","https://openalex.org/W2915621555","https://openalex.org/W3145505652","https://openalex.org/W6680913858"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1905216755","https://openalex.org/W2062675694","https://openalex.org/W2087608731","https://openalex.org/W2567432334","https://openalex.org/W2057028008","https://openalex.org/W2135000245","https://openalex.org/W2117283676","https://openalex.org/W3202183310","https://openalex.org/W2393144863","https://openalex.org/W2071970097"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"establish":[1],"highly":[2],"performing":[3],"vertical":[4],"cavity":[5],"surface-emitting":[6],"lasers":[7],"(VCSELs),":[8],"it":[9,96],"is":[10,27],"essential":[11],"to":[12],"have":[13],"an":[14,40],"adequate":[15],"understanding":[16],"of":[17,22,63,79,109],"the":[18,45,61,68,76,85,98,102,106,110],"intrinsic":[19,46],"laser":[20],"dynamics":[21],"these":[23],"devices.":[24],"However,":[25],"this":[26,50],"done":[28],"while":[29],"bearing":[30],"in":[31,37,43,60],"mind":[32],"that":[33,70],"extrinsic":[34],"parasitic":[35,56,107],"elements":[36],"VCSELs":[38],"play":[39],"important":[41],"role":[42],"limiting":[44],"modulation":[47],"bandwidth.":[48],"In":[49],"paper,":[51],"we":[52],"analyse":[53],"different":[54],"electrical":[55],"equivalent":[57,111],"circuit":[58,112],"models":[59],"aim":[62],"comparing":[64],"them":[65],"and":[66,74,94],"selecting":[67],"one":[69],"can":[71],"best":[72],"describe":[73],"represent":[75],"physical":[77],"properties":[78],"our":[80],"high-performance":[81],"VCSELs.":[82],"Through":[83],"measuring":[84],"microwave":[86],"reflection":[87],"coefficient":[88],"S":[89],"<sub":[90],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[91],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">11</sub>":[92],"(f)":[93],"fitting":[95],"into":[97],"calculated":[99],"counterpart":[100],"from":[101],"equivalent-circuit":[103],"impedance":[104],"model,":[105],"components":[108],"model":[113],"are":[114],"extracted.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}