{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131257231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acsac67867.2025.00085","title":"XPOZ-HUB: Privacy Infiltration in Payment Channel Hubs through Balance Probing and Transaction Discovery","display_name":"XPOZ-HUB: Privacy Infiltration in Payment Channel Hubs through Balance Probing and Transaction Discovery","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131257231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acsac67867.2025.00085"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/acsac67867.2025.00085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acsac67867.2025.00085","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019784196","display_name":"Alvi Ataur Khalil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-111X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110378019","display_name":"Southern Illinois University Carbondale","ror":"https://ror.org/049kefs16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110378019","https://openalex.org/I2801502357"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alvi Ataur Khalil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC),Computer Science,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC),Computer Science,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110378019"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100648380","display_name":"Mohammad Ashiqur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2963-7430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Ashiqur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019784196"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110378019"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88652165,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1051","last_page":"1064"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.20170000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.20170000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.1923000067472458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.14309999346733093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.6855999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6164000034332275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.5551000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"Confidentiality","score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.39879998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.37130001187324524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6858000159263611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.6855999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6664000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6164000034332275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.5551000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.39879998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.37130001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.31949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114809511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412924","display_name":"Flow network","level":2,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127722929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7833714","display_name":"Transaction data","level":3,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/acsac67867.2025.00085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acsac67867.2025.00085","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480909796","https://openalex.org/W1481397690","https://openalex.org/W1486132939","https://openalex.org/W1936354298","https://openalex.org/W2005708967","https://openalex.org/W2023759104","https://openalex.org/W2026125863","https://openalex.org/W2137351629","https://openalex.org/W2153504150","https://openalex.org/W2613637871","https://openalex.org/W2766140750","https://openalex.org/W2767101501","https://openalex.org/W2889191806","https://openalex.org/W2896372906","https://openalex.org/W2897744579","https://openalex.org/W2941465030","https://openalex.org/W2963978499","https://openalex.org/W3003347779","https://openalex.org/W3043788602","https://openalex.org/W3044383776","https://openalex.org/W3093359361","https://openalex.org/W3115931355","https://openalex.org/W3146018111","https://openalex.org/W3156083467","https://openalex.org/W3159669314","https://openalex.org/W3166682664","https://openalex.org/W4205233066","https://openalex.org/W4210737103","https://openalex.org/W4238908315","https://openalex.org/W4283722555","https://openalex.org/W4308642063","https://openalex.org/W4312767382","https://openalex.org/W4313187004","https://openalex.org/W4384948658","https://openalex.org/W4386390780","https://openalex.org/W4388193375","https://openalex.org/W4402040561","https://openalex.org/W4402263861","https://openalex.org/W4410887414"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,124],"the":[1,21,140,177,212,224,233,244,249,268],"ever-evolving":[2],"realm":[3],"of":[4,35,148],"blockchain":[5,26],"technology,":[6],"payment":[7,36,122],"channels":[8],"have":[9],"become":[10,42],"crucial":[11],"for":[12,62],"achieving":[13],"competitive":[14],"throughput.":[15],"Payment":[16,49],"channel":[17,111],"network":[18,34],"(PCN)":[19],"was":[20],"ini-tial":[22],"attempt":[23],"to":[24,76,104,110,118,135,159,179,187,252,263],"ease":[25],"congestion":[27],"by":[28,55,199,228,247],"enabling":[29],"off-chain":[30],"transactions":[31,137,216],"through":[32,79],"a":[33,57,130,146,189,254],"channels.":[37,123],"However,":[38],"routing":[39],"paths":[40],"can":[41,238],"long,":[43],"causing":[44],"high":[45,218],"fees":[46],"and":[47,83,169,206,235,257],"delays.":[48],"Channel":[50],"Hubs":[51],"(PCHs)":[52],"solve":[53],"this":[54,125,196],"using":[56],"central":[58],"entity":[59],"(aka":[60],"tumbler)":[61],"faster,":[63],"cheaper":[64],"transactions;":[65],"without":[66],"revealing":[67],"sender,":[68],"receiver,":[69],"or":[70],"amount":[71],"details.":[72],"Thus,":[73],"PCHs":[74,101,229],"aim":[75],"enhance":[77],"privacy":[78,225],"promising":[80],"relationship":[81],"anonymity":[82],"concealed":[84],"transaction":[85,94,113,203],"amounts,":[86],"which":[87,115,184],"go":[88],"beyond":[89],"base":[90],"layer":[91],"where":[92],"all":[93],"details":[95],"are":[96,102,230],"public.":[97],"Despite":[98],"these":[99],"benefits,":[100],"vulnerable":[103],"balance":[105],"discovery":[106],"attacks":[107],"(BDAs)":[108],"due":[109],"capacity-driven":[112],"processing,":[114],"is":[116,185],"fundamental":[117],"any":[119],"system":[120],"utilizing":[121],"work,":[126],"we":[127],"propose":[128],"xPOZ-HUB,":[129],"novel":[131],"attack":[132,221,245,269],"technique":[133],"designed":[134],"expose":[136],"occurring":[138],"within":[139],"PCH":[141,156,215,255,260],"system.":[142],"Our":[143],"approach":[144],"involves":[145],"set":[147],"collaborative":[149],"probers":[150],"that":[151,223],"exploit":[152],"information":[153,163],"leaks":[154],"in":[155,166,271],"response":[157],"messages":[158],"infer":[160],"sensitive":[161],"user":[162,181],"(i.e.,":[164],"balance)":[165],"an":[167],"economic":[168],"stealthy":[170],"way.":[171],"The":[172,220],"attackers":[173,213],"further":[174],"collude":[175],"with":[176,217,259],"tumbler":[178],"access":[180],"interaction":[182],"data,":[183],"leveraged":[186],"formulate":[188],"constraint":[190],"satisfaction":[191],"problem":[192],"(CSP).":[193],"By":[194],"solving":[195],"CSP,":[197],"aided":[198],"deep":[200],"learning":[201],"(DL)-based":[202],"pattern":[204],"identification":[205],"incorporating":[207],"insights":[208],"from":[209],"BDA":[210],"reconnaissance,":[211],"uncover":[214],"accuracy.":[219],"demonstrates":[222],"guar-antees":[226],"advertised":[227],"not":[231],"absolute:":[232],"unlinkability":[234],"value":[236],"confidentiality":[237],"be":[239],"systematically":[240],"undermined.":[241],"We":[242],"assessed":[243],"impact":[246],"extending":[248],"TumbleBit":[250],"protocol":[251],"create":[253],"simulator":[256],"experimented":[258],"mainnet":[261],"snapshots":[262],"illustrate":[264],"real-world":[265],"effects.":[266],"While":[267],"works":[270],"real":[272],"time":[273],"on":[274],"open":[275],"channels;":[276],"it":[277],"cannot":[278],"deanonymize":[279],"settled":[280],"transactions.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-25T21:11:00.739837","created_date":"2026-02-25T00:00:00"}
