{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2411711655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acpr.2015.7486597","title":"Offline handwritten Devanagari word recognition: Information fusion at feature and classifier levels","display_name":"Offline handwritten Devanagari word recognition: Information fusion at feature and classifier levels","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2411711655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acpr.2015.7486597","mag":"2411711655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/acpr.2015.7486597","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acpr.2015.7486597","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 3rd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition (ACPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077572406","display_name":"Bikash Shaw","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bikash Shaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090127362","display_name":"Ujjwal Bhattacharya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8546-6453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ujjwal Bhattacharya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102298363","display_name":"Swapan Kumar Parui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Swapan Kumar Parui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077572406"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3682,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71372818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"720","last_page":"724"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/devanagari","display_name":"Devanagari","score":0.9193265438079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7988849878311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7926614880561829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7603516578674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.710662841796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6789787411689758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.5607032179832458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5079053044319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4487999379634857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.364317387342453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-recognition","display_name":"Character recognition","score":0.08401226997375488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.07266709208488464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780144916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38592","display_name":"Devanagari","level":4,"score":0.9193265438079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7988849878311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7926614880561829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7603516578674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.710662841796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6789787411689758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.5607032179832458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5079053044319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4487999379634857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.364317387342453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987247673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Character recognition","level":3,"score":0.08401226997375488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.07266709208488464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/acpr.2015.7486597","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acpr.2015.7486597","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 3rd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition (ACPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1677085718","https://openalex.org/W2017787659","https://openalex.org/W2022485710","https://openalex.org/W2061289977","https://openalex.org/W2064878315","https://openalex.org/W2105842272","https://openalex.org/W2108610317","https://openalex.org/W2113960414","https://openalex.org/W2138270545","https://openalex.org/W2139700572","https://openalex.org/W2142069714","https://openalex.org/W2146850796","https://openalex.org/W2157791002","https://openalex.org/W2429914308","https://openalex.org/W2497801981","https://openalex.org/W3004533406","https://openalex.org/W6666585700","https://openalex.org/W6675783020","https://openalex.org/W6676807244","https://openalex.org/W6682953061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2244980784","https://openalex.org/W4360905860","https://openalex.org/W2167945225","https://openalex.org/W2819040622","https://openalex.org/W2981685982","https://openalex.org/W2064441507","https://openalex.org/W2316254460","https://openalex.org/W2426618597","https://openalex.org/W2811390910","https://openalex.org/W2037894656"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"our":[3],"recent":[4],"study":[5,47],"on":[6,133,150],"fusion":[7],"of":[8,19,50,81,98,101,118,142,159,167],"information":[9],"at":[10],"feature":[11,62,70,88,110,127],"and":[12,36],"classifier":[13,122],"output":[14,79,158,166],"levels":[15],"for":[16],"improved":[17],"performance":[18,114,117],"offline":[20],"handwritten":[21,136],"Devanagari":[22,137],"word":[23,138],"recognition.":[24],"We":[25,64],"consider":[26],"here":[27],"two":[28,102],"state-of-the-art":[29],"features,":[30],"viz.,":[31],"Directional":[32],"Distance":[33],"Distribution":[34],"(DDD)":[35],"Gradient-Structural-Concavity":[37],"(GSC)":[38],"features":[39,52,58,161,169],"along":[40,53],"with":[41,54,86,107,124,163],"multi-class":[42],"SVM":[43,75,83,94,121,156,165],"classifiers.":[44,76],"Here,":[45],"we":[46],"various":[48],"combinations":[49],"DDD":[51,160],"one":[55],"or":[56],"more":[57],"from":[59],"the":[60,78,99,116,125,164,171],"GSC":[61,168],"set.":[63],"experiment":[65],"by":[66,92],"presenting":[67],"different":[68,82,87,109],"combined":[69,91,126,162],"vectors":[71,80,89],"as":[72],"input":[73],"to":[74,115],"Also,":[77],"classifiers":[84],"fed":[85,106,123],"are":[90,131],"another":[93],"classifier.":[95],"The":[96,147],"combination":[97],"outputs":[100],"SVMs":[103],"each":[104],"being":[105],"a":[108,119,134],"vector":[111],"provides":[112],"superior":[113],"single":[120],"vector.":[128],"Experimental":[129],"results":[130,149],"obtained":[132],"large":[135],"sample":[139],"image":[140],"database":[141],"100":[143],"Indian":[144],"town":[145],"names.":[146],"recognition":[148,157,173],"its":[151],"test":[152],"samples":[153],"show":[154],"that":[155],"improves":[170],"final":[172],"accuracy":[174],"significantly.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}