{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2414269639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acpr.2015.7486489","title":"An improved segmentation of online English handwritten text using recurrent neural networks","display_name":"An improved segmentation of online English handwritten text using recurrent neural networks","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2414269639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acpr.2015.7486489","mag":"2414269639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/acpr.2015.7486489","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acpr.2015.7486489","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 3rd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition (ACPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051858279","display_name":"Cuong Tuan Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-9191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92614990","display_name":"Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qg0kr10","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cuong Tuan Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014835275","display_name":"Masaki Nakagawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7872-156X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92614990","display_name":"Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qg0kr10","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masaki Nakagawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051858279"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1841,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62925865,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":null,"first_page":"176","last_page":"180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8384876251220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7847892045974731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6377182602882385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.623369038105011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5781353712081909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5534951686859131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.5118665099143982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.49615034461021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.47430136799812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4356677532196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.422759473323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting-recognition","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","score":0.4112923741340637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.29796427488327026}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8384876251220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7847892045974731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6377182602882385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.623369038105011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5781353712081909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5534951686859131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5118665099143982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.49615034461021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47430136799812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4356677532196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.422759473323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112640561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2440634","display_name":"Handwriting recognition","level":3,"score":0.4112923741340637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.29796427488327026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/acpr.2015.7486489","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acpr.2015.7486489","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 3rd IAPR Asian Conference on Pattern Recognition (ACPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1547701650","https://openalex.org/W1979498287","https://openalex.org/W2012616030","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2066235823","https://openalex.org/W2074267022","https://openalex.org/W2079735306","https://openalex.org/W2115675483","https://openalex.org/W2142069714","https://openalex.org/W2144050596","https://openalex.org/W2152550252","https://openalex.org/W2164331655","https://openalex.org/W6632694911","https://openalex.org/W6645284558"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4298287631","https://openalex.org/W2953061907","https://openalex.org/W1847088711","https://openalex.org/W4225394202","https://openalex.org/W3036642985","https://openalex.org/W3032952384","https://openalex.org/W3017902212","https://openalex.org/W2964335273","https://openalex.org/W2982145560","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Segmentation":[0],"of":[1,14,26,36,57,71,80,84,90],"online":[2,72],"handwritten":[3,38,73],"text":[4,75],"recognition":[5,70,88],"is":[6],"better":[7],"to":[8,53,78],"employ":[9],"the":[10,55,65,68,91],"dependency":[11],"on":[12],"context":[13,46],"strokes":[15],"written":[16],"before":[17],"and":[18,50],"after":[19],"it.":[20],"This":[21],"paper":[22],"shows":[23],"an":[24],"application":[25],"Bidirectional":[27],"Long":[28],"Short-term":[29],"Memory":[30],"recurrent":[31],"neural":[32],"networks":[33,42],"for":[34],"segmentation":[35,58],"on-line":[37],"English":[39,74],"text.":[40],"The":[41],"allow":[43],"incorporating":[44],"long-range":[45],"from":[47,99],"both":[48],"forward":[49],"backward":[51],"directions":[52],"improve":[54],"confident":[56],"over":[59],"uncertainty.":[60],"We":[61],"show":[62],"that":[63],"applying":[64],"method":[66],"in":[67],"semi-incremental":[69],"reduces":[76],"up":[77],"62%":[79],"waiting":[81],"time,":[82],"50%":[83],"processing":[85],"time.":[86],"Moreover,":[87],"rate":[89],"system":[92],"also":[93],"improves":[94],"remarkably":[95],"by":[96],"3":[97],"points":[98],"71.7%.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}