{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3189062941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acii52823.2021.9597452","title":"Guidelines for Assessing and Minimizing Risks of Emotion Recognition Applications","display_name":"Guidelines for Assessing and Minimizing Risks of Emotion Recognition Applications","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3189062941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acii52823.2021.9597452","mag":"3189062941"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/acii52823.2021.9597452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acii52823.2021.9597452","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 9th International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022316351","display_name":"Javier Hernandez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9504-5217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier Hernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030213892","display_name":"Josh Lovejoy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josh Lovejoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100681741","display_name":"Daniel McDuff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-0082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel McDuff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072651383","display_name":"Jina Suh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7646-5563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jina Suh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091153129","display_name":"Tim O'brien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8693-5736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim O'Brien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111775651","display_name":"Arathi Sethumadhavan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arathi Sethumadhavan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038619639","display_name":"Gretchen Greene","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2302-9442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gretchen Greene","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087366916","display_name":"Rosalind W. Picard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5661-0022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rosalind Picard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020340631","display_name":"Mary Czerwinski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0881-401X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Czerwinski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Microsoft, Redmond, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harm","display_name":"Harm","score":0.6330820322036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agency","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","score":0.5828391313552856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5784407258033752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"Emotion recognition","score":0.5728200674057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position-paper","display_name":"Position paper","score":0.49581584334373474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.48781731724739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4821576476097107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4537305533885956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3812809884548187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26207906007766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.24654239416122437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.12743327021598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.11854809522628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.08055040240287781}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.6330820322036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5828391313552856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5784407258033752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.5728200674057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78780964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7233193","display_name":"Position paper","level":2,"score":0.49581584334373474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.48781731724739075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4821576476097107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4537305533885956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3812809884548187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26207906007766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24654239416122437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.12743327021598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.11854809522628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.08055040240287781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/acii52823.2021.9597452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acii52823.2021.9597452","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 9th International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1595126664","https://openalex.org/W1975238145","https://openalex.org/W1984554603","https://openalex.org/W2018543616","https://openalex.org/W2037840784","https://openalex.org/W2054179735","https://openalex.org/W2065001769","https://openalex.org/W2080275653","https://openalex.org/W2085435066","https://openalex.org/W2103153725","https://openalex.org/W2118440411","https://openalex.org/W2123466031","https://openalex.org/W2124002192","https://openalex.org/W2150937027","https://openalex.org/W2155002669","https://openalex.org/W2175871571","https://openalex.org/W2339343773","https://openalex.org/W2345356450","https://openalex.org/W2565579298","https://openalex.org/W2604506045","https://openalex.org/W2604576963","https://openalex.org/W2728466526","https://openalex.org/W2788481061","https://openalex.org/W2790831573","https://openalex.org/W2799032265","https://openalex.org/W2900358852","https://openalex.org/W2904966308","https://openalex.org/W2907374781","https://openalex.org/W2908543495","https://openalex.org/W2912483755","https://openalex.org/W2915268314","https://openalex.org/W2916904544","https://openalex.org/W2952475558","https://openalex.org/W2964338037","https://openalex.org/W2977709373","https://openalex.org/W3082167223","https://openalex.org/W3132369942","https://openalex.org/W3133752603","https://openalex.org/W4240224338","https://openalex.org/W4290610135","https://openalex.org/W6748382702","https://openalex.org/W6748571086","https://openalex.org/W6753275763","https://openalex.org/W6759596746"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3203175338","https://openalex.org/W2356901839","https://openalex.org/W3209501579","https://openalex.org/W2497114785","https://openalex.org/W3167258865","https://openalex.org/W2969547062","https://openalex.org/W4283162910","https://openalex.org/W2803806723","https://openalex.org/W4245578471","https://openalex.org/W4250833027"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Society":[0],"has":[1],"witnessed":[2],"a":[3],"rapid":[4],"increase":[5],"in":[6,41,47,54],"the":[7,34,57,81,96,105,123],"adoption":[8],"of":[9,12,33,84,93,95,104,108,141],"commercial":[10,99],"uses":[11],"emotion":[13,70,86,127,142],"recognition.":[14,143],"Tools":[15],"that":[16],"were":[17],"traditionally":[18],"used":[19,26],"by":[20,27,111,126],"domain":[21],"experts":[22],"are":[23,30],"now":[24],"being":[25],"individuals":[28],"who":[29],"often":[31],"unaware":[32],"technology\u2019s":[35],"limitations":[36],"and":[37,49,67,74,101,121,137],"may":[38],"use":[39],"them":[40],"potentially":[42],"harmful":[43],"settings.":[44],"The":[45],"change":[46],"scale":[48],"agency,":[50],"paired":[51],"with":[52],"gaps":[53],"regulation,":[55],"urge":[56],"research":[58],"community":[59],"to":[60,72],"rethink":[61],"how":[62],"we":[63,113],"design,":[64],"position,":[65],"implement":[66],"ultimately":[68],"deploy":[69],"recognition":[71,128],"anticipate":[73],"minimize":[75],"potential":[76,106,135],"risks.":[77],"To":[78],"help":[79,133],"understand":[80],"current":[82],"ecosystem":[83],"applied":[85],"recognition,":[87],"this":[88],"work":[89],"provides":[90],"an":[91],"overview":[92],"some":[94,103],"most":[97],"frequent":[98],"applications":[100],"identifies":[102],"sources":[107],"harm.":[109],"Informed":[110],"these,":[112],"then":[114],"propose":[115],"12":[116],"guidelines":[117,131],"for":[118],"systematically":[119],"assessing":[120],"reducing":[122],"risks":[124],"presented":[125],"applications.":[129],"These":[130],"can":[132],"identify":[134],"misuses":[136],"inform":[138],"future":[139],"deployments":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}