{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7169564325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3714717","title":"Voltage-Based Faulty Section Identification in Rural Networks: Addressing IBR Integration and SWER Circuit Challenges","display_name":"Voltage-Based Faulty Section Identification in Rural Networks: Addressing IBR Integration and SWER Circuit Challenges","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7169564325","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3714717"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3714717","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3714717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3714717","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113299175","display_name":"Francisco Abreu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127128","display_name":"Instituto Federal do Piau\u00ed","ror":"https://ror.org/033qmpy33","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127128"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Carlos Moreira Abreu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal Institute of Piau\u00ed (IFPI)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3495-9837","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Institute of Piau\u00ed (IFPI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052544532","display_name":"Vin\u00edcius Ponte Machado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3391-8443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3121799822","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Piau\u00ed","ror":"https://ror.org/00kwnx126","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vinicius Ponte Machado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Piau\u00ed (UFPI)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3391-8443","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piau\u00ed (UFPI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061370797","display_name":"Ricardo A. L. Rab\u00ealo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1482-6404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3121799822","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Piau\u00ed","ror":"https://ror.org/00kwnx126","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo De Andrade Lira Rabelo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Piau\u00ed (UFPI)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1482-6404","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piau\u00ed (UFPI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016919481","display_name":"Ricardo A. S. Fernandes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-6505"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Augusto Souza Fernandes","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of S\u00e3o Paulo"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-6505","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of S\u00e3o Paulo","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141081952","display_name":"Aryfrance R. Almeida","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3121799822","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Piau\u00ed","ror":"https://ror.org/00kwnx126","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aryfrance Rocha Almeida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Piau\u00ed (UFPI)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0018-9320","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Piau\u00ed (UFPI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121799822"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113299174","display_name":"JOS\u00c9 CARLOS SILVA FILHO","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4913-6956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018325552","display_name":"Instituto Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/02225fd27","country_code":"BR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018325552"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose Carlos Correia Lima Da Silva Filho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal Institute of Cear\u00e1 (IFCE)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4913-6956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal Institute of Cear\u00e1 (IFCE)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018325552"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85785129,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"110637","last_page":"110654"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.6463000178337097,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":0.6463000178337097,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12737","display_name":"Electrical Fault Detection and Protection","score":0.17949999868869781,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.038600001484155655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.7218000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/section","display_name":"Section (typography)","score":0.6550999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.32519999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.24879999458789825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7218000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6735000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780129039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931107","display_name":"Section (typography)","level":2,"score":0.6550999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.32519999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2671999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2508000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.24879999458789825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.24719999730587006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993458768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3477549","display_name":"Special section","level":2,"score":0.2395000010728836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3714717","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3714717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c1dd63904b984258ac1391ed6e80e62a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c1dd63904b984258ac1391ed6e80e62a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 110637-110654 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3714717","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3714717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Faulty":[0],"section":[1],"identification":[2],"in":[3,12,63,252,285],"rural":[4,33,287],"distribution":[5,64],"networks":[6],"is":[7,163,170],"a":[8,29,54,173,180,226,240,268],"major":[9,103],"challenge,":[10],"particularly":[11],"systems":[13,27],"integrated":[14],"with":[15,267,289],"Inverter-Based":[16],"Resources":[17],"(IBRs)":[18],"and":[19,38,48,56,95,112,146,165,213,219],"Single-Wire":[20],"Earth":[21],"Return":[22],"(SWER)":[23],"circuits.":[24],"Although":[25],"SWER":[26,74,253],"are":[28,131,140],"cost-effective":[30],"solution":[31],"for":[32,282],"electrification,":[34],"their":[35],"intrinsic":[36],"asymmetry":[37],"ground":[39],"return":[40],"path":[41],"hinder":[42],"the":[43,68,92,96,121,128,143,153,157,166,189,206,233,262,279],"performance":[44],"of":[45,98,102,123,230,272],"conventional":[46],"protection":[47],"localization":[49],"techniques.":[50],"This":[51,105],"paper":[52],"proposes":[53],"robust":[55,241],"low-computational-cost":[57],"approach":[58,107,224],"to":[59],"identify":[60],"faulty":[61],"sections":[62],"networks,":[65],"specifically":[66],"addressing":[67],"severe":[69],"data":[70,199],"imbalance":[71],"introduced":[72],"by":[73,119,134,172],"segments.":[75],"The":[76,138,223],"strategy":[77],"relies":[78],"exclusively":[79],"on":[80,179,232],"voltage":[81],"measurements":[82],"from":[83],"Waveform":[84],"Measurement":[85],"Units":[86],"(WMUs),":[87],"leveraging":[88],"pre-existing":[89],"infrastructure":[90],"at":[91,127],"main":[93],"substation":[94],"Points":[97],"Common":[99],"Coupling":[100],"(PCC)":[101],"IBRs.":[104],"voltage-only":[106],"significantly":[108],"reduces":[109],"implementation":[110],"costs":[111],"makes":[113],"these":[114],"sparse":[115],"connection":[116],"points":[117],"viable":[118],"circumventing":[120],"unreliability":[122],"fault":[124],"currents":[125],"measured":[126],"PCC,":[129],"which":[130],"strictly":[132],"suppressed":[133],"IBR":[135],"control":[136],"strategies.":[137],"signals":[139],"processed":[141],"using":[142],"Clarke":[144],"Transform":[145,149],"Discrete":[147],"Wavelet":[148],"(DWT).":[150],"To":[151,201],"overcome":[152],"minority":[154],"class":[155],"negligence,":[156],"Synthetic":[158],"Minority":[159],"Over-sampling":[160],"Technique":[161],"(SMOTE)":[162],"applied,":[164],"balanced":[167],"feature":[168],"space":[169],"evaluated":[171],"Multi-layer":[174],"Perceptron":[175],"(MLP)":[176],"classifier.":[177],"Validated":[178],"modified":[181],"IEEE":[182],"34-bus":[183],"feeder":[184],"under":[185,244],"2,800":[186],"simulated":[187],"scenarios,":[188],"model":[190],"was":[191,208],"trained":[192],"employing":[193],"30":[194,245],"dB":[195,221,246],"Signal-to-Noise":[196],"Ratio":[197],"(SNR)":[198],"augmentation.":[200],"ensure":[202],"strict":[203],"field":[204],"readiness,":[205],"methodology":[207],"rigorously":[209],"stress-tested":[210],"across":[211],"clean":[212,235],"noisy":[214],"operational":[215],"conditions":[216],"(20,":[217],"30,":[218],"40":[220],"SNR).":[222],"achieved":[225],"peak":[227],"overall":[228],"accuracy":[229,243,266],"98.57%,":[231],"unseen":[234],"test":[236],"set,":[237],"while":[238],"maintaining":[239],"88.29%":[242],"SNR":[247],"conditions,":[248],"ensuring":[249],"flawless":[250],"recall":[251],"sections.":[254],"Furthermore,":[255],"benchmarking":[256],"against":[257],"advanced":[258],"classifiers":[259],"proved":[260],"that":[261],"MLP":[263],"provides":[264],"superior":[265],"microsecond-level":[269],"inference":[270],"latency":[271],"just":[273],"0.0196":[274],"ms.":[275],"These":[276],"results":[277],"demonstrate":[278],"method’s":[280],"feasibility":[281],"real-time":[283],"deployment":[284],"smart":[286],"grids":[288],"limited":[290],"sensing":[291],"infrastructure.":[292]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-25T05:54:39.514286","created_date":"2026-07-18T00:00:00"}