{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7167478513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3710541","title":"Graph-Enhanced Critic Learning for Cooperative Spectrum Access in Multi-UAV Cognitive Radio Networks","display_name":"Graph-Enhanced Critic Learning for Cooperative Spectrum Access in Multi-UAV Cognitive Radio Networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7167478513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3710541"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3710541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3710541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3710541","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101010068","display_name":"Changjing Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7593-8420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changjing Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1530-3438","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100338337","display_name":"Zi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-1406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenhua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Support Force Engineering University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Support Force Engineering University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140100537","display_name":"Yangzhi Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangzhi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Support Force Engineering University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Support Force Engineering University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140132859","display_name":"Jun Deng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Support Force Engineering University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Support Force Engineering University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423614","display_name":"Song Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0341-3428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Support Force Engineering University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Support Force Engineering University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140112265","display_name":"Yixue Wei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixue Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Support Force Engineering University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Support Force Engineering University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103168713","display_name":"Jingjing Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3220-621X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158522","display_name":"PLA Academy of Military Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05ct4s596","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingjing Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Military Science, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Military Science, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9334818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"102067","last_page":"102073"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.5006999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.5006999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.2003999948501587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.054099999368190765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.8075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","score":0.3971000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-networks","display_name":"Radio networks","score":0.35989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-systems","display_name":"Cognitive systems","score":0.30570000410079956}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.8075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156778621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365748","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","level":2,"score":0.3971000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989466925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061197","display_name":"Radio networks","level":4,"score":0.35989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986342778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Cognitive systems","level":3,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51675839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665681","display_name":"Intelligent Network","level":2,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.25940001010894775}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3710541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3710541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:36cada17f9af496fb17c29b270c5d70f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/36cada17f9af496fb17c29b270c5d70f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 102067-102073 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3710541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3710541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cooperative":[0],"spectrum":[1],"access":[2],"in":[3],"multi-UAV":[4],"cognitive":[5],"radio":[6],"networks":[7],"requires":[8],"decentralized":[9,31,72],"control":[10,157],"under":[11],"dynamic":[12],"primary-user":[13],"activity,":[14],"interference":[15],"coupling,":[16],"and":[17,47,96,117,133,144,158,164],"partial":[18],"observability.":[19],"Standard":[20],"multi-agent":[21,111],"deep":[22],"deterministic":[23],"policy":[24],"gradient":[25],"(MADDPG)":[26],"follows":[27],"centralized":[28,35,60],"training":[29],"with":[30,123,161],"execution,":[32],"but":[33],"its":[34],"critic":[36,61,88,127,150],"usually":[37],"processes":[38],"the":[39,81,124],"joint":[40],"state-action":[41],"context":[42],"as":[43,168],"a":[44,58,76],"flat":[45],"vector":[46],"therefore":[48],"does":[49],"not":[50],"explicitly":[51],"encode":[52],"inter-UAV":[53],"topology.":[54],"This":[55],"paper":[56],"proposes":[57],"graph-enhanced":[59,149],"that":[62,148],"injects":[63],"topology-aware":[64],"relational":[65],"embeddings":[66],"into":[67],"value":[68],"estimation":[69],"while":[70,121],"leaving":[71],"actors":[73],"unchanged.":[74],"Under":[75],"unified":[77],"eight-seed":[78],"dynamic-spectrum":[79],"protocol,":[80],"weighted":[82],"radial":[83],"basis":[84],"function":[85],"(weighted-RBF)":[86],"graph":[87,126],"improves":[89,129],"mean":[90],"reward":[91,116,130],"from":[92,100],"4238.63":[93],"to":[94,102,105,131,137],"4346.55":[95],"reduces":[97],"collision":[98,119,135,156],"rate":[99,136],"0.1004":[101],"0.0383":[103],"relative":[104],"vanilla":[106],"MADDPG.":[107],"A":[108],"stronger":[109],"TD3-style":[110],"baseline":[112],"(MATD3)":[113],"reaches":[114],"4348.47":[115],"0.0495":[118],"rate,":[120],"MATD3":[122],"weighted-RBF":[125],"further":[128],"4379.29":[132],"lowers":[134],"0.0346.":[138],"Additional":[139],"topology":[140],"ablation,":[141],"high-interference,":[142],"complexity,":[143],"scalability":[145],"analyses":[146],"show":[147],"learning":[151],"is":[152],"most":[153],"useful":[154],"for":[155],"interference-heavy":[159],"operation,":[160],"centralized-training":[162],"overhead":[163],"dense":[165],"16-secondary-user":[166],"settings":[167],"practical":[169],"limitations.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T09:13:05.818461","created_date":"2026-07-07T00:00:00"}