{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164591321","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3702972","title":"A Narrowband Fully-Analog Multi-Antenna Transmitter","display_name":"A Narrowband Fully-Analog Multi-Antenna Transmitter","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164591321","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3702972"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3702972","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3702972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3702972","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072326730","display_name":"Nikola Zlatanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6828-3308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116741","display_name":"Innopolis University","ror":"https://ror.org/02b7jh107","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116741"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nikola Zlatanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Innopolis University, Innopolis, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6828-3308","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innopolis University, Innopolis, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116741"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072326730"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116741"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8594573,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"91023","last_page":"91042"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.34049999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.34049999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.0625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.05869999900460243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrowband","display_name":"Narrowband","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5291000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.2563000023365021}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5291000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5160999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3646000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.32519999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147788027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2718101","display_name":"Band-pass filter","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3702972","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3702972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2602.03718","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.03718","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.03718","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8884fabd8b024137802b5a754a6c103d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8884fabd8b024137802b5a754a6c103d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 91023-91042 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3702972","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3702972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6485409140586853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6652617882","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"24-41-02023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","funder_display_name":"Russian Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324099","display_name":"Russian Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03y2gwe85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,12,35,47,97,102,113,119,123,139,185,246,269,272],"narrowband":[4,13,273],"fully-analogN-antenna":[5],"transmitter":[6,23,222],"that":[7],"emulates":[8],"the":[9,20,62,70,74,129,145,157,196,201,213,219,234,242],"functionality":[10],"of":[11,153,181,218,278],"fully-digitalN-antenna":[14],"transmitter.":[15,275],"Specifically,":[16],"in":[17,46],"symbol":[18],"intervalm,":[19],"proposed":[21,220],"fully-analog":[22,221,243,274],"synthesizes":[24],"an":[25,227,257],"arbitrary":[26],"complex":[27],"excitation":[28],"vectorx[m]\u2208":[29],"CNwith":[30],"prescribed":[31],"total":[32],"power":[33,83,152,217,239,250],"\u2225x[m]\u222522=Pfrom":[34],"single":[36],"coherent":[37],"RF":[38,82],"tone,":[39],"using":[40],"only":[41],"tunable":[42,135,179],"phase-control":[43,198],"elements":[44],"embedded":[45],"passive":[48],"interferometric":[49,162],"programmable":[50,53],"network.":[51],"The":[52,91,171,252],"network":[54,75,263],"is":[55,77,94,295],"excited":[56],"through":[57],"one":[58],"input":[59,64],"port":[60],"while":[61],"remainingN\u22121":[63],"ports":[65,86],"are":[66,254,266],"impedance":[67],"matched.":[68],"In":[69],"ideal":[71],"lossless":[72],"case,":[73],"transfer":[76],"unitary":[78,98,103],"and":[79,118,138,183,223,260,265,291],"therefore":[80],"redistributes":[81],"among":[84],"antenna":[85],"without":[87],"dissipative":[88],"amplitude":[89],"control.":[90],"synthesis":[92],"task":[93],"posed":[95],"as":[96,268,282],"state-preparation":[99],"problem:":[100],"program":[101],"family":[104],"so":[105],"thatV(\u03c6[m])e1=c[m],":[106],"wherec[m]=x[m]/":[107],"\u221aPand":[108],"\u2225c[m]\u22252=":[109],"1.":[110],"We":[111],"provide":[112],"constructive,":[114],"parameter-minimal":[115],"split-then-phase":[116],"realization":[117],"closed-form":[120],"programming":[121],"rule:":[122],"balanced":[124],"binary":[125],"magnitude-splitting":[126],"tree":[127,159],"allocates":[128],"desired":[130],"per-antenna":[131],"magnitudes":[132],"|cn|":[133],"usingN\u22121":[134],"split":[136],"ratios,":[137],"perantenna":[140],"output":[141],"phase":[142,149,284],"bank":[143],"assigns":[144],"target":[146],"phases":[147],"usingNtunable":[148],"shifts.":[150],"ForNa":[151],"two":[154],"(N=":[155],"2L),":[156],"magnitude":[158],"usesN\u2212":[160],"1":[161,177],"2":[163,165],"\u00d7":[164],"fanout":[166],"cells":[167],"arranged":[168],"inL=":[169],"log2Nlayers.":[170],"resulting":[172],"architecture":[173,244],"uses":[174],"exactly":[175],"2N\u2212":[176],"real":[178],"degrees":[180],"freedom":[182],"admits":[184],"deterministicO(N)programming":[186],"procedure":[187],"with":[188],"no":[189],"iterative":[190],"optimization,":[191],"enabling":[192],"symbol-by-symbol":[193],"updates":[194],"when":[195],"chosen":[197],"technology":[199],"supports":[200],"required":[202],"tuning":[203],"speed.":[204],"Using":[205],"representative":[206],"commercial":[207],"off-the-shelf":[208],"(COTS)":[209],"components,":[210],"we":[211],"model":[212,264],"compute-excluded":[214],"RF-front-end":[215,238],"DC":[216],"compare":[224],"it":[225],"against":[226],"equivalent":[228],"COTS":[229],"fully-digital":[230],"array.":[231],"ForN\u2264":[232],"16,":[233],"comparison":[235],"indicates":[236],"significant":[237],"savings":[240],"for":[241,271],"under":[245,256],"common":[247],"delivered":[248],"antenna-port":[249],"normalization.":[251],"results":[253],"established":[255],"ideal,":[258],"lossless,":[259],"perfectly":[261],"matched":[262],"intended":[267],"proof-of-concept":[270],"Detailed":[276],"treatment":[277],"hardware":[279],"non-idealities":[280],"such":[281],"finite":[283],"resolution,":[285],"tuning-dependent":[286],"loss/imbalance,":[287],"parasitics,":[288],"calibration":[289],"procedures,":[290],"overthe-":[292],"air":[293],"validation":[294],"left":[296],"to":[297],"future":[298],"experimental":[299],"work.":[300]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-06-13T00:00:00"}
