{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163340623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3699566","title":"Robust Peak Shaving in Residential PV\u2013Battery Systems Using Forecast-Free Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Robust Peak Shaving in Residential PV\u2013Battery Systems Using Forecast-Free Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163340623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3699566"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3699566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3699566","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3699566","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055682196","display_name":"Ahmed Chiheb Ammari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9939-1624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47818738","display_name":"Sultan Qaboos University","ror":"https://ror.org/04wq8zb47","country_code":"OM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47818738"]}],"countries":["OM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Chiheb Ammari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9939-1624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47818738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036980595","display_name":"Amine Lahyani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2044-3955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179097149","display_name":"University of Carthage","ror":"https://ror.org/057x6za15","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179097149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110695","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Tunis Carthage","ror":"https://ror.org/01xf5pq20","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110695"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amine Lahyani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, INSAT, Carthage University, Tunis, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2044-3955","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, INSAT, Carthage University, Tunis, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179097149","https://openalex.org/I4210110695"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137733608","display_name":"Majdi Mansouri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6390-4304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47818738","display_name":"Sultan Qaboos University","ror":"https://ror.org/04wq8zb47","country_code":"OM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47818738"]}],"countries":["OM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Majdi Mansouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6390-4304","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47818738"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61333425,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"88957","last_page":"88976"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.257999986410141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.257999986410141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.18080000579357147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.10279999673366547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.42289999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.3926999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-management","display_name":"Load management","score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.30489999055862427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.42289999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.3926999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357554","display_name":"Load management","level":2,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31531917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915157","display_name":"Robust control","level":3,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.28630000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.2635999917984009}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3699566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3699566","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a09254558343494e9041c1e758011baa","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a09254558343494e9041c1e758011baa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 88957-88976 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3699566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3699566","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Residential":[0],"photovoltaic":[1],"(PV)":[2],"systems":[3,9],"with":[4,166,173,247],"behind-the-meter":[5],"battery":[6,136],"energy":[7,40,94],"storage":[8],"can":[10],"reduce":[11],"electricity":[12],"costs":[13],"under":[14,58,102,188,323],"time-of-use":[15],"and":[16,54,68,80,115,149,169,203,206,233,315],"demand-charge":[17,103,324],"tariffs.":[18,104,325],"However,":[19],"effective":[20],"control":[21,165,172],"remains":[22,238],"challenging":[23],"because":[24],"monthly":[25,207,262,269,290],"demand":[26,202],"charges":[27],"are":[28],"often":[29],"determined":[30],"by":[31,38,47,222,272],"short-duration":[32],"on-peak":[33,131,258],"grid-import":[34,132],"events":[35],"rather":[36,293],"than":[37,294],"average":[39],"consumption.":[41],"This":[42,83,142],"challenge":[43],"is":[44,157],"further":[45,283],"amplified":[46],"residential":[48,92,320],"load":[49,119],"variability,":[50],"uncertain":[51],"PV":[52,121],"generation,":[53],"nonstationary":[55],"peak":[56,100,271,321],"timing,":[57],"which":[59],"forecast-dependent":[60],"controllers":[61],"may":[62],"degrade":[63],"after":[64],"deployment.":[65],"Existing":[66],"rule-based":[67],"forecast-driven":[69],"strategies":[70],"also":[71],"remain":[72],"sensitive":[73],"to":[74,128,225,243,275,297],"manually":[75,150],"tuned":[76,151],"rules,":[77],"forecasting":[78],"errors,":[79],"deployment":[81,189],"shifts.":[82,190],"paper":[84],"proposes":[85],"a":[86,178,285,298,313],"forecast-free":[87,308],"reinforcement":[88,309],"learning":[89,310],"controller":[90,106,215,241,311],"for":[91,98,138,318],"PV\u2013battery":[93],"management,":[95],"explicitly":[96],"designed":[97],"robust":[99,319],"shaving":[101,322],"The":[105,154,191],"operates":[107],"in":[108,201,256,289],"closed":[109],"loop":[110],"using":[111],"only":[112],"instantaneous":[113],"measurements":[114],"time":[116],"features,":[117],"without":[118],"or":[120],"forecasts.":[122],"It":[123],"employs":[124],"demand-aware":[125],"reward":[126],"shaping":[127],"penalize":[129],"incremental":[130],"increases":[133],"while":[134],"preserving":[135],"flexibility":[137],"late":[139,255],"critical":[140,252],"peaks.":[141],"design":[143],"reduces":[144,216,266],"reliance":[145],"on":[146],"forecast":[147],"quality":[148],"dispatch":[152],"rules.":[153],"proposed":[155,214,307],"method":[156],"evaluated":[158],"against":[159],"optimization-based":[160],"baselines,":[161],"including":[162],"model":[163,170],"predictive":[164,171],"perfect":[167],"information":[168],"simple":[174],"persistence":[175],"forecasts,":[176],"within":[177],"train-once,":[179],"evaluate-many":[180],"framework":[181],"that":[182,305],"separates":[183],"nominal":[184,194,211],"performance":[185,250],"from":[186],"robustness":[187],"evaluation":[192],"covers":[193],"operation,":[195],"daily":[196,219],"stress-day":[197,232],"scenarios,":[198],"structured":[199],"perturbations":[200],"peak-window":[204],"definitions,":[205],"billing-period":[208],"replay.":[209],"Under":[210,231],"conditions,":[212,235],"the":[213,217,226,239,244,257,261,267,276,306],"mean":[218,268],"total":[220],"cost":[221],"20.3%":[223],"relative":[224,274],"practical":[227,240,277,314],"forecast-based":[228,278],"MPC":[229,279],"baseline.":[230,280],"deployment-shift":[234],"it":[236,265],"consistently":[237],"closest":[242],"perfect-information":[245],"benchmark,":[246],"particularly":[248],"strong":[249],"when":[251],"peaks":[253],"occur":[254],"window.":[259],"At":[260],"billing":[263,270],"horizon,":[264],"28.43%":[273],"Distributional":[281],"analysis":[282],"confirms":[284],"systematic":[286],"downward":[287],"shift":[288],"bill":[291],"outcomes":[292],"improvements":[295],"limited":[296],"few":[299],"favorable":[300],"cases.":[301],"These":[302],"results":[303],"demonstrate":[304],"provides":[312],"deployment-oriented":[316],"solution":[317]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2026-06-04T00:00:00"}
