{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161720348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3694712","title":"Zero-Jitter Multi-Channel ASCON-AEAD128 Gateway on FPGA SoC for Safety-Critical IIoT","display_name":"Zero-Jitter Multi-Channel ASCON-AEAD128 Gateway on FPGA SoC for Safety-Critical IIoT","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161720348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3694712"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3694712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3694712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3694712","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136487383","display_name":"Yourak Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155671955","display_name":"Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01xb4fs50","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155671955","https://openalex.org/I27494661","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yourak Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Nuclear System Integrity Sensing and Diagnosis, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-257X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Nuclear System Integrity Sensing and Diagnosis, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155671955"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052834208","display_name":"Sangook Moon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-1887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133486578","display_name":"Mokwon University","ror":"https://ror.org/01whq8m38","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133486578"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sangook Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Mokwon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0290-1887","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Mokwon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133486578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67361652,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"79901","last_page":"79921"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.16670000553131104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.16670000553131104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.15649999678134918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.10899999737739563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5098999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-on-a-chip","display_name":"System on a chip","score":0.3393000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.25099998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gateway","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","score":0.24709999561309814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5914000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5098999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118021083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q610398","display_name":"System on a chip","level":2,"score":0.3393000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.28630000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.25099998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777710495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5527195","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","level":2,"score":0.24709999561309814}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3694712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3694712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3694712","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3694712","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4777403175830841,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.4174298942089081,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2976772186","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2022-00144000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104126654","https://openalex.org/W1941880258","https://openalex.org/W1987034518","https://openalex.org/W2093154965","https://openalex.org/W2118378639","https://openalex.org/W2170091282","https://openalex.org/W2606213502","https://openalex.org/W2737879662","https://openalex.org/W2805611890","https://openalex.org/W2811266402","https://openalex.org/W2915541671","https://openalex.org/W2932317951","https://openalex.org/W3088704016","https://openalex.org/W3127883531","https://openalex.org/W4232229394","https://openalex.org/W4381894591","https://openalex.org/W4393613542","https://openalex.org/W4399896450","https://openalex.org/W4405271277","https://openalex.org/W4411241401","https://openalex.org/W4411889503"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Safety-critical":[0],"Industrial":[1,34],"Internet":[2,35],"of":[3,36,64,153,173,200],"Things":[4,37],"applications":[5],"such":[6],"as":[7],"collaborative":[8],"robots":[9],"and":[10,66,121,169,191],"motion":[11],"control":[12],"demand":[13],"deterministic":[14,224],"encryption":[15,151],"latency":[16,152,225],"that":[17,46,218],"software-based":[18],"gateways":[19],"cannot":[20],"guarantee":[21],"due":[22],"to":[23,227,234],"operating":[24],"system":[25],"non-determinism.":[26],"This":[27],"paper":[28],"presents":[29],"a":[30,52,85,93,102,113,122,129,149],"Field-Programmable":[31],"Gate":[32],"Array-based":[33],"security":[38],"gateway":[39],"on":[40,137],"an":[41,118,170],"Intel":[42],"Cyclone":[43],"V":[44],"System-on-Chip":[45],"processes":[47],"ten":[48,163],"sensor":[49,167],"channels":[50,164],"through":[51],"single":[53],"ASCON-AEAD128":[54,96],"core":[55],"using":[56],"time-division":[57,94,220],"multiplexing,":[58],"fully":[59],"compliant":[60],"with":[61,98,112,159,187,231],"National":[62],"Institute":[63],"Standards":[65],"Technology":[67],"Special":[68],"Publication":[69],"800-232":[70],"including":[71],"128-bit":[72],"authentication":[73,193],"tag":[74,194],"generation":[75],"for":[76,107,247],"each":[77],"sample.":[78],"The":[79,196],"architecture":[80],"integrates":[81],"four":[82],"contributions,":[83],"namely":[84],"near-zero-overhead":[86],"hardware":[87,103,219],"scheduler":[88],"achieving":[89],"one-to-two-cycle":[90],"context":[91],"switching,":[92],"multiplexed":[95,221],"engine":[97],"per-sample":[99],"authenticated":[100],"encryption,":[101],"Welford":[104],"statistics":[105],"module":[106],"real-time":[108],"3-sigma":[109],"outlier":[110],"detection":[111],"97%":[114],"area":[115],"reduction":[116],"via":[117],"iterative":[119],"divider,":[120],"zero-copy":[123],"direct":[124],"memory":[125],"access":[126],"path":[127],"providing":[128],"21,000-fold":[130],"read":[131],"speedup":[132],"over":[133,183],"processor":[134],"polling.":[135],"Experiments":[136],"the":[138,209],"Terasic":[139],"DE1-SoC":[140],"demonstrate":[141],"all":[142],"168":[143],"Known":[144],"Answer":[145],"Test":[146],"vectors":[147],"passing,":[148],"constant":[150],"153":[154],"clock":[155],"cycles":[156],"(3.06":[157],"microseconds)":[158],"zero":[160],"jitter":[161],"across":[162],"under":[165],"hardware-managed":[166],"timing,":[168],"end-to-end":[171],"throughput":[172],"399,545":[174],"entries":[175,186],"per":[176,180],"second":[177],"(97.5":[178],"megabits":[179],"second)":[181],"verified":[182],"11.9":[184],"million":[185],"100%":[188],"decryption":[189],"success":[190],"99.97%":[192],"verification.":[195],"design":[197],"occupies":[198],"43%":[199],"available":[201],"Adaptive":[202],"Logic":[203],"Modules":[204],"at":[205],"78.5":[206],"MHz,":[207],"exceeding":[208],"50":[210],"MHz":[211],"target":[212],"by":[213],"57%.":[214],"These":[215],"results":[216],"show":[217],"scheduling":[222],"achieves":[223],"equivalent":[226],"dedicated":[228],"single-channel":[229],"implementations":[230],"approximately":[232],"1.9":[233],"3.8":[235],"times":[236],"lower":[237],"per-channel":[238],"cryptographic":[239],"area,":[240],"supporting":[241],"worst-case":[242],"execution":[243],"time":[244],"analysis":[245],"required":[246],"safety-critical":[248],"deployment.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2026-05-20T00:00:00"}
