{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161331989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693833","title":"Simulation and Security Evaluation of Virtual Partition Management (VPM) Paradigm in Electric Vehicle Communication Infrastructure","display_name":"Simulation and Security Evaluation of Virtual Partition Management (VPM) Paradigm in Electric Vehicle Communication Infrastructure","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161331989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693833"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3693833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693833","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038836923","display_name":"Milan \u010cabarkapa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2094-9649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14245010","display_name":"University of Kragujevac","ror":"https://ror.org/04f7vj627","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14245010"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milan M. \u010cabarkapa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2094-9649","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14245010"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136266317","display_name":"Danilo Radosavljevi\u0107","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14245010","display_name":"University of Kragujevac","ror":"https://ror.org/04f7vj627","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14245010"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danilo Radosavljevi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1411-9460","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14245010"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020459439","display_name":"Jelena Stojkovi\u0107 Terzi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6948-3755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4068193","display_name":"University of Belgrade","ror":"https://ror.org/02qsmb048","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jelena Stojkovi\u0107 Terzi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6948-3755","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000433031","display_name":"Andrea Bonfiglio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-8598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Bonfiglio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-8598","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085912130","display_name":"Manuela Minetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7900-6178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuela Minetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7900-6178","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136264324","display_name":"Predrag Stefanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4054-2202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4068193","display_name":"University of Belgrade","ror":"https://ror.org/02qsmb048","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Predrag Stefanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4054-2202","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53974076,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"76808","last_page":"76825"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.10260000079870224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.10260000079870224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.07680000364780426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.052799999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.5615000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partition","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","score":0.46149998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.36730000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-dynamics","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","score":0.35589998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-management","display_name":"Security management","score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.2915000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","score":0.29109999537467957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7631999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.5615000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082910","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","level":2,"score":0.46149998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.44040000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.36730000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79487989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934680","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","level":2,"score":0.35589998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3346000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83163435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3954104","display_name":"Security management","level":2,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3061000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.2915000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.289900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84119951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3498530","display_name":"Vehicle tracking system","level":3,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202176563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527484","display_name":"Automatic vehicle location","level":3,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020028006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9158","display_name":"Electronic mail","level":2,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192126672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068715","display_name":"Telecommunications network","level":2,"score":0.25859999656677246}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3693833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d27ba24318be4913b2c0f2240957418a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d27ba24318be4913b2c0f2240957418a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 76808-76825 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3693833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6118083000183105}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,25,47],"explores":[2],"the":[3,11,18,35,46,53,70,79,83,116,120,126,130,135,139,145,168,184,188,210],"application":[4],"of":[5,10,21,29,37,45,52,55,72,82,122,183,198,217],"simulation":[6,60,212],"and":[7,39,57,74,96,110,144,155,164,177,204,221],"security":[8,80],"evaluation":[9],"virtual":[12,30,64],"partition":[13,31,65],"management":[14],"(VPM)":[15],"paradigm":[16],"in":[17,94,202],"communication":[19,148],"infrastructure":[20],"electric":[22,141],"vehicles.":[23],"The":[24,42,85,181],"defines":[26],"key":[27],"concepts":[28,36],"management,":[32,66],"which":[33],"include":[34,129],"partitions":[38],"policy":[40],"management.":[41],"practical":[43,154],"part":[44],"is":[48],"a":[49],"detailed":[50],"documentation":[51],"process":[54,71],"developing":[56,73,123],"testing":[58,75],"vehicle":[59,142],"environment":[61],"with":[62,134],"integrated":[63],"as":[67,69],"well":[68],"tools":[76],"that":[77,102,187],"evaluate":[78],"structure":[81],"system.":[84],"developed":[86],"simulator,":[87,143],"named":[88],"EV-VPM-ComSec-Sim,":[89],"has":[90],"been":[91],"deliberately":[92],"presented":[93],"detail":[95],"broken":[97],"down":[98],"into":[99],"modules":[100],"so":[101],"it":[103],"can":[104],"be":[105],"easily":[106],"set":[107],"up,":[108],"extended":[109],"used":[111,128],"for":[112,158,173],"different":[113],"purposes":[114],"by":[115],"R&D":[117],"community.":[118],"For":[119],"purpose":[121],"these":[124],"solutions,":[125],"technologies":[127],"Python":[131],"programming":[132],"language":[133],"Flask":[136],"web":[137],"framework,":[138],"Webots":[140],"Mosquitto":[146],"MQTT":[147],"service.":[149],"In":[150],"addition":[151],"to":[152],"providing":[153],"theoretical":[156],"frameworks":[157],"how":[159],"research":[160],"communities":[161],"could":[162],"simulate":[163],"test":[165],"VPM":[166],"functionalities,":[167],"paper":[169],"also":[170],"offers":[171],"suggestions":[172],"improving":[174],"access":[175],"policies":[176],"other":[178],"relevant":[179],"mechanisms.":[180],"results":[182],"simulations":[185],"show":[186],"proposed":[189],"proof-of-concept":[190],"(PoC)":[191],"system":[192],"achieves":[193],"an":[194],"anomaly":[195],"detection":[196],"rate":[197],"83.46%":[199],"\u00b1":[200,219],"3.46%":[201],"forgery":[203],"unauthorized":[205],"publish":[206],"cybersecurity":[207],"scenarios.":[208],"Also,":[209],"Denial-of-Service":[211],"demonstrates":[213],"mean":[214],"QoS":[215],"degradation":[216],"33.84%":[218],"0.99%":[220],"increased":[222],"energy":[223],"consumption":[224],"impact":[225],"per":[226],"accepted":[227],"message.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-26T06:15:08.310788","created_date":"2026-05-16T00:00:00"}