{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161279976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693794","title":"UAV Urban Reconnaissance Planning With Empirical Entropy-Flow Maximization by Using Double Deep Q-Network","display_name":"UAV Urban Reconnaissance Planning With Empirical Entropy-Flow Maximization by Using Double Deep Q-Network","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161279976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693794"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3693794","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693794","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049206023","display_name":"C W Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Changha Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3687-2989","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133766130","display_name":"Thi Quynh Anh Mai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thi Quynh Anh MAI","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6765-0152","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072505897","display_name":"Gyusang Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3943-5397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gyusang Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3943-5397","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045403869","display_name":"Chan\u2010Hyun Youn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3970-7308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chan-Hyun Youn","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3970-7308","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049206023"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95842567,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"75209","last_page":"75221"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.20229999721050262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.20229999721050262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.16410000622272491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.10239999741315842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.6410999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"Urban planning","score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-planning","display_name":"Motion planning","score":0.35659998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-model","display_name":"Atmospheric model","score":0.3285999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.32749998569488525}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.6410999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4244000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3855000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81074085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q366872","display_name":"Motion planning","level":3,"score":0.35659998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.3285999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148764684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621751","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32283439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1407014","display_name":"Radar tracker","level":3,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184603391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60738778","display_name":"Land-use planning","level":3,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3693794","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:92c8708b5a8f45029adaebfb610e60a7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/92c8708b5a8f45029adaebfb610e60a7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 75209-75221 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3693794","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3693794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8034400939941406,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4986452474","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KRIT-CT-23-020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334874","funder_display_name":"Defense Acquisition Program Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6567143896","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KRIT-CT-23-020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F2292562827","funder_display_name":"Korea Research Institute for Defense Technology Planning and Advancement"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F2292562827","display_name":"Korea Research Institute for Defense Technology Planning and Advancement","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334874","display_name":"Defense Acquisition Program Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/04bjg9m96"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unmanned":[0],"Aerial":[1],"Vehicle":[2],"(UAV)":[3],"reconnaissance":[4,126],"requires":[5],"balancing":[6],"exploration":[7],"diversity":[8],"and":[9,100,122],"reconstruction":[10,83],"accuracy":[11],"under":[12],"partial":[13],"observability.":[14],"Conventional":[15],"entropy-based":[16],"or":[17],"region-prioritized":[18],"methods":[19],"often":[20],"overfit":[21],"to":[22],"static":[23],"spatial":[24],"distributions,":[25],"limiting":[26],"adaptability":[27],"in":[28,127],"complex":[29],"urban":[30,88,129],"environments.":[31],"This":[32],"paper":[33],"proposes":[34],"an":[35,48],"Entropy-Flow":[36],"Double":[37],"Deep":[38],"Q-Network":[39],"(EF-DDQN)":[40],"that":[41,91,112],"integrates":[42],"Zone":[43],"Entropy":[44],"Sampling":[45],"(ZES)":[46],"with":[47,72,117],"entropy-flow":[49,115],"regularizer":[50],"for":[51],"adaptive,":[52],"information-rich":[53],"UAV":[54,125],"navigation.":[55],"ZES":[56],"converts":[57],"voxel-level":[58],"entropy":[59,70,98],"into":[60],"a":[61],"probabilistic":[62],"zone":[63],"selection":[64],"policy,":[65],"while":[66],"EF-DDQN":[67,92],"aligns":[68],"empirical":[69,114],"evolution":[71],"intended":[73],"sampling":[74],"emphasis.":[75],"A":[76],"voxel-wise":[77],"Hausdorff":[78,104],"reward":[79],"further":[80],"enhances":[81],"geometric":[82],"fidelity.":[84],"Experiments":[85],"on":[86],"voxelized":[87],"maps":[89],"show":[90],"achieves":[93],"improved":[94],"generalization":[95],"across":[96],"dynamic":[97],"fields,":[99],"over":[101],"25%":[102],"lower":[103],"error":[105],"than":[106],"conventional":[107],"DDQN.":[108],"These":[109],"results":[110],"demonstrate":[111],"coupling":[113],"maximization":[116],"reinforcement":[118],"learning":[119],"enables":[120],"robust":[121],"spatially":[123],"consistent":[124],"diverse":[128],"settings.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-24T08:33:08.758527","created_date":"2026-05-16T00:00:00"}