{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7156211104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3687805","title":"AI-Based Blood Perfusion Assessment in Digestive Surgery Using Indocyanine Green Time\u2013Fluorescence Curves","display_name":"AI-Based Blood Perfusion Assessment in Digestive Surgery Using Indocyanine Green Time\u2013Fluorescence Curves","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7156211104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3687805"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3687805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3687805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3687805","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070660716","display_name":"Pasquale Arpa\u00efa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-5922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pasquale Arpaia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-5922","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063863101","display_name":"Sabatina Criscuolo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7189-1339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabatina Criscuolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (DIETI), Human-Machine Interfaces for Measurements in Living Environments (HIMaLivE), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7189-1339","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (DIETI), Human-Machine Interfaces for Measurements in Living Environments (HIMaLivE), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040768755","display_name":"Egidio De Benedetto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-2131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Egidio de Benedetto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-2131","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032731543","display_name":"Francesco Isgr\u00f2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9342-5291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Isgr\u00f3","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9342-5291","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134685579","display_name":"Roberto Peltrini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Peltrini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0445-2269","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059881379","display_name":"Roberto Prevete","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3804-1719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Prevete","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054532791","display_name":"Antonio Sciuto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3234-4580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087768","display_name":"Ospedale Antonio Cardarelli","ror":"https://ror.org/003hhqx84","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108212","display_name":"Fatebenefratelli Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01x9zv505","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108212","https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Sciuto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Minimally Invasive Surgical Oncology, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Minimally Invasive Surgical Oncology, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087768","https://openalex.org/I4210108212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45984406,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"64898","last_page":"64908"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10782","display_name":"Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics","score":0.1988999992609024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10782","display_name":"Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics","score":0.1988999992609024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.19439999759197235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.06669999659061432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indocyanine-green","display_name":"Indocyanine green","score":0.7998999953269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perfusion","display_name":"Perfusion","score":0.6115999817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-loss","display_name":"Blood loss","score":0.3549000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-circulation","display_name":"Blood circulation","score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-flow","display_name":"Blood flow","score":0.2556999921798706}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781065829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905662","display_name":"Indocyanine green","level":2,"score":0.7998999953269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146957229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266915","display_name":"Perfusion","level":2,"score":0.6115999817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991743468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166019","display_name":"Blood loss","level":2,"score":0.3549000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.32989999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985453986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11068","display_name":"Blood circulation","level":2,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158846371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Blood flow","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992581678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11829360","display_name":"Digestive tract","level":2,"score":0.24400000274181366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3687805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3687805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:37dfc3f0612041a5929709a58d27be46","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/37dfc3f0612041a5929709a58d27be46","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 64898-64908 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3687805","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3687805","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7526774406433105,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5307903878","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project FRA 2022 - NINFEA","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309590","funder_display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Napoli Federico II"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309590","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Napoli Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"accurate":[1],"intraoperative":[2,81,215],"assessment":[3],"of":[4,94,131,179,192,208],"tissue":[5],"perfusion":[6,59,84,153,183,201],"in":[7,21,196],"digestive":[8],"surgery":[9],"is":[10,40],"critical":[11],"to":[12,29,75,148,160,212,237],"prevent":[13],"complications":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16,96],"anastomotic":[17,120],"leakage,":[18],"an":[19,52],"event":[20],"which":[22],"a":[23,162,175,189,233],"surgical":[24,225,239],"connection":[25],"between":[26],"organs":[27],"fails":[28],"heal":[30],"properly.":[31],"However,":[32],"current":[33],"fluorescence":[34,63,78,210],"angiography":[35],"with":[36,118,145,167],"indocyanine":[37],"green":[38],"(ICG)":[39],"still":[41],"mostly":[42],"qualitative":[43],"and":[44,71,86,98,128,223],"affected":[45],"by":[46,136],"surgeon":[47],"expertise.":[48],"This":[49,227],"study":[50],"proposes":[51],"artificial":[53],"intelligence":[54],"(AI)-based":[55],"framework":[56,102],"for":[57],"quantitative":[58,214],"evaluation":[60],"using":[61],"ICG":[62,108,138],"imaging.":[64],"The":[65,101,141,155,171,185],"system":[66],"combines":[67],"computer":[68],"vision":[69],"(CV)":[70],"machine":[72],"learning":[73],"(ML)":[74],"extract":[76],"dynamic":[77],"profiles":[79],"from":[80,151,199],"videos,":[82],"cluster":[83],"patterns,":[85],"classify":[87],"tissue,":[88],"focusing":[89],"on":[90,105,220],"the":[91,123,206],"quality-related":[92],"aspects":[93],"perfusion,":[95],"ideal":[97],"non-ideal":[99,152],"perfusion.":[100],"was":[103],"validated":[104],"20":[106],"near-infrared":[107],"videos":[109],"acquired":[110],"during":[111],"robotic":[112],"colorectal":[113],"procedures":[114],"(including":[115],"3":[116],"cases":[117],"postoperative":[119],"leakage).":[121],"After":[122],"preprocessing":[124],"stage":[125],"including":[126],"stabilization":[127],"segmentation,":[129],"regions":[130],"interest":[132],"(ROIs)":[133],"were":[134,143,158],"tracked":[135],"extracting":[137],"time\u2013fluorescence":[139],"curves.":[140],"curves":[142],"clustered":[144],"k-medoids":[146],"approach":[147,228],"separate":[149],"optimal":[150,198],"patterns.":[154,202],"resulting":[156],"labels":[157],"used":[159],"train":[161],"logistic":[163],"regression":[164],"classifier,":[165],"evaluated":[166],"stratified":[168],"5-fold":[169],"cross-validation.":[170],"unsupervised":[172],"step":[173],"achieved":[174],"normalized":[176],"Silhouette":[177],"score":[178],"0.77,":[180],"indicating":[181],"well-separated":[182],"clusters.":[184],"supervised":[186],"classifier":[187],"reached":[188],"mean":[190],"accuracy":[191],"(97":[193],"\u00b1":[194],"2)%":[195],"distinguishing":[197],"suboptimal":[200],"These":[203],"findings":[204],"demonstrate":[205],"potential":[207],"AI-enhanced":[209],"imaging":[211],"provide":[213],"decision":[216],"support,":[217],"reducing":[218],"reliance":[219],"subjective":[221],"interpretation":[222],"improving":[224],"precision.":[226],"advances":[229],"fluorescence-guided":[230],"surgery,":[231],"offering":[232],"scalable,":[234],"data-driven":[235],"solution":[236],"minimize":[238],"complications.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T06:03:25.996018","created_date":"2026-04-28T00:00:00"}
