{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7154964558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3685576","title":"Best Agent Identification for General Game Playing","display_name":"Best Agent Identification for General Game Playing","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7154964558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3685576"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3685576","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3685576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3685576","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075491769","display_name":"Matthew Stephenson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3867-5842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169541294","display_name":"Flinders University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kpzv902","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169541294"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Stephenson","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3867-5842","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169541294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134094134","display_name":"Alex Newcombe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169541294","display_name":"Flinders University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kpzv902","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169541294"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Newcombe","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4401-0951","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169541294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134056072","display_name":"\u00c9ric Piette","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163063","display_name":"Institute of Information and Communication Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/05fpsjc82","country_code":"BG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24768866","https://openalex.org/I4210163063"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE","BG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00c9ric Piette","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics, and Applied Mathematics Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8355-636X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics, and Applied Mathematics Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163063","https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125606068","display_name":"Dennis J.N.J. Soemers","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis J. N. J. Soemers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Advanced Computing Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Advanced Computing Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58316676,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"61528","last_page":"61546"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.7416999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.7416999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12158","display_name":"Guidance and Control Systems","score":0.046300001442432404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.032499998807907104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regret","display_name":"Regret","score":0.6875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6136999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5716999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5455999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.47029998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4562999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-game","display_name":"Sequential game","score":0.41350001096725464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50817715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79895177","display_name":"Regret","level":2,"score":0.6875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6136999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5716999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5455999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5062999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.47029998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4562999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4377000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73795354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287618","display_name":"Sequential game","level":3,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.38019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202556891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1584646","display_name":"Repeated game","level":3,"score":0.3531999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.3531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167573328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7439054","display_name":"Screening game","level":4,"score":0.337799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95815963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1377033","display_name":"Game tree","level":4,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775973920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3252726","display_name":"Selection algorithm","level":3,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97542219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q497863","display_name":"SIMPLE algorithm","level":2,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32407928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2733833","display_name":"Best response","level":3,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3685576","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3685576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f648548e31314b89b8dfe5f1376bf4af","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f648548e31314b89b8dfe5f1376bf4af","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 61528-61546 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3685576","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3685576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G314852899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA22145","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","funder_display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bstzn19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,57,87],"present":[1],"an":[2,59],"efficient":[3],"and":[4,47,111,159,175],"generalised":[5],"procedure":[6],"to":[7,43,51,81,137,170],"accurately":[8],"identify":[9],"the":[10,89,97,104,112,119,173],"best":[11,32,139],"(or":[12],"near":[13],"best)":[14],"performing":[15],"algorithm":[16,54,193],"for":[17,36,126,143,181],"each":[18,40,48,71,127],"sub-task":[19],"in":[20,76,153],"a":[21,29,44,52,65,123,130,149],"multi-problem":[22],"domain.":[23],"Our":[24],"approach":[25,93,166],"treats":[26],"this":[27],"as":[28,185,187],"set":[30],"of":[31,78,91,96,121,133,155,162,177],"arm":[33,49,72,140],"identification":[34,141],"problems":[35],"multi-armed":[37,144],"bandits,":[38,145],"where":[39],"bandit":[41],"corresponds":[42,50],"specific":[45,53],"task":[46],"or":[55],"agent.":[56],"propose":[58],"optimistic":[60],"selection":[61],"process":[62],"based":[63],"on":[64,94],"chosen":[66],"confidence":[67],"interval,":[68],"that":[69],"ranks":[70],"across":[73],"all":[74],"bandits":[75],"terms":[77,154],"their":[79],"potential":[80],"influence":[82],"our":[83,92,146],"overall":[84],"simple":[85,157],"regret.":[86],"evaluate":[88],"performance":[90,151],"two":[95],"most":[98],"popular":[99],"general":[100,114,182],"game":[101,115,128,183],"playing":[102,116],"domains,":[103],"General":[105],"Video":[106],"Game":[107],"AI":[108],"(GVGAI)":[109],"framework":[110],"Ludii":[113],"system,":[117],"with":[118,191],"goal":[120],"selecting":[122],"high-performing":[124],"agent":[125,178],"using":[129],"limited":[131],"number":[132],"available":[134],"trials.":[135],"Compared":[136],"previous":[138],"algorithms":[142],"results":[147],"demonstrate":[148],"substantial":[150],"improvement":[152],"average":[156,160],"regret":[158],"probability":[161],"error.":[163],"This":[164],"novel":[165],"can":[167],"be":[168],"used":[169],"significantly":[171],"improve":[172],"quality":[174],"accuracy":[176],"evaluation":[179],"procedures":[180],"frameworks,":[184],"well":[186],"other":[188],"multi-task":[189],"domains":[190],"high":[192],"runtimes.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-04-21T00:00:00"}