{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7151769971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681908","title":"Extractive Summarization on a CMOS Ising Machine","display_name":"Extractive Summarization on a CMOS Ising Machine","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7151769971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681908"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3681908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681908","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022067893","display_name":"Ziqing Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6981-2299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ziqing Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6981-2299","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Abhimanyu Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6208-6469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhimanyu Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6208-6469","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133170949","display_name":"Ahmet Efe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmet Efe","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113225705","display_name":"R.S. Yin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruihong Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3117-7484","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043025421","display_name":"Chris H. Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-1347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris H. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-1347","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018104631","display_name":"Ulya R. Karpuzcu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9238-4256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulya R. Karpuzcu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9238-4256","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068714995","display_name":"Sachin S. Sapatnekar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5353-2364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sachin S. Sapatnekar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5353-2364","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022067893"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71502732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"56724","last_page":"56735"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.08869999647140503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.08869999647140503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.0763000026345253,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.06560000032186508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.5016000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rounding","display_name":"Rounding","score":0.4950999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ising-model","display_name":"Ising model","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-summarization","display_name":"Automatic summarization","score":0.4447000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.41749998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.385699987411499}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.5016000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136625980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663208","display_name":"Rounding","level":2,"score":0.4950999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51329190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076349","display_name":"Ising model","level":2,"score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170858558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394144","display_name":"Automatic summarization","level":2,"score":0.4447000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.41749998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3903000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.385699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.36239999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776277307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22074755","display_name":"Stratix","level":3,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126980161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863783","display_name":"Simulated annealing","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3681908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7fd887a05c454290abf9b0a35bcdcf25","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7fd887a05c454290abf9b0a35bcdcf25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 56724-56735 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3681908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1020205613","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2230963","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G185307933","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2142248","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6134964885","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AFRL contract FA8750-22-C-1034","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extractive":[0],"summarization":[1,67,263],"(ES)":[2],"aims":[3],"to":[4,104,112,128,145,208,215,231,242],"generate":[5],"a":[6,11,16,69,86,134,152,157,209],"concise":[7],"summary":[8,247],"by":[9],"selecting":[10],"subset":[12],"of":[13,63,122,221,227,238,254],"sentences":[14],"from":[15],"document":[17],"while":[18],"maximizing":[19],"relevance":[20],"and":[21,47,98,142,150,172,235],"minimizing":[22],"redundancy.":[23],"Although":[24],"modern":[25],"ES":[26,136,159],"systems":[27],"achieve":[28],"high":[29],"accuracy":[30],"using":[31,189],"powerful":[32],"neural":[33],"models,":[34],"their":[35],"deployment":[36],"typically":[37],"relies":[38],"on":[39,68,170,177,264],"CPU":[40],"or":[41],"GPU":[42],"infrastructures":[43],"that":[44,77,90,116,155,165,182],"are":[45],"energy-intensive":[46],"poorly":[48],"suited":[49],"for":[50,147,259],"real-time":[51],"inference":[52],"in":[53,205],"resource-constrained":[54],"environments.":[55],"In":[56,219],"this":[57,107],"work,":[58],"we":[59],"explore":[60],"the":[61,92,178,232,252],"feasibility":[62],"implementing":[64],"McDonald-style":[65],"extractive":[66],"low-power":[70],"CMOS":[71,256],"coupled":[72],"oscillator-based":[73],"Ising":[74,88,163,192,257],"machine":[75],"(COBI)":[76],"supports":[78],"integer-valued,":[79],"all-to-all":[80],"spin":[81],"couplings.":[82],"We":[83,131],"first":[84],"propose":[85],"hardware-aware":[87],"formulation":[89,115],"reduces":[91],"scale":[93],"imbalance":[94],"between":[95],"local":[96],"fields":[97],"coupling":[99],"terms,":[100],"thereby":[101],"improving":[102],"robustness":[103],"coefficient":[105],"quantization:":[106],"method":[108],"can":[109,166,185],"be":[110,129,167],"applied":[111],"any":[113],"problem":[114,160],"requires":[117],"<inline-formula>":[118,123],"<tex-math":[119,124,200],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$k$":[120],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[121,126,203],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$n$":[125],"variables":[127],"chosen.":[130],"then":[132],"develop":[133],"complete":[135],"pipeline":[137,184],"including":[138],"1)":[139],"stochastic":[140],"rounding":[141],"iterative":[143],"refinement":[144],"compensate":[146],"precision":[148],"loss,":[149],"2)":[151],"decomposition":[153],"strategy":[154],"partitions":[156],"large":[158],"into":[161],"smaller":[162],"subproblems":[164],"efficiently":[168],"solved":[169],"COBI":[171,197,223],"later":[173],"combined.":[174],"Experimental":[175],"results":[176,250],"CNN/DailyMail":[179],"dataset":[180],"show":[181],"our":[183],"produce":[186],"high-quality":[187],"summaries":[188],"only":[190],"integer-coupled":[191],"hardware":[193],"with":[194,212],"limited":[195],"precision.":[196],"achieves":[198],"3.1&#x2013;<inline-formula>":[199],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$4.3\\times":[201],"$":[202],"speedups":[204],"runtime":[206],"compared":[207,230,241],"brute-force":[210,233],"baseline,":[211],"performance":[213],"comparable":[214],"software-based":[216],"Tabu":[217,243],"search.":[218],"terms":[220],"energy,":[222],"delivers":[224],"three":[225],"orders":[226,237],"magnitude":[228,239],"reduction":[229,240],"approach":[234],"2.5":[236],"search,":[244],"maintaining":[245],"competitive":[246],"quality.":[248],"These":[249],"highlight":[251],"potential":[253],"deploying":[255],"solvers":[258],"real-time,":[260],"low-energy":[261],"text":[262],"edge":[265],"devices.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2026-04-09T00:00:00"}