{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7152132298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681872","title":"Para-SegFormer: A Dual-Branch Progressive Fusion Network for High-Performance Leather Defect Segmentation","display_name":"Para-SegFormer: A Dual-Branch Progressive Fusion Network for High-Performance Leather Defect Segmentation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7152132298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681872"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3681872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681872","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133204678","display_name":"Xiao Ou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4062-8883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14116566","display_name":"Wuhan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w0e5j23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Ou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4062-8883","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100348686","display_name":"Hao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2769-4842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14116566","display_name":"Wuhan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w0e5j23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2769-4842","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100600672","display_name":"Xueting Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-2607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14116566","display_name":"Wuhan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w0e5j23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueting Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133165228","display_name":"Yuchen Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14116566","display_name":"Wuhan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w0e5j23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuchen Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0760-0161","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038347312","display_name":"Jianbo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-6710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14116566","display_name":"Wuhan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w0e5j23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianbo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9577-1586","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133160230","display_name":"Shuze Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14116566","display_name":"Wuhan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w0e5j23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuze Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133160149","display_name":"Haibin Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haibin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Maimu Intelligent Technology Company Ltd., Jiaxing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Maimu Intelligent Technology Company Ltd., Jiaxing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065864242","display_name":"Tongzhen Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7597-8298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tongzhen Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Maimu Intelligent Technology Company Ltd., Jiaxing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Maimu Intelligent Technology Company Ltd., Jiaxing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5133204678"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14116566"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70285683,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"60860","last_page":"60874"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.45010000467300415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.45010000467300415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.09229999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.023600000888109207,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5752000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.4973999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4458000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.31060001254081726}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6952000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6773999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5752000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5702000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.4973999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4458000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65885262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7429708","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","level":4,"score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69744172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860822","display_name":"Image fusion","level":3,"score":0.2720000147819519}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3681872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:785103f976034e86929778f51b4c6b57","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/785103f976034e86929778f51b4c6b57","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 60860-60874 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3681872","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3681872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2896960428","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12302243","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"address":[1],"the":[2,51,60,67,89,100,103,131],"issues":[3],"of":[4,62,109,133],"semantic":[5],"discontinuity":[6],"and":[7,82,117],"detail":[8],"loss":[9,61],"in":[10,111,121,130],"global":[11,55],"leather":[12,20,95],"surface":[13],"defect":[14,21,96],"segmentation":[15],"tasks,":[16],"we":[17,71],"propose":[18,72],"a":[19,73,93,118,127],"detection":[22],"method":[23,91,105],"called":[24],"Para-SegFormer,":[25],"which":[26],"is":[27],"based":[28],"on":[29,92],"parallel":[30,35],"branch":[31],"feature":[32,64,85],"extraction.":[33],"First,":[34],"network":[36],"branches":[37],"are":[38],"introduced,":[39],"with":[40,125],"an":[41,107],"Efficient":[42],"Multi-Scale":[43],"Attention":[44],"(EMA)":[45],"attention":[46],"mechanism":[47],"embedded":[48],"to":[49,58,79,99],"help":[50],"model":[52],"capture":[53],"richer":[54],"features.":[56],"Second,":[57],"mitigate":[59],"target":[63],"information":[65],"during":[66],"decoder":[68],"reconstruction":[69],"process,":[70],"progressive":[74],"context-guided":[75],"fusion":[76],"(PCGF)":[77],"approach":[78],"achieve":[80],"hierarchical":[81],"incremental":[83],"upsampling":[84],"fusion.":[86],"We":[87],"evaluate":[88],"proposed":[90,104],"self-constructed":[94],"dataset.":[97],"Compared":[98],"SegFormer":[101],"model,":[102],"achieves":[106],"improvement":[108,120],"17.2%":[110],"mean":[112],"Intersection":[113],"over":[114],"Union":[115],"(mIoU)":[116],"1.68%":[119],"pixel":[122],"accuracy":[123],"(Acc),":[124],"only":[126],"10%":[128],"increase":[129],"number":[132],"parameters.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2026-04-09T00:00:00"}
