{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7143485449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3679266","title":"Performance Evaluation of Meta Quest 3 and Meta Quest Pro in Static and Dynamic Conditions for Shoulder Rehabilitation in Virtual Reality","display_name":"Performance Evaluation of Meta Quest 3 and Meta Quest Pro in Static and Dynamic Conditions for Shoulder Rehabilitation in Virtual Reality","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7143485449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3679266"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3679266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3679266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3679266","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121054203","display_name":"A. Fabrizio","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143387","display_name":"Campus Bio Medico University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqbd180","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alessia Fabrizio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0483-658X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117235396","display_name":"Erica Rocchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9545-7333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","display_name":"Roma Tre University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf0dg29","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erica Rocchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9545-7333","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121120136","display_name":"A. Carnevale","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143387","display_name":"Campus Bio Medico University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqbd180","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arianna Carnevale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4543-1149","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044816502","display_name":"Anna Ferrarotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5021-3266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","display_name":"Roma Tre University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf0dg29","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Ferrarotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5021-3266","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130955504","display_name":"Rocco Papalia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143387","display_name":"Campus Bio Medico University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqbd180","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rocco Papalia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6069-4871","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026033118","display_name":"Emiliano Schena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9696-1265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143387","display_name":"Campus Bio Medico University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqbd180","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emiliano Schena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9696-1265","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130966853","display_name":"Umile Giuseppe Longo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143387","display_name":"Campus Bio Medico University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04gqbd180","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Umile Giuseppe Longo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4063-9821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130925055","display_name":"Marco Carli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","display_name":"Roma Tre University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vf0dg29","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Carli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7489-3767","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5121054203"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143387"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61793917,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"61772","last_page":"61783"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.251800000667572,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.251800000667572,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.1256999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.07639999687671661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rehabilitation","display_name":"Rehabilitation","score":0.5436000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rehabilitation-robotics","display_name":"Rehabilitation robotics","score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomechanics","display_name":"Biomechanics","score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.30660000443458557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5928000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819478","display_name":"Rehabilitation","level":2,"score":0.5436000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775862927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7309766","display_name":"Rehabilitation robotics","level":3,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170700871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193378","display_name":"Biomechanics","level":2,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.30660000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.28630000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3679266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3679266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d311cf7b36194bb0b96f2ea5255240e5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d311cf7b36194bb0b96f2ea5255240e5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 61772-61783 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma3.it:11590/539158","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11590/539158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196120","display_name":"Iris (Roma Tre University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119003972","host_organization_name":"Roma Tre University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119003972"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3679266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3679266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Virtual":[0,217],"Reality":[1],"is":[2],"gaining":[3],"increasing":[4],"relevance":[5],"as":[6,16,213],"a":[7,17,135,153],"system":[8,51],"to":[9,19,23,29,78,87,128],"monitor":[10],"joint":[11],"kinematics":[12],"during":[13,187],"rehabilitation":[14,24],"and":[15,37,54,61,81,102,152,198],"tool":[18],"improve":[20],"patient":[21,131],"adherence":[22],"protocols.":[25],"This":[26],"study":[27],"aims":[28],"evaluate":[30],"the":[31,47,150,164,173,194],"performance":[32,90],"of":[33,141,157],"Meta":[34,38,167,184,195,199],"Quest":[35,39,168,185,196,200],"3":[36,186,197],"Pro":[40],"by":[41,105],"comparing":[42],"their":[43,210],"tracking":[44,204],"accuracy":[45,63],"against":[46],"Qualisys\u2122":[48],"stereophotogrammetric":[49],"reference":[50],"in":[52],"static":[53,58],"dynamic":[55,171],"conditions.":[56,132],"In":[57,170],"conditions,":[59,172],"translational":[60,137],"rotational":[62,155],"were":[64],"assessed":[65],"using":[66],"two":[67],"custom-made":[68],"setups:":[69],"one":[70],"assessing":[71],"displacements":[72],"along":[73,149],"three":[74,94,110],"axes":[75],"(from":[76],"0":[77],"505":[79,147],"mm)":[80],"another":[82],"covering":[83],"rotations":[84],"from":[85],"0\u00b0":[86],"180\u00b0.":[88],"Dynamic":[89],"was":[91,179],"evaluated":[92],"through":[93],"clinically":[95],"relevant":[96],"upper-limb":[97],"movements":[98],"(flexion,":[99],"external":[100],"rotation,":[101],"abduction)":[103],"executed":[104],"NAO":[106],"humanoid":[107],"robot":[108],"at":[109,146,161,189],"different":[111],"durations":[112],"(S<sub":[113],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[114,119,124,191],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">1</sub>":[115],"=":[116,121,126],"1s,":[117],"S<sub":[118,123,190],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sub>":[120],"2s,":[122],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">4</sub>":[125],"4s)":[127],"simulate":[129],"varying":[130],"Results":[133],"showed":[134],"maximum":[136,154],"mean":[138,175],"absolute":[139,176],"error":[140,156,178],"4.7":[142],"\u00b1":[143,159,181],"2.8":[144,158],"mm":[145,148],"X-axis":[151],"1.2\u00b0":[160],"90\u00b0":[162],"around":[163],"Y-axis":[165],"for":[166,183,216],"3.":[169],"highest":[174],"percentage":[177],"17.0":[180],"2.9%":[182],"abduction":[188],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">4</sub>.":[192],"Overall,":[193],"Pro,":[201],"featuring":[202],"inside-out":[203],"technology,":[205],"demonstrate":[206],"promising":[207],"accuracy,":[208],"supporting":[209],"potential":[211],"use":[212],"reliable":[214],"tools":[215],"Reality-based":[218],"motor":[219],"rehabilitation.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2026-03-31T00:00:00"}
