{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7138901252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3675491","title":"Deep Learning in Resting-State Electroencephalogram Signals for Classification of Cognitively Healthy Older Adults, Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, and Lewy Body Dementia Patients","display_name":"Deep Learning in Resting-State Electroencephalogram Signals for Classification of Cognitively Healthy Older Adults, Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, and Lewy Body Dementia Patients","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7138901252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3675491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3675491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3675491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3675491","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121291356","display_name":"Britman Salcedo Pumaccola","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71715416","display_name":"Universidade Federal do ABC","ror":"https://ror.org/028kg9j04","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Britman Salcedo Pumaccola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7618-7369","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130123584","display_name":"Claudio Babiloni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Babiloni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5245-9839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000085110","display_name":"Francisco J. Fraga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4895-807X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71715416","display_name":"Universidade Federal do ABC","ror":"https://ror.org/028kg9j04","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco J. Fraga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4895-807X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22592262,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"44245","last_page":"44254"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.5256999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.5256999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.289000004529953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.017000000923871994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia","display_name":"Dementia","score":0.6714000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.6126999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-impairment","display_name":"Cognitive impairment","score":0.4927999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4909000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lewy-body","display_name":"Lewy body","score":0.4693000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia-with-lewy-bodies","display_name":"Dementia with Lewy bodies","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.3822000026702881}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.6714000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.661300003528595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.6126999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984915365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141203","display_name":"Cognitive impairment","level":3,"score":0.4927999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4909000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779097696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1822234","display_name":"Lewy body","level":4,"score":0.4693000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778548049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101245788","display_name":"Dementia with Lewy bodies","level":4,"score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.459199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.3822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3443000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502032728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","level":3,"score":0.34119999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.328900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.3215999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110083411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1744628","display_name":"Statistical classification","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27181475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541014","display_name":"Cross-validation","level":2,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139532973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2679259","display_name":"Linear classifier","level":3,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88576662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18646","display_name":"Episodic memory","level":3,"score":0.2685999870300293}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3675491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3675491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:86d5d010d982469ebae7bc4c5aafb57d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/86d5d010d982469ebae7bc4c5aafb57d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 44245-44254 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1764060","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1764060","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3675491","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3675491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.49577856063842773},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.42440304160118103}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1537517989","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"305230/2022-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328530","funder_display_name":"Foundation for Scientific and Technological Development in Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3780132645","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023/05344-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328530","display_name":"Foundation for Scientific and Technological Development in Health","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,15,105,206],"application":[4],"of":[5,17,122,171,174,178,253],"deep":[6,87,224],"learning":[7,88,225],"techniques":[8],"to":[9,110,227],"resting-state":[10],"electroencephalogram":[11],"(rsEEG)":[12],"signals":[13,67],"for":[14,193,205,247],"classification":[16],"cognitively":[18],"healthy":[19,238],"older":[20],"adults":[21],"(NOLD),":[22],"patients":[23,29],"with":[24,30,49,124,167],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[25],"disease":[26],"(AD),":[27],"and":[28,44,51,61,74,96,102,127,141,145,156,176,190,200,202,211,213,217,237,244,250],"Lewy":[31],"body":[32],"dementia":[33,62],"(DLB).":[34],"A":[35],"dataset":[36],"comprising":[37],"90":[38],"participants":[39],"(30":[40],"AD,":[41,234],"30":[42,45],"DLB,":[43,137,210,235],"NOLD)":[46,144,212],"was":[47],"analyzed,":[48],"AD":[50,138],"DLB":[52,142],"groups":[53],"further":[54],"divided":[55],"into":[56,70],"mild":[57],"cognitive":[58],"impairment":[59],"(MCI)":[60],"(DEM)":[63],"categories.":[64],"Preprocessed":[65],"rsEEG":[66,228],"were":[68,81,100],"decomposed":[69],"standard":[71],"frequency":[72],"bands,":[73],"normalized":[75],"power":[76],"spectral":[77],"density":[78],"(PSD)":[79],"features":[80],"extracted":[82],"from":[83],"19":[84],"channels.":[85],"Two":[86],"models":[89],"\u2014":[90,99],"Long":[91],"Short-Term":[92],"Memory":[93],"(LSTM)":[94,189],"networks":[95],"Transformer-based":[97],"architectures":[98],"implemented":[101],"validated":[103],"using":[104],"Leave-One-Subject-Out":[106],"(LOSO)":[107],"cross-validation":[108],"scheme,":[109],"simulate":[111],"real":[112],"clinical":[113],"generalization.":[114],"The":[115,160],"LSTM":[116],"classifier":[117],"achieved":[118,163],"an":[119,168],"average":[120,169],"accuracy":[121,170],"94.97%,":[123],"95.03%":[125],"sensitivity":[126,173],"94.96%":[128],"specificity":[129,177],"across":[130],"three":[131,146],"binary":[132,147],"group":[133,208],"comparisons":[134,149],"(AD":[135],"vs.":[136,139,143,151,154,158],"NOLD,":[140],"category":[148,214],"(DEM":[150],"MCI,":[152,216,236],"DEM":[153],"CTRL,":[155],"MCI":[157],"CTRL).":[159],"Transformer":[161],"model":[162],"even":[164],"higher":[165],"performance,":[166],"96.40%,":[172],"97.29%,":[175],"95.56%.":[179],"In":[180],"multi-class":[181],"classification,":[182],"both":[183],"approaches":[184],"demonstrated":[185],"robust":[186],"accuracy:":[187],"86.67%":[188],"87.78%":[191],"(Transformer)":[192],"five-class":[194],"discrimination":[195],"(AD-DEM,":[196],"AD-MCI,":[197],"DLB-DEM,":[198],"DLB-MCI,":[199],"NOLD-CTRL),":[201],"above":[203],"90%":[204],"three-class":[207],"(AD,":[209],"(DEM,":[215],"CTRL)":[218],"distinctions.":[219],"These":[220],"results":[221],"demonstrate":[222],"that":[223],"applied":[226],"data":[229],"can":[230],"effectively":[231],"distinguish":[232],"between":[233],"aging,":[239],"offering":[240],"a":[241],"non-invasive,":[242],"accurate,":[243],"generalizable":[245],"method":[246],"early":[248],"detection":[249,252],"differential":[251],"dementia-related":[254],"disorders.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-13T07:04:57.449891","created_date":"2026-03-20T00:00:00"}