{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133208844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3669364","title":"A Real-Time Textile Defect Inspection System for Industrial Polyester Reinforcement Layers Based on YOLO and PLC-Driven Closed-Loop Control","display_name":"A Real-Time Textile Defect Inspection System for Industrial Polyester Reinforcement Layers Based on YOLO and PLC-Driven Closed-Loop Control","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133208844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3669364"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3669364","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3669364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3669364","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127813250","display_name":"Xin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I209549992","display_name":"Sanjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/02q1hyx43","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I209549992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Sanjiang University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7903-5045","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Sanjiang University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I209549992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127843525","display_name":"Yuzhuo Bi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157899","display_name":"China State Shipbuilding (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04rveb346","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157899"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuzhuo Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["China State Shipbuilding Corporation, Bohai Shipbuilding Company Ltd., Huludao, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China State Shipbuilding Corporation, Bohai Shipbuilding Company Ltd., Huludao, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157899"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":7.0496,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95473143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"33873","last_page":"33889"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.15880000591278076,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.15880000591278076,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.10369999706745148,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13344","display_name":"Industrial Automation and Control Systems","score":0.040699999779462814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmable-logic-controller","display_name":"Programmable logic controller","score":0.5382999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/textile","display_name":"Textile","score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yarn","display_name":"Yarn","score":0.4666000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.42730000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.41620001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.3783999979496002}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6743000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37374048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188674","display_name":"Programmable logic controller","level":2,"score":0.5382999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164767435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28823","display_name":"Textile","level":2,"score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778787235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49007","display_name":"Yarn","level":2,"score":0.4666000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4404999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.42730000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.41620001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.3783999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.3610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.3562999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.32429999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45235069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278425","display_name":"Table (database)","level":2,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775960376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435859","display_name":"Grippers","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518936366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q607081","display_name":"Textile industry","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364844","display_name":"False alarm","level":2,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3669364","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3669364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bfef930c0b4941a182551e5ff9ccbee7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bfef930c0b4941a182551e5ff9ccbee7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 33873-33889 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3669364","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3669364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3037030727","https://openalex.org/W3089819260","https://openalex.org/W3119769313","https://openalex.org/W3162910509","https://openalex.org/W3194839486","https://openalex.org/W3198776009","https://openalex.org/W4285088582","https://openalex.org/W4297238519","https://openalex.org/W4313655127","https://openalex.org/W4380263540","https://openalex.org/W4383226683","https://openalex.org/W4391093457","https://openalex.org/W4392517887","https://openalex.org/W4399806014","https://openalex.org/W4402370232","https://openalex.org/W4402687168","https://openalex.org/W4402966803","https://openalex.org/W4404040135","https://openalex.org/W4404313032","https://openalex.org/W4404372944","https://openalex.org/W4407098303","https://openalex.org/W4408155426","https://openalex.org/W4409162805","https://openalex.org/W4409173118","https://openalex.org/W4410492089","https://openalex.org/W4412190821","https://openalex.org/W4414334082","https://openalex.org/W4414987809","https://openalex.org/W4416414931","https://openalex.org/W4417504998","https://openalex.org/W7118261830"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Manual":[0],"inspection":[1,29],"of":[2,36,60,211,232,242,249],"textile":[3],"fabrics":[4],"remains":[5],"common":[6],"in":[7,66],"industry,":[8],"yet":[9],"it":[10],"is":[11],"labor-intensive,":[12],"subjective,":[13],"and":[14,88,116,129,133,153,173,183,188,205],"difficult":[15],"to":[16,18,55,156,190],"scale":[17],"high-speed":[19],"production":[20],"lines.":[21],"This":[22],"paper":[23],"presents":[24],"a":[25,44,48,61,100,117,125,237],"real-time":[26],"fabric":[27],"defect":[28,71],"system":[30,42,197,225],"for":[31,105,131],"the":[32,142,160,176,192,223],"middle":[33],"reinforcement":[34],"layer":[35],"high-strength":[37],"industrial":[38,68,201],"polyester":[39],"filaments.":[40],"The":[41,135,195],"integrates":[43],"YOLO-based":[45],"detector":[46],"with":[47,121,236],"Mitsubishi":[49],"FX-series":[50],"programmable":[51],"logic":[52],"controller":[53],"(PLC)":[54],"enable":[56],"closed-loop":[57,224],"defect-triggered":[58],"stopping":[59],"rotary":[62],"table":[63],"or":[64],"conveyor":[65],"an":[67,109,200,207,227],"setting.":[69],"Five":[70],"categories":[72],"are":[73],"considered:":[74],"CL":[75],"(disordered":[76],"pattern),":[77],"BJ":[78],"(tight":[79],"warp),":[80],"TS":[81],"(shuttle":[82],"skipping),":[83],"Short":[84,106],"(short":[85],"loose":[86,91],"end),":[87],"Long":[89],"(long":[90],"end).":[92],"To":[93],"reduce":[94],"production-specific":[95],"false":[96,239],"alarms,":[97],"we":[98],"propose":[99],"task-specific":[101],"multi-stage":[102],"post-filtering":[103,162],"strategy":[104],"defects,":[107],"combining":[108],"edge-based":[110],"boundary":[111],"constraint,":[112,120],"class-specific":[113],"confidence":[114],"thresholding,":[115],"minimum":[118],"area":[119],"parameters":[122],"selected":[123],"on":[124,141,199,217],"held-out":[126],"validation":[127],"set":[128,144],"fixed":[130],"testing":[132],"deployment.":[134],"method":[136],"achieves":[137,226],"strong":[138],"overall":[139],"performance":[140],"test":[143],"(precision":[145],"94.3%,":[146],"recall":[147],"97.7%,":[148],"mAP@0.5":[149],"98.9%,":[150],"mAP@0.5:0.95":[151],"71.9%)":[152],"improves":[154],"precision":[155],"95.2%":[157],"after":[158],"applying":[159],"full":[161],"pipeline.":[163],"We":[164],"further":[165],"benchmark":[166],"YOLOv5s":[167],"against":[168],"recent":[169],"lightweight":[170],"variants":[171],"(YOLOv8n":[172],"YOLOv8s)":[174],"under":[175],"same":[177],"protocol,":[178],"reporting":[179],"both":[180],"detection":[181],"metrics":[182],"PLC-integrated":[184],"end-to-end":[185,229],"latency":[186,231],"(mean":[187],"P95)":[189],"quantify":[191],"accuracy\u2013latency":[193],"trade-off.":[194],"deployed":[196],"runs":[198],"PC":[202],"(HIKROBOT":[203],"MV-VC3704X-128G60)":[204],"maintains":[206],"average":[208,228],"processing":[209],"time":[210],"approximately":[212],"315":[213],"ms":[214,235],"per":[215,244],"frame":[216],"CPU-only":[218],"inference.":[219],"In":[220],"on-line":[221],"operation,":[222],"stop":[230,240],"about":[233],"420":[234],"low":[238],"rate":[241],"0.35":[243],"hour":[245],"over":[246],"120":[247],"hours":[248],"continuous":[250],"production,":[251],"demonstrating":[252],"robust":[253],"long-term":[254],"stability.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-09T07:00:12.390032","created_date":"2026-03-03T00:00:00"}