{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131315538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667685","title":"Perceived Interactivity and Usage Intention in Gesture-Based Educational VR: Evidence From SEM and fsQCA","display_name":"Perceived Interactivity and Usage Intention in Gesture-Based Educational VR: Evidence From SEM and fsQCA","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131315538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667685"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3667685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667685","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069358146","display_name":"Taiyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9457-9063"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9356336","display_name":"Minnan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vj1vm13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9356336"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Journalism and Communication, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9457-9063","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Journalism and Communication, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9356336"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126679067","display_name":"Yifan Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94611258","display_name":"Hebei Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/004rbbw49","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94611258"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Journalism and Communication, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5471-2879","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Journalism and Communication, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94611258"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101143667","display_name":"Dawei Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0743-129X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94611258","display_name":"Hebei Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/004rbbw49","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94611258"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawei Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Journalism and Communication, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0743-129X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Journalism and Communication, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94611258"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14921281,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"30223","last_page":"30239"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.3089999854564667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.3089999854564667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.11389999836683273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11285","display_name":"Hearing Impairment and Communication","score":0.07689999788999557,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interactivity","display_name":"Interactivity","score":0.7832000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.695900022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.6647999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-acceptance-model","display_name":"Technology acceptance model","score":0.6129000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-equation-modeling","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","score":0.5751000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/literacy","display_name":"Literacy","score":0.3292999863624573}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144430266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839721","display_name":"Interactivity","level":2,"score":0.7832000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.695900022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6647999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776185967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112945","display_name":"Technology acceptance model","level":3,"score":0.6129000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.5751000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4794999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4489000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3903999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203663800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848979","display_name":"Citizen journalism","level":2,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94617000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639854","display_name":"Qualitative comparative analysis","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777646416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242069","display_name":"Digital literacy","level":2,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11671645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567","display_name":"Causal model","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780346085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7884986","display_name":"Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology","level":3,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778638050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421252","display_name":"Explanatory model","level":2,"score":0.2508000135421753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3667685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3667685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4319188916","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HB22YS057","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":97,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W269999075","https://openalex.org/W1204404493","https://openalex.org/W1492027863","https://openalex.org/W1539896512","https://openalex.org/W1791587663","https://openalex.org/W1846410418","https://openalex.org/W1968344545","https://openalex.org/W1968755157","https://openalex.org/W1982210139","https://openalex.org/W1988735299","https://openalex.org/W2004400415","https://openalex.org/W2033943395","https://openalex.org/W2034773690","https://openalex.org/W2037577792","https://openalex.org/W2038197776","https://openalex.org/W2065502371","https://openalex.org/W2068643384","https://openalex.org/W2070640064","https://openalex.org/W2082581342","https://openalex.org/W2088135512","https://openalex.org/W2089666999","https://openalex.org/W2100379340","https://openalex.org/W2101213485","https://openalex.org/W2104884828","https://openalex.org/W2105846236","https://openalex.org/W2118904325","https://openalex.org/W2136146338","https://openalex.org/W2140938420","https://openalex.org/W2142598370","https://openalex.org/W2145334291","https://openalex.org/W2147846455","https://openalex.org/W2166982098","https://openalex.org/W2169737976","https://openalex.org/W2206032263","https://openalex.org/W2233854975","https://openalex.org/W2475463729","https://openalex.org/W2558968121","https://openalex.org/W2571337825","https://openalex.org/W2621438880","https://openalex.org/W2789092433","https://openalex.org/W2796276470","https://openalex.org/W2807783427","https://openalex.org/W2810785358","https://openalex.org/W2905811773","https://openalex.org/W2910814616","https://openalex.org/W2912119521","https://openalex.org/W2968846733","https://openalex.org/W2976869736","https://openalex.org/W2995228508","https://openalex.org/W3006739978","https://openalex.org/W3015159785","https://openalex.org/W3024192468","https://openalex.org/W3120639414","https://openalex.org/W3127290767","https://openalex.org/W3128415798","https://openalex.org/W3154583655","https://openalex.org/W3189151025","https://openalex.org/W3193792355","https://openalex.org/W3197683527","https://openalex.org/W3206624945","https://openalex.org/W3214662979","https://openalex.org/W4200057733","https://openalex.org/W4226015374","https://openalex.org/W4235678817","https://openalex.org/W4237826058","https://openalex.org/W4256123490","https://openalex.org/W4285314724","https://openalex.org/W4294300436","https://openalex.org/W4311039779","https://openalex.org/W4321103594","https://openalex.org/W4327606487","https://openalex.org/W4367052130","https://openalex.org/W4377115674","https://openalex.org/W4381432680","https://openalex.org/W4386376613","https://openalex.org/W4387021757","https://openalex.org/W4387261587","https://openalex.org/W4387319165","https://openalex.org/W4388498648","https://openalex.org/W4390599309","https://openalex.org/W4390665924","https://openalex.org/W4390697420","https://openalex.org/W4390863670","https://openalex.org/W4391487083","https://openalex.org/W4394685453","https://openalex.org/W4399900893","https://openalex.org/W4400047221","https://openalex.org/W4400406191","https://openalex.org/W4403472867","https://openalex.org/W4404203587","https://openalex.org/W4405109273","https://openalex.org/W4405261944","https://openalex.org/W4406253042","https://openalex.org/W4406850123","https://openalex.org/W4406985958","https://openalex.org/W4407813769","https://openalex.org/W4410977831"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"gesture":[1],"interaction":[2,43,170],"is":[3],"widely":[4],"recognized":[5],"as":[6],"an":[7],"effective":[8],"means":[9],"of":[10,41,72,83,100,124,136],"enhancing":[11],"immersion":[12],"and":[13,61,77,85,102,122,155,164,172,179],"interactivity":[14],"in":[15,32,47,105,183],"virtual":[16],"reality":[17],"(VR),":[18],"limited":[19],"attention":[20],"has":[21],"been":[22],"paid":[23],"to":[24,68,149],"the":[25,70,120,128,134],"psychological":[26],"mechanisms":[27],"shaping":[28],"users\u2019":[29],"usage":[30,45,109,151,181],"intention":[31,46,182],"educational":[33,49,185],"contexts.":[34],"This":[35],"study":[36,161],"examines":[37],"how":[38,168],"learners\u2019":[39],"perceptions":[40,94],"gesture-based":[42,169],"influence":[44],"VR-supported":[48],"environments.":[50],"A":[51],"participatory":[52],"scenario":[53],"experiment":[54],"was":[55,66],"conducted":[56],"with":[57],"235":[58],"university":[59],"students,":[60],"a":[62,115],"structural":[63],"equation":[64],"model":[65],"developed":[67],"examine":[69],"effects":[71,97],"perceived":[73,75,78,81,86],"control,":[74],"responsiveness,":[76],"communication":[79],"on":[80,98],"ease":[82,99],"use":[84,101],"usefulness.":[87],"The":[88],"results":[89],"indicate":[90],"that":[91],"these":[92,137],"interaction-related":[93],"exert":[95],"differentiated":[96],"usefulness,":[103],"which":[104],"turn":[106],"significantly":[107],"predict":[108],"intention.":[110],"Moreover,":[111],"digital":[112],"literacy":[113],"plays":[114],"moderating":[116],"role,":[117],"altering":[118],"both":[119],"strength":[121],"direction":[123],"several":[125],"relationships":[126],"within":[127],"interaction\u2013evaluation":[129],"process.":[130],"To":[131],"further":[132],"assess":[133],"robustness":[135],"findings,":[138],"fuzzy-set":[139],"qualitative":[140],"comparative":[141],"analysis":[142],"(fsQCA)":[143],"identifies":[144],"multiple":[145],"sufficient":[146],"configurations":[147],"leading":[148],"high":[150],"intention,":[152],"revealing":[153],"asymmetric":[154],"conjunctural":[156],"causal":[157],"patterns.":[158],"Overall,":[159],"this":[160],"provides":[162],"empirical":[163],"methodological":[165],"insights":[166],"into":[167],"characteristics":[171],"learner":[173],"attributes":[174],"jointly":[175],"shape":[176],"user":[177],"experience":[178],"sustained":[180],"VR-based":[184],"systems.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-02-25T00:00:00"}
