{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131164025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667074","title":"ARGfore: A Multivariate Framework for Forecasting Antibiotic Resistance Gene Abundances Using Time-Series Metagenomic Datasets","display_name":"ARGfore: A Multivariate Framework for Forecasting Antibiotic Resistance Gene Abundances Using Time-Series Metagenomic Datasets","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131164025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667074"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3667074","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667074","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080551816","display_name":"Joung Min Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2090-3330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joung Min Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2090-3330","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113235938","display_name":"Monjura Afrin Rumi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monjura Afrin Rumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7353-8058","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103104030","display_name":"Connor L. Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2809-040X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Connor L. Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075592885","display_name":"Peter J. Vikesland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-5132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter J. Vikesland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-5132","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123924464","display_name":"Amy Pruden","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amy Pruden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3191-6244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034287651","display_name":"L. Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liqing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4660-9199","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"apc_paid":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11655587,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"34692","last_page":"34704"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":0.3538999855518341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":0.3538999855518341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10147","display_name":"Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria","score":0.14319999516010284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1313","display_name":"Molecular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":0.07970000058412552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metagenomics","display_name":"Metagenomics","score":0.892300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6068999767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-statistics","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","score":0.5777000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-resistance","display_name":"Antibiotic resistance","score":0.4162999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abundance","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance","display_name":"Resistance (ecology)","score":0.32580000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15151743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903778","display_name":"Metagenomics","level":3,"score":0.892300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6068999767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.5777000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5525000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.522599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94665300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391344","display_name":"Antibiotic resistance","level":3,"score":0.4162999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40130001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.33169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57473165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315604","display_name":"Resistance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.32580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103316784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3634109","display_name":"Microbial genetics","level":3,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3133000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.28619998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105565629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1248292","display_name":"Gene prediction","level":4,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51679486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380546","display_name":"DNA sequencing","level":3,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3667074","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:83e1a267c48540a78ebf9d1cb407cce4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/83e1a267c48540a78ebf9d1cb407cce4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 34692-34704 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3667074","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3667074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5769115090370178,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2315278455","display_name":"NRT-HDR: Convergence at the Interfaces of Policy, Data Science, Environmental Science and Engineering to Combat the Spread of Antibiotic Resistance","funder_award_id":"2125798","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3193252909","display_name":"Community Reservoirs of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-producing and Multi-Drug Resistant Enterobacterales","funder_award_id":"1r01ai179686-01a1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7828154116","display_name":"Frameworks: Developing CyberInfrastructure for Waterborne Antibiotic Resistance Risk Surveillance (CI4-WARS)","funder_award_id":"2004751","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7959702124","display_name":"Collaborative Research: TRTech-PGR Developing computational tools for single-cell genomic data analysis and annotation across diverse plant species.","funder_award_id":"2344169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8262617916","display_name":"Collaborative Research: URoL:ASC: Using the Rules of Antibiotic Resistance Development to Inform Wastewater Mitigation Strategies","funder_award_id":"2319522","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988925586","https://openalex.org/W2045204781","https://openalex.org/W2058815839","https://openalex.org/W2121997159","https://openalex.org/W2126632426","https://openalex.org/W2170747616","https://openalex.org/W2200613820","https://openalex.org/W2419548415","https://openalex.org/W2775056555","https://openalex.org/W2789843538","https://openalex.org/W2797794199","https://openalex.org/W2802772536","https://openalex.org/W2804424607","https://openalex.org/W2906779965","https://openalex.org/W2951274106","https://openalex.org/W2951912016","https://openalex.org/W2952297304","https://openalex.org/W2964696375","https://openalex.org/W2972757552","https://openalex.org/W2982531601","https://openalex.org/W2983228455","https://openalex.org/W2997591727","https://openalex.org/W3024775153","https://openalex.org/W3088918181","https://openalex.org/W3120395985","https://openalex.org/W3161486810","https://openalex.org/W3168259256","https://openalex.org/W3190614707","https://openalex.org/W3205902290","https://openalex.org/W3206158172","https://openalex.org/W3209152735","https://openalex.org/W4206677002","https://openalex.org/W4220967988","https://openalex.org/W4281660894","https://openalex.org/W4303696386","https://openalex.org/W4306319588","https://openalex.org/W4322742730","https://openalex.org/W4323347911","https://openalex.org/W4323349661","https://openalex.org/W4376278869","https://openalex.org/W4380249455","https://openalex.org/W4380899088","https://openalex.org/W4382239356","https://openalex.org/W4383273076","https://openalex.org/W4384911899","https://openalex.org/W4388793518","https://openalex.org/W4392883816","https://openalex.org/W4396637330","https://openalex.org/W4399139567","https://openalex.org/W4399242768","https://openalex.org/W4399322879","https://openalex.org/W4399653770","https://openalex.org/W4402557213","https://openalex.org/W4406242907","https://openalex.org/W4406838415","https://openalex.org/W4406899098","https://openalex.org/W4407386781","https://openalex.org/W4407587633","https://openalex.org/W4407895503","https://openalex.org/W4408132617","https://openalex.org/W4409158620","https://openalex.org/W4409363714"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,148],"global":[1],"spread":[2,66],"of":[3,46,67,144,151,160],"antibiotic":[4,24],"resistance":[5,25],"presents":[6],"a":[7,33,73,138,142],"significant":[8],"threat":[9],"to":[10,22,97,126],"human,":[11],"animal,":[12],"and":[13,58,65,94,103,115,158],"plant":[14],"health.":[15],"Metagenomic":[16],"sequencing":[17],"is":[18,43,95,166],"increasingly":[19],"being":[20],"utilized":[21],"profile":[23],"genes":[26],"(ARGs)":[27],"in":[28,39,100],"various":[29],"environments,":[30],"but":[31],"presently":[32],"mechanism":[34],"for":[35,77,141],"predicting":[36,78],"future":[37,152],"trends":[38,50,102,153],"ARG":[40,48,79,101,145],"occurrence":[41],"patterns":[42,99],"lacking.":[44],"Capability":[45],"forecasting":[47,75,109],"abundance":[49],"could":[51],"be":[52],"extremely":[53],"valuable":[54],"towards":[55],"informing":[56],"policy":[57],"practice":[59],"aimed":[60],"at":[61,169],"mitigating":[62],"the":[63,118],"evolution":[64],"ARGs.":[68],"Here":[69],"we":[70],"propose":[71],"ARGfore,":[72],"multivariate":[74],"model":[76],"abundances":[80],"from":[81],"time-series":[82,108],"metagenomic":[83],"data.":[84],"ARGfore":[85,105,131,165],"extracts":[86],"features":[87],"that":[88],"capture":[89],"inherent":[90],"relationships":[91],"among":[92],"ARGs":[93],"trained":[96],"recognize":[98],"seasonality.":[104],"outperformed":[106],"standard":[107],"methods,":[110],"such":[111],"as":[112],"N-HiTS,":[113],"LSTM,":[114],"ARIMA,":[116],"exhibiting":[117],"lowest":[119],"mean":[120],"absolute":[121],"percentage":[122],"error":[123],"when":[124],"applied":[125],"different":[127],"wastewater":[128],"datasets.":[129],"Additionally,":[130],"demonstrated":[132],"enhanced":[133],"computational":[134],"efficiency,":[135],"making":[136],"it":[137],"promising":[139],"candidate":[140],"variety":[143],"surveillance":[146],"applications.":[147],"rapid":[149],"prediction":[150],"can":[154],"facilitate":[155],"early":[156],"detection":[157],"deployment":[159],"mitigation":[161],"efforts":[162],"if":[163],"necessary.":[164],"publicly":[167],"available":[168],"https://github.com/joungmin-choi/ARGfore.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2026-02-24T00:00:00"}