{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130321709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3666150","title":"Application of Dynamic Phasor Modeling in Power Systems: A Review","display_name":"Application of Dynamic Phasor Modeling in Power Systems: A Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130321709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3666150"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3666150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3666150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3666150","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104253953","display_name":"Pallavi Ghimire","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7947594","display_name":"University of Maine","ror":"https://ror.org/01adr0w49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802397601","https://openalex.org/I7947594"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pallavi Ghimire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2023-8331","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7947594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113135488","display_name":"Samip Poudel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7947594","display_name":"University of Maine","ror":"https://ror.org/01adr0w49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802397601","https://openalex.org/I7947594"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samip Poudel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1316-9961","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7947594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108131072","display_name":"Mariko Shirazi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141472210","display_name":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","ror":"https://ror.org/01j7nq853","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141472210"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariko Shirazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alaska Center for Energy and Power, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8664-4349","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alaska Center for Energy and Power, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141472210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110423486","display_name":"D.M. Hummels","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7947594","display_name":"University of Maine","ror":"https://ror.org/01adr0w49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802397601","https://openalex.org/I7947594"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald M. Hummels","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8594-0274","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7947594"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044965116","display_name":"Reinaldo Tonkoski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-1085"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reinaldo Tonkoski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Electrical Power Transmission and Distribution, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-1085","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Electrical Power Transmission and Distribution, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":9.8619,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97607041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"28573","last_page":"28594"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.314300000667572,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.314300000667572,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.2655999958515167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.1941000074148178,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phasor","display_name":"Phasor","score":0.7202000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5982000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5715000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-dynamics","display_name":"System dynamics","score":0.45649999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.45570001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.42980000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-storage","display_name":"Energy storage","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.38670000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-demand","display_name":"Dynamic demand","score":0.3601999878883362}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.760200023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176605952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827674","display_name":"Phasor","level":4,"score":0.7202000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5982000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5715000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77405623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598451","display_name":"System dynamics","level":2,"score":0.45649999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.45570001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42980000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.38670000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45872418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318966","display_name":"Dynamic demand","level":3,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.3456000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149808339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319019","display_name":"Dynamic simulation","level":2,"score":0.3246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167343916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888384","display_name":"Modeling and simulation","level":2,"score":0.3057999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40293303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27137","display_name":"Electric power","level":3,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178911571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593143","display_name":"Power electronics","level":3,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110963975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12070446","display_name":"Systems modeling","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780789856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915732","display_name":"Variable renewable energy","level":4,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116219307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7236625","display_name":"Power system simulation","level":4,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.25360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780331096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24965464","display_name":"Energy modeling","level":3,"score":0.2533000111579895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3666150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3666150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4476181befce41f69f7ffdd47d836a83","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4476181befce41f69f7ffdd47d836a83","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 28573-28594 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3666150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3666150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8219541311264038,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1382169793","display_name":"DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF MODELS TO ASSESS DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF CONVERTER-DOMINATED POWER SYSTEMS ACROSS MULTIPLE SPATIOTEMPORAL SCALES","funder_award_id":"DESC0020281","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7091131718","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OIA-2316399","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":91,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987671837","https://openalex.org/W2015604805","https://openalex.org/W2055838975","https://openalex.org/W2094078551","https://openalex.org/W2097599123","https://openalex.org/W2097766276","https://openalex.org/W2100900237","https://openalex.org/W2107651690","https://openalex.org/W2110283274","https://openalex.org/W2110289595","https://openalex.org/W2115178870","https://openalex.org/W2116897659","https://openalex.org/W2123432750","https://openalex.org/W2130070902","https://openalex.org/W2130077382","https://openalex.org/W2166939288","https://openalex.org/W2167630906","https://openalex.org/W2170162886","https://openalex.org/W2170523068","https://openalex.org/W2171932063","https://openalex.org/W2180830783","https://openalex.org/W2314353096","https://openalex.org/W2340816887","https://openalex.org/W2529064259","https://openalex.org/W2566651632","https://openalex.org/W2592690021","https://openalex.org/W2614870678","https://openalex.org/W2742488989","https://openalex.org/W2745149054","https://openalex.org/W2766841814","https://openalex.org/W2783484449","https://openalex.org/W2786090480","https://openalex.org/W2802995072","https://openalex.org/W2901061878","https://openalex.org/W2904926849","https://openalex.org/W2914266160","https://openalex.org/W2971868780","https://openalex.org/W2989278207","https://openalex.org/W3008498814","https://openalex.org/W3010686530","https://openalex.org/W3014459824","https://openalex.org/W3048465714","https://openalex.org/W3048512071","https://openalex.org/W3056468031","https://openalex.org/W3083473060","https://openalex.org/W3088862700","https://openalex.org/W3106497856","https://openalex.org/W3116880491","https://openalex.org/W3119066888","https://openalex.org/W3126274937","https://openalex.org/W3143995792","https://openalex.org/W3172904528","https://openalex.org/W3172976899","https://openalex.org/W3173517332","https://openalex.org/W3183327212","https://openalex.org/W3201953815","https://openalex.org/W3211635854","https://openalex.org/W3213277606","https://openalex.org/W3217230187","https://openalex.org/W4213091763","https://openalex.org/W4246594763","https://openalex.org/W4255213605","https://openalex.org/W4256056584","https://openalex.org/W4285181647","https://openalex.org/W4288431662","https://openalex.org/W4289532826","https://openalex.org/W4296910051","https://openalex.org/W4306148379","https://openalex.org/W4308216627","https://openalex.org/W4310475733","https://openalex.org/W4310970154","https://openalex.org/W4312747544","https://openalex.org/W4313164802","https://openalex.org/W4323891869","https://openalex.org/W4324290823","https://openalex.org/W4376106610","https://openalex.org/W4376851516","https://openalex.org/W4385300767","https://openalex.org/W4386427022","https://openalex.org/W4387005354","https://openalex.org/W4387934982","https://openalex.org/W4388214855","https://openalex.org/W4389388579","https://openalex.org/W4390075261","https://openalex.org/W4394994363","https://openalex.org/W4396575063","https://openalex.org/W4396783963","https://openalex.org/W4398206812","https://openalex.org/W4399994344","https://openalex.org/W4401604703","https://openalex.org/W4416963843"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"modeling":[1,86,110,157,182],"of":[2,16,23,46,82,98,152,155,179,206,224],"renewable":[3,18],"energy":[4,6,37],"and":[5,59,133,144,161,198,237,249],"storage":[7],"resources":[8,25,78],"is":[9,174],"important":[10],"to":[11,33,66,94,114,138,175,219,245],"ensure":[12],"the":[13,34,80,92,165,168,177,217,221,228],"reliable":[14],"operation":[15],"high":[17],"penetration":[19],"electric":[20],"grids.":[21],"Most":[22],"these":[24],"use":[26],"power":[27,48,100,116,159,207],"electronic":[28],"converters":[29],"(PECs)":[30],"as":[31,191,234],"interfaces":[32],"grid.":[35],"Renewable":[36],"sources":[38],"with":[39,104],"PECs":[40],"have":[41,91],"faster":[42],"dynamics":[43],"than":[44],"those":[45],"traditional":[47],"plants.":[49],"Conventional":[50],"electromagnetic":[51],"Transient":[52],"(EMT)":[53],"models":[54,74,97],"can":[55],"accurately":[56],"model":[57,230],"grid":[58],"PEC":[60],"dynamics,":[61],"but":[62],"are":[63],"computationally":[64],"expensive":[65],"assess":[67,139],"larger":[68],"systems.":[69],"Root":[70],"mean":[71],"square":[72],"(RMS)":[73],"require":[75],"fewer":[76],"computational":[77,106,222],"at":[79],"cost":[81],"accuracy.":[83],"Among":[84],"numerous":[85,115],"techniques,":[87],"Dynamic":[88],"Phasors":[89],"(DP)":[90],"potential":[93],"provide":[95],"accurate":[96],"converter-dominated":[99,162],"systems,":[101],"including":[102,184],"microgrids,":[103],"great":[105],"speed":[107],"gains.":[108],"DP":[109,156,181,229],"has":[111,231],"been":[112,232],"applied":[113],"system":[117,208],"components":[118],"for":[119],"over":[120,167],"a":[121,150,203,235],"decade.":[122],"However,":[123],"this":[124],"contribution":[125],"remains":[126],"scattered":[127],"across":[128],"diverse":[129],"applications,":[130,197],"strategies,":[131],"assumptions,":[132],"extensions,":[134],"making":[135],"it":[136],"difficult":[137],"their":[140,196],"practical":[141],"scope,":[142],"limitations,":[143],"comparative":[145],"benefits.":[146,250],"This":[147,210],"paper":[148,211],"provides":[149],"review":[151],"state-of-the-art":[153],"applications":[154],"in":[158],"systems":[160],"grids":[163],"from":[164,216],"literature":[166,218],"past":[169],"10":[170],"years.":[171],"The":[172,200],"aim":[173],"consolidate":[176],"understanding":[178],"different":[180],"methodologies,":[183],"time-varying":[185],"frequency":[186],"formulations,":[187],"emerging":[188],"variants":[189],"such":[190],"dual":[192],"reference":[193],"dynamic":[194,225],"phasors,":[195],"limitations.":[199],"application":[201],"covers":[202],"wide":[204],"range":[205],"components.":[209],"also":[212],"highlights":[213],"quantitative":[214],"results":[215],"present":[220],"benefits":[223],"phasors.":[226],"Finally,":[227],"identified":[233],"promising":[236],"rapidly":[238],"evolving":[239],"technique":[240],"that":[241],"requires":[242],"further":[243],"research":[244],"enhance":[246],"its":[247],"performance":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2026-02-19T00:00:00"}
