{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130328762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3665966","title":"Bio-Inspired ON Bipolar Cell Circuit With FinFET for Ultra-Low-Power Neuromorphic Vision Systems","display_name":"Bio-Inspired ON Bipolar Cell Circuit With FinFET for Ultra-Low-Power Neuromorphic Vision Systems","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130328762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3665966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3665966","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3665966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3665966","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015810469","display_name":"Md. Turiqul Islam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104338594","display_name":"Inje University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xqwq985","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104338594"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Turiqul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4519-9773","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104338594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119002238","display_name":"Abdey Munaf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104338594","display_name":"Inje University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xqwq985","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104338594"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdey Munaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7643-3270","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104338594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037315749","display_name":"Gaurav Mehra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104338594","display_name":"Inje University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xqwq985","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104338594"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaurav Mehra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104338594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124108651","display_name":"Alaaddin Al-Shidaifat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91633459","display_name":"Middle East University","ror":"https://ror.org/059bgad73","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91633459"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alaaddin Al-Shidaifat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Faculty of Information Technology, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Information Technology, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91633459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090108169","display_name":"S Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104338594","display_name":"Inje University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xqwq985","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104338594"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung Kwon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104338594"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111763356","display_name":"Hanjung Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104338594","display_name":"Inje University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xqwq985","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104338594"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanjung Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5911-4529","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Centre for Nano Manufacturing, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104338594"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19951341,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"34189","last_page":"34201"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.667900025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.667900025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.17499999701976776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.04740000143647194,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.8792999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6535000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5817000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.47519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipolar-junction-transistor","display_name":"Bipolar junction transistor","score":0.4643999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.351500004529953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.8792999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.676800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6535000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5817000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4959000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.47519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23061349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188946","display_name":"Bipolar junction transistor","level":4,"score":0.4643999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.351500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188058453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Discrete circuit","level":4,"score":0.3472999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62907940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1541329","display_name":"Mixed-signal integrated circuit","level":3,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.31139999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780077345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16891888","display_name":"Spice","level":2,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.30399999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4775677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449393","display_name":"Semiconductor device modeling","level":3,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3665966","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3665966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:748f65171314475fa277d9c62cf0e8f4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/748f65171314475fa277d9c62cf0e8f4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 34189-34201 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3665966","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3665966","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9026810526847839,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1829475219","https://openalex.org/W1975813079","https://openalex.org/W2037084455","https://openalex.org/W2049562830","https://openalex.org/W2051769385","https://openalex.org/W2059625290","https://openalex.org/W2064680883","https://openalex.org/W2066053800","https://openalex.org/W2076661751","https://openalex.org/W2082340545","https://openalex.org/W2093740502","https://openalex.org/W2119808983","https://openalex.org/W2127703800","https://openalex.org/W2135135340","https://openalex.org/W2140517867","https://openalex.org/W2141923369","https://openalex.org/W2526988581","https://openalex.org/W2766703264","https://openalex.org/W2802287909","https://openalex.org/W3195257062","https://openalex.org/W4210800249","https://openalex.org/W4210919163","https://openalex.org/W4376603154","https://openalex.org/W4387453650","https://openalex.org/W4388642375","https://openalex.org/W4392251641","https://openalex.org/W4405265550","https://openalex.org/W4407675321","https://openalex.org/W4410492058","https://openalex.org/W4414452480","https://openalex.org/W4415430117","https://openalex.org/W4417031680"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,34,116,121,146,170],"bio-inspired":[4],"ON":[5,48,165],"bipolar":[6,49,166],"cell":[7,167],"analog":[8],"circuit":[9,40,82,114,142,168],"modeled":[10],"after":[11],"the":[12,43,111,127,141,163],"human":[13],"retina":[14],"and":[15,37,58,71,89,120,131],"built":[16],"with":[17],"7nm":[18,80],"FinFET":[19,81],"technology":[20],"for":[21,79,154,176],"low-power":[22],"neuromorphic":[23,171],"vision":[24],"applications.":[25],"The":[26],"proposed":[27],"design":[28],"utilizes":[29],"only":[30,99],"four":[31],"transistors,":[32],"enabling":[33],"highly":[35],"compact":[36],"biologically":[38],"plausible":[39],"that":[41,173],"emulates":[42],"characteristic":[44],"edge-preserving":[45],"response":[46],"of":[47,86,92,136],"cells.":[50],"Extensive":[51],"simulations":[52],"were":[53],"performed":[54,100],"under":[55],"process,":[56],"voltage,":[57],"temperature":[59,66],"variations,":[60],"including":[61],"\u00b130%":[62],"supply":[63],"fluctuation,":[64],"\u00b140%":[65],"change,":[67],"four-corner":[68],"model":[69],"analysis,":[70],"5000-run":[72],"Monte":[73],"Carlo":[74],"evaluation.":[75],"Simulation-level":[76],"layout":[77],"estimation":[78],"indicates":[83],"ultra-low":[84],"area":[85,118],"0.09":[87],"\u03bcm\u00b2":[88],"power":[90,123],"consumption":[91],"5.70":[93],"pW,":[94],"while":[95],"post-layout":[96],"validation":[97],"was":[98],"on":[101,160],"180nm":[102],"CMOS":[103,109],"fabricated":[104],"prototype.":[105],"Compared":[106],"to":[107],"45nm":[108],"implementations,":[110],"suggested":[112,164],"FinFET-based":[113],"achieves":[115],"45%":[117],"reduction":[119],"62%":[122],"reduction.":[124],"Measurements":[125],"confirm":[126],"biological":[128],"signal":[129],"behavior":[130],"functional":[132],"accuracy":[133],"in":[134,145],"spite":[135],"expected":[137],"process-induced":[138],"deviations.":[139],"Additionally,":[140],"is":[143,169],"included":[144],"3x3":[147],"convolutional":[148],"pixel":[149],"array,":[150],"making":[151],"it":[152],"appropriate":[153],"real-time,":[155],"scalable":[156],"visual":[157],"processing.":[158],"Based":[159],"these":[161],"findings,":[162],"front-end":[172],"shows":[174],"promise":[175],"energy-efficient,":[177],"retinal-inspired":[178],"image":[179],"analysis":[180],"systems.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-02-19T00:00:00"}