{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128998625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3664833","title":"PRISMA: Physically-Aware Reasoning and Intelligent Semantic Mining Architecture for IoT Process Discovery Using Deep Learning and Large Language Models","display_name":"PRISMA: Physically-Aware Reasoning and Intelligent Semantic Mining Architecture for IoT Process Discovery Using Deep Learning and Large Language Models","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128998625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3664833"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3664833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3664833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3664833","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5096969438","display_name":"Iman EL KODSSI","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164065","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan II Mohammedia","ror":"https://ror.org/058gnfy87","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164065"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99297268","display_name":"University of Hassan II Casablanca","ror":"https://ror.org/001q4kn48","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iman El Kodssi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics, Computer Science and Application Laboratory, FST Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8625-5437","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics, Computer Science and Application Laboratory, FST Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164065","https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011647444","display_name":"Hanae Sba\u00ef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3474-1080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164065","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan II Mohammedia","ror":"https://ror.org/058gnfy87","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164065"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99297268","display_name":"University of Hassan II Casablanca","ror":"https://ror.org/001q4kn48","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanae Sbai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics, Computer Science and Application Laboratory, FST Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics, Computer Science and Application Laboratory, FST Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164065","https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126081971","display_name":"Nassima Ait Mansour","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164065","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan II Mohammedia","ror":"https://ror.org/058gnfy87","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164065"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99297268","display_name":"University of Hassan II Casablanca","ror":"https://ror.org/001q4kn48","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nassima Ait Mansour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics, Computer Science and Application Laboratory, FST Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics, Computer Science and Application Laboratory, FST Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164065","https://openalex.org/I99297268"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12594413,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"32666","last_page":"32689"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12761","display_name":"Data Stream Mining Techniques","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5174000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream-mining","display_name":"Data stream mining","score":0.4814999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-mining","display_name":"Process mining","score":0.4668999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4668999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4528999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-process-discovery","display_name":"Business process discovery","score":0.4514000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-computing","display_name":"Semantic computing","score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.42570000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-process","display_name":"Business process","score":0.41830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridging","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","score":0.41769999265670776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5174000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5033000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89198739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3079880","display_name":"Data stream mining","level":2,"score":0.4814999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4668999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124670913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2608526","display_name":"Process mining","level":5,"score":0.4668999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4528999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93453677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1017580","display_name":"Business process discovery","level":5,"score":0.4514000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511149849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449051","display_name":"Semantic computing","level":3,"score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42570000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85345410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851587","display_name":"Business process","level":3,"score":0.41830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123606473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907918","display_name":"Complex event processing","level":3,"score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37439998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.3677999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6881194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449091","display_name":"Semantic technology","level":4,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76956256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27610560","display_name":"Process modeling","level":3,"score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.3560999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.35199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3402999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778493491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449072","display_name":"Semantic matching","level":3,"score":0.3384999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.32829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.32589998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107027933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2006448","display_name":"Stream processing","level":2,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90312973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449052","display_name":"Semantic data model","level":2,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120567893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1582085","display_name":"Knowledge extraction","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174998907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357662","display_name":"Work in process","level":2,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207505557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4374012","display_name":"Business process modeling","level":4,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41009113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54871","display_name":"SPARQL","level":4,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3664833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3664833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2728189b8b08461fb0a08f5f8fbabe20","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2728189b8b08461fb0a08f5f8fbabe20","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 14, Pp 32666-32689 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2026.3664833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2026.3664833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internet":[0],"of":[1,8,24],"Things":[2],"(IoT)":[3],"environments":[4],"generate":[5],"large":[6],"volumes":[7],"heterogeneous":[9,94],"sensor":[10,42,80,95],"data":[11],"that":[12,92,116,136,170,187],"remain":[13],"difficult":[14],"to":[15,21,200],"exploit":[16],"for":[17,51,70,192],"process":[18,54,144,195],"mining":[19],"due":[20],"the":[22,38],"absence":[23],"structured":[25,98],"event":[26,99],"logs":[27,100],"with":[28,119],"explicit":[29],"case":[30,109],"identifiers,":[31],"activity":[32,106],"labels,":[33],"and":[34,44,62,108,126,130,140,178,207],"semantic":[35,113,176],"annotations.":[36],"Bridging":[37],"gap":[39],"between":[40],"continuous":[41],"streams":[43,96],"process-level":[45],"representations":[46],"remains":[47],"a":[48,88,112,132],"major":[49],"challenge":[50],"IoT-aware":[52,120,194],"business":[53,75,121],"analysis.":[55],"This":[56],"paper":[57],"introduces":[58],"PRISMA":[59,82,147,171,188],"(Physically-aware":[60],"Reasoning":[61],"Intelligent":[63],"Semantic":[64],"Mining":[65],"Architecture),":[66],"an":[67],"end-to-end":[68,193],"framework":[69],"automatically":[71],"discovering":[72],"physically":[73],"realistic":[74],"processes":[76],"from":[77,160],"raw":[78],"IoT":[79,153],"data.":[81],"integrates":[83],"three":[84,151],"complementary":[85],"components:":[86],"(i)":[87],"neural":[89,127],"transformation":[90],"pipeline":[91],"converts":[93],"into":[97],"through":[101],"adaptive":[102],"parsing,":[103],"temporal":[104],"segmentation,":[105],"recognition,":[107],"identification;":[110],"(ii)":[111],"enrichment":[114],"engine":[115],"augments":[117],"events":[118,158],"semantics":[122],"using":[123],"domain":[124],"ontologies":[125],"language":[128],"models;":[129],"(iii)":[131],"physics-aware":[133],"discovery":[134],"stage":[135],"enforces":[137],"temporal,":[138],"causal,":[139],"resource":[141],"constraints":[142],"during":[143],"model":[145],"construction.":[146],"is":[148],"evaluated":[149],"on":[150],"real-world":[152],"datasets":[154],"comprising":[155],"7.2":[156],"million":[157],"collected":[159],"270":[161],"sensors":[162],"across":[163],"different":[164],"application":[165],"domains.":[166],"Experimental":[167],"results":[168,185],"demonstrate":[169],"achieves":[172],"X%":[173],"completeness,":[174],"Y%":[175],"accuracy,":[177],"Z":[179],"violations,":[180],"outperforming":[181],"state-of-the-art":[182],"baselines.":[183],"These":[184],"show":[186],"provides":[189],"apromisingunified":[190],"approach":[191],"mining,":[196],"withfuture":[197],"work":[198],"needed":[199],"address":[201],"deployment":[202],"challengessuch":[203],"as":[204],"streaming":[205],"scalability":[206],"concept":[208],"drift.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2026-02-17T00:00:00"}