{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117586971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3649629","title":"Survival Forest Models for ICU Mortality Prediction Based on Nutrition and Clinical Factors","display_name":"Survival Forest Models for ICU Mortality Prediction Based on Nutrition and Clinical Factors","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117586971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3649629"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3649629","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3649629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3649629","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121271480","display_name":"Anat Goldstein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52170813","display_name":"Ariel University","ror":"https://ror.org/03nz8qe97","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52170813"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anat Goldstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52170813"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023899502","display_name":"Chen Hajaj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9940-5654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52170813","display_name":"Ariel University","ror":"https://ror.org/03nz8qe97","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52170813"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Hajaj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52170813"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121529752","display_name":"Pierre Singer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800389475","display_name":"Rabin Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01vjtf564","country_code":"IL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800389475","https://openalex.org/I64767286"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Singer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Critical Care Medicine and Institute for Nutrition Research, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Critical Care Medicine and Institute for Nutrition Research, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800389475"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090850066","display_name":"Orit Raphaeli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7465-9674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52170813","display_name":"Ariel University","ror":"https://ror.org/03nz8qe97","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52170813"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orit Raphaeli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52170813"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5121271480"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52170813"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71195341,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"3744","last_page":"3761"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.5430999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.5430999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10867","display_name":"Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders","score":0.05050000175833702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10397","display_name":"Nutrition and Health in Aging","score":0.045099999755620956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6317999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-unit","display_name":"Intensive care unit","score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5030999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.4652000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proportional-hazards-model","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concordance-correlation-coefficient","display_name":"Concordance correlation coefficient","score":0.3896999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survival-analysis","display_name":"Survival analysis","score":0.37950000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6646000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6317999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776376669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5094647","display_name":"Intensive care unit","level":2,"score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5030999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.4652000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781059462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158906","display_name":"Concordance correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.3896999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.38749998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10515644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543310","display_name":"Survival analysis","level":2,"score":0.37950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160798450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4230870","display_name":"Concordance","level":2,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35405484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4967066","display_name":"Brier score","level":2,"score":0.34220001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44315111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1344580","display_name":"Enteral administration","level":3,"score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987404301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care","level":2,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126674687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662573","display_name":"Akaike information criterion","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.3208000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3649629","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3649629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3649629","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3649629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978739526","https://openalex.org/W2005276939","https://openalex.org/W2010563036","https://openalex.org/W2011186625","https://openalex.org/W2019176983","https://openalex.org/W2020898422","https://openalex.org/W2052825782","https://openalex.org/W2081504022","https://openalex.org/W2098290597","https://openalex.org/W2117448326","https://openalex.org/W2140881839","https://openalex.org/W2141866455","https://openalex.org/W2146934995","https://openalex.org/W2157395790","https://openalex.org/W2529996625","https://openalex.org/W2530838946","https://openalex.org/W2547550709","https://openalex.org/W2666259204","https://openalex.org/W2756309195","https://openalex.org/W2789271556","https://openalex.org/W2891120743","https://openalex.org/W2908199995","https://openalex.org/W2911622107","https://openalex.org/W2948202073","https://openalex.org/W2965281946","https://openalex.org/W2978543358","https://openalex.org/W2998962218","https://openalex.org/W3026887917","https://openalex.org/W3175257329","https://openalex.org/W3185730477","https://openalex.org/W3196078883","https://openalex.org/W3201372643","https://openalex.org/W3217195319","https://openalex.org/W4283512922","https://openalex.org/W4309268875","https://openalex.org/W4327703848","https://openalex.org/W4362601168","https://openalex.org/W4389454088","https://openalex.org/W4396990683","https://openalex.org/W4404402641","https://openalex.org/W4406088154","https://openalex.org/W4407425928"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objective:":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2,52,248],"investigates":[3],"the":[4,22,43,155,162,232],"predictive":[5,123],"role":[6],"of":[7,218,225,235],"nutritional":[8,37,66,205,237],"factors":[9],"and":[10,38,77,105,121,143,160,195,206,216,239,275,285],"gastrointestinal":[11,68,207],"dysfunction":[12,69,209,241],"in":[13,190,289],"determining":[14],"mortality":[15,32],"among":[16],"critically":[17],"ill":[18],"patients":[19,57],"admitted":[20,58],"to":[21,30,59,280],"intensive":[23],"care":[24],"unit":[25],"(ICU).":[26],"Our":[27,229],"goal":[28],"is":[29],"enhance":[31],"prediction":[33,197],"by":[34],"incorporating":[35],"detailed":[36],"clinical":[39,82,256,283],"data":[40,54,279],"collected":[41,64],"during":[42],"first":[44],"48":[45],"hours":[46],"following":[47],"ICU":[48,244,290],"admission.":[49],"Methods:":[50],"The":[51,150,173,247],"included":[53,130],"from":[55],"2,942":[56],"Beilinson":[60],"Hospital":[61],"ICU.":[62],"Variables":[63],"comprised":[65],"measures,":[67],"symptoms,":[70],"patient":[71,245,287],"demographics,":[72],"vital":[73],"signs,":[74],"respiratory":[75],"parameters,":[76],"laboratory":[78],"results.":[79],"For":[80,110],"each":[81,111],"variable,":[83],"per-patient":[84],"48-hour":[85],"summary":[86],"statistics":[87],"were":[88,94],"derived.":[89],"Three":[90],"feature":[91,103,112,152,176,187,252],"selection":[92],"strategies":[93],"compared:":[95],"stepwise":[96],"Cox":[97],"proportional":[98],"hazards":[99],"modeling,":[100],"Random":[101,116,174],"Forest":[102,118],"importance,":[104],"Principal":[106],"Component":[107],"Analysis":[108],"(PCA).":[109],"set,":[113],"we":[114],"developed":[115],"Survival":[117],"(RSF)":[119],"models":[120,273],"evaluated":[122],"performance":[124,165,261],"using":[125],"six-fold":[126],"cross-validation.":[127],"Performance":[128],"metrics":[129,168],"Concordance":[131],"Index":[132],"(CI),":[133],"Akaike":[134],"Information":[135],"Criterion":[136],"(AIC),":[137],"time-dependent":[138],"AUC":[139],"at":[140],"10":[141],"days,":[142],"Integrated":[144],"Brier":[145],"Score":[146],"(IBS\u226410":[147],"days).":[148],"Results:":[149],"stepwise-selected":[151],"set":[153,177],"produced":[154],"most":[156],"accurate":[157],"model":[158],"(CI=0.76)":[159],"achieved":[161],"strongest":[163],"overall":[164],"across":[166],"complementary":[167],"(AUC<sub":[169,199],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[170,183,200],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">10d</sub>=0.874,":[171],"IBS\u226410d=0.049).":[172],"Forest\u2013selected":[175],"performed":[178],"closely":[179],"behind":[180],"(CI=0.747;":[181],"AUC<sub":[182],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">10d</sub>=0.872;":[184],"IBS\u226410d=0.050).":[185],"PCA-based":[186],"reduction":[188,266],"resulted":[189],"substantially":[191],"poorer":[192],"discrimination":[193],"(CI=0.73)":[194],"higher":[196],"error":[198],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">10d</sub>=0.715;":[201],"IBS\u226410d=0.068).":[202],"Across":[203],"approaches,":[204],"(GI)":[208],"variables,":[210],"including":[211],"nasogastric":[212],"output,":[213],"feeding":[214],"tolerance,":[215],"timing":[217],"enteral":[219],"nutrition,":[220],"emerged":[221],"as":[222],"important":[223],"predictors":[224],"early":[226,236],"mortality.":[227],"Conclusions:":[228],"findings":[230],"underscore":[231],"critical":[233],"importance":[234],"intervention":[238],"GI":[240],"management":[242],"for":[243],"survival.":[246],"demonstrates":[249],"that":[250],"targeted":[251],"selection,":[253],"which":[254],"incorporates":[255],"insight,":[257],"yields":[258],"superior":[259],"discriminative":[260],"compared":[262],"with":[263],"purely":[264],"data-driven":[265],"methods.":[267],"Future":[268],"research":[269],"should":[270],"validate":[271],"these":[272],"externally":[274],"integrate":[276],"real-time":[277],"monitoring":[278],"further":[281],"refine":[282],"decision-making":[284],"improve":[286],"outcomes":[288],"settings.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-12-30T00:00:00"}