{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416798077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3638949","title":"A One-Dimensional Exact Optimization Framework for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Design","display_name":"A One-Dimensional Exact Optimization Framework for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Design","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416798077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3638949"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3638949","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3638949","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3638949","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114120462","display_name":"Dong Hoo Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4973-6552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141371507","display_name":"Soongsil University","ror":"https://ror.org/017xnm587","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Hoo Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seouil, South Korea","Department of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4973-6552","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seouil, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022931055","display_name":"Seun Guy Min","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8977-7152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141371507","display_name":"Soongsil University","ror":"https://ror.org/017xnm587","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seun Guy Min","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seouil, South Korea","Department of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8977-7152","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seouil, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141371507"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3101286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"204325","last_page":"204336"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9314000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.9314000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10504","display_name":"Sensorless Control of Electric Motors","score":0.03530000150203705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.009399999864399433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stator","display_name":"Stator","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.5695000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5598000288009644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.5436000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5171999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-optimization","display_name":"Bayesian optimization","score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-design-process","display_name":"Engineering design process","score":0.43549999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-optimization","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","score":0.4336000084877014}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7087000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776529397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190312","display_name":"Stator","level":2,"score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.5695000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5598000288009644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.5436000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5171999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778049539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17002908","display_name":"Bayesian optimization","level":2,"score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34972735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920267","display_name":"Engineering design process","level":2,"score":0.43549999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194387892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747770","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","level":2,"score":0.4336000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48262172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16908765","display_name":"Design process","level":3,"score":0.4147000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984967376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6723638","display_name":"Machine design","level":2,"score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.3734999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.3650999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.35280001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186394612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098942","display_name":"Optimal design","level":2,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71376005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845675","display_name":"Synchronous motor","level":2,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8272713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176737","display_name":"Stochastic process","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150077022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3136137","display_name":"Response surface methodology","level":2,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138852830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2292993","display_name":"Design methods","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193254401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2160088","display_name":"Robust optimization","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34559072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2334061","display_name":"Design of experiments","level":2,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.25690001249313354}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3638949","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3638949","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3638949","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3638949","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8084677625","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024-00398166","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335199","funder_display_name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/008nkqk13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335199","display_name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/02zq38y32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001293463","https://openalex.org/W2025920242","https://openalex.org/W2053245980","https://openalex.org/W2112611344","https://openalex.org/W2114502805","https://openalex.org/W2123903698","https://openalex.org/W2160012456","https://openalex.org/W2575604277","https://openalex.org/W2750674909","https://openalex.org/W2762646264","https://openalex.org/W2783562497","https://openalex.org/W2895151730","https://openalex.org/W2898150412","https://openalex.org/W2899952526","https://openalex.org/W2911834065","https://openalex.org/W3010633035","https://openalex.org/W3117308563","https://openalex.org/W3132788519","https://openalex.org/W3133906244","https://openalex.org/W3208489378","https://openalex.org/W4225876525","https://openalex.org/W4285155601","https://openalex.org/W4288032926","https://openalex.org/W4296437775","https://openalex.org/W4312517246","https://openalex.org/W4327661620","https://openalex.org/W4389664941","https://openalex.org/W4391097029","https://openalex.org/W4399939314"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Permanent":[0],"magnet":[1],"synchronous":[2],"machines":[3],"(PMSMs)":[4],"exhibit":[5],"complex":[6],"and":[7,39,72,102,123,141],"non-differentiable":[8],"characteristics":[9],"that":[10,57],"hinder":[11],"the":[12,20,34,85,106,112,130],"application":[13],"of":[14,23,36,93],"derivative-based":[15],"optimization":[16,55,78,119],"methods,":[17],"leading":[18],"to":[19,43],"widespread":[21],"use":[22],"metaheuristic":[24],"algorithms.":[25],"However,":[26],"these":[27],"methods":[28],"face":[29],"critical":[30],"limitations,":[31],"such":[32],"as":[33],"lack":[35],"optimality":[37],"guarantees":[38],"inconsistent":[40],"results":[41,127],"due":[42],"their":[44],"stochastic":[45],"nature.":[46],"This":[47,109],"study":[48],"introduces":[49],"a":[50,76,117],"novel":[51],"one-dimensional":[52],"(1-D)":[53],"exact":[54],"framework":[56,91],"eliminates":[58],"reliance":[59],"on":[60],"metaheuristics.":[61],"A":[62],"minimal":[63],"multilayer":[64],"perceptron":[65],"(MLP)":[66],"training":[67],"phase":[68],"accurately":[69],"predicts":[70],"split":[71],"aspect":[73],"ratios,":[74],"enabling":[75],"structured":[77],"process":[79,115],"where":[80],"air":[81],"gap":[82],"diameter":[83],"becomes":[84],"sole":[86],"design":[87,98,104,114],"variable.":[88],"The":[89,126],"proposed":[90,131],"consists":[92],"two":[94],"sequential":[95],"stages:":[96],"stator":[97],"using":[99],"predicted":[100],"ratios":[101],"rotor":[103],"via":[105],"Levenberg-Marquardt":[107],"method.":[108],"approach":[110],"transforms":[111],"PMSM":[113],"into":[116],"deterministic":[118],"problem,":[120],"guaranteeing":[121],"consistent":[122],"repeatable":[124],"outcomes.":[125],"derived":[128],"from":[129],"method":[132],"are":[133],"validated":[134],"through":[135],"comparison":[136],"with":[137],"finite":[138],"element":[139],"(FE)":[140],"experimental":[142],"results.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"}