{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416649910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3636991","title":"Simultaneous Feeder Routing and Conductor Sizing for System Cost Reduction in Rural Distribution Networks: A Cascade Metaheuristic Approach","display_name":"Simultaneous Feeder Routing and Conductor Sizing for System Cost Reduction in Rural Distribution Networks: A Cascade Metaheuristic Approach","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416649910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3636991"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3636991","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3636991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3636991","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013493124","display_name":"Brandon Cort\u00e9s-Caicedo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-975X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I332011152","display_name":"Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos\u00e9 de Caldas","ror":"https://ror.org/02jsxd428","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I332011152"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brandon Cort\u00e9s-Caicedo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier&#x00ED;a, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos&#x00E9; de Caldas, Bogot&#x00E1;, Colombia","Facultad de Ingenier&#x00ED;a, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos&#x00E9; de Caldas, Carrera 7 No. 40B-53, Bogot&#x00E1; D.C., Colombia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-975X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier&#x00ED;a, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos&#x00E9; de Caldas, Bogot&#x00E1;, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I332011152"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier&#x00ED;a, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos&#x00E9; de Caldas, Carrera 7 No. 40B-53, Bogot&#x00E1; D.C., Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I332011152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091167317","display_name":"Oscar Danilo Montoya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-4925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I332011152","display_name":"Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos\u00e9 de Caldas","ror":"https://ror.org/02jsxd428","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I332011152"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oscar Danilo Montoya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier&#x00ED;a, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos&#x00E9; de Caldas, Bogot&#x00E1;, Colombia","Facultad de Ingenier&#x00ED;a, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos&#x00E9; de Caldas, Carrera 7 No. 40B-53, Bogot&#x00E1; D.C., Colombia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-4925","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier&#x00ED;a, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos&#x00E9; de Caldas, Bogot&#x00E1;, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I332011152"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier&#x00ED;a, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jos&#x00E9; de Caldas, Carrera 7 No. 40B-53, Bogot&#x00E1; D.C., Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I332011152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003816455","display_name":"Luis Fernando Grisales-Nore\u00f1a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1409-9756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799978770","display_name":"X-Fab (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/030bh9196","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799978770"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127437","display_name":"Universidad del Valle","ror":"https://ror.org/034me3y30","country_code":"NI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127437"]}],"countries":["DE","NI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Fernando Grisales-Nore\u00f1a","raw_affiliation_strings":["Grupo de Investigaci&#x00F3;n en Alta Tensi&#x00F3;n&#x2014;GRALTA, Escuela de Ingenier&#x00ED;a El&#x00E9;ctrica y Electr&#x00F3;nica, Facultad de Ingenier&#x00C3;a, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia","Escuela de Ingenier&#x00ED;a El&#x00E9;ctrica y Electr&#x00F3;nica, Grupo de Investigaci&#x00F3;n en Alta Tensi&#x00F3;n&#x2014;GRALTA, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1409-9756","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Grupo de Investigaci&#x00F3;n en Alta Tensi&#x00F3;n&#x2014;GRALTA, Escuela de Ingenier&#x00ED;a El&#x00E9;ctrica y Electr&#x00F3;nica, Facultad de Ingenier&#x00C3;a, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799978770"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Escuela de Ingenier&#x00ED;a El&#x00E9;ctrica y Electr&#x00F3;nica, Grupo de Investigaci&#x00F3;n en Alta Tensi&#x00F3;n&#x2014;GRALTA, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004614202","display_name":"Walter Gil-Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-1197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200183955","display_name":"Technological University of Pereira","ror":"https://ror.org/01d981710","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200183955"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walter Gil-Gonz\u00e1lez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad Tecnol&#x00F3;gica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-1197","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad Tecnol&#x00F3;gica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200183955"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039606419","display_name":"Jes\u00fas C. Hern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9117-1689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125068653","display_name":"IE University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jjdwm75","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125068653"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191420491","display_name":"Universidad de Ja\u00e9n","ror":"https://ror.org/0122p5f64","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jes\u00fas C. Hern\u00e1ndez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Ja&#x00E9;n, Ja&#x00E9;n, Spain","Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Ja&#x00E9;n, Campus Lagunillas s/n, Edificio A3, Ja&#x00E9;n, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9117-1689","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Ja&#x00E9;n, Ja&#x00E9;n, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125068653"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Ja&#x00E9;n, Campus Lagunillas s/n, Edificio A3, Ja&#x00E9;n, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.5326,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73098483,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"201310","last_page":"201334"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9681000113487244,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9681000113487244,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.006500000134110451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sizing","display_name":"Sizing","score":0.7554000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.5541999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascade","display_name":"Cascade","score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.47620001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steiner-tree-problem","display_name":"Steiner tree problem","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conductor","display_name":"Conductor","score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-spanning-tree","display_name":"Minimum spanning tree","score":0.3874000012874603}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.7554000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6955999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6789000034332275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.5541999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34146451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048094","display_name":"Cascade","level":2,"score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.47620001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76220878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1764144","display_name":"Steiner tree problem","level":2,"score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34800285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159395","display_name":"Conductor","level":2,"score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13743678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q240464","display_name":"Minimum spanning tree","level":2,"score":0.3874000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.3734999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115527620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769909","display_name":"Nonlinear programming","level":3,"score":0.3208000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123370116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424540","display_name":"Tabu search","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.301800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.29649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64331007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831672","display_name":"Spanning tree","level":2,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114563136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19725982","display_name":"Network planning and design","level":2,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454688","display_name":"Cost reduction","level":2,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3636991","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3636991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:393f4fb5261c437181f91028cf239fb1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/393f4fb5261c437181f91028cf239fb1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 201310-201334 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3636991","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3636991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,151],"expansion":[1],"of":[2,126,222],"rural":[3,229],"distribution":[4,230],"networks":[5],"faces":[6],"significant":[7],"challenges,":[8],"including":[9],"low":[10],"load":[11,131],"density,":[12,129],"wide":[13],"geographical":[14],"dispersion,":[15],"and":[16,28,31,39,53,75,92,104,130,139,166,191,203,211,220],"inherently":[17],"unbalanced":[18],"three-phase":[19,141],"operation.":[20],"Traditional":[21],"planning":[22,46],"methods":[23],"often":[24],"decouple":[25],"feeder":[26,51],"routing":[27,52],"conductor":[29,55,96],"sizing":[30,56],"rely":[32],"on":[33],"single-phase":[34],"approximations,":[35],"limiting":[36],"both":[37],"realism":[38],"performance.":[40],"This":[41],"paper":[42],"presents":[43],"an":[44,87],"integrated":[45,111],"methodology":[47,152,225],"that":[48],"simultaneously":[49],"addresses":[50],"per-segment":[54],"through":[57],"a":[58,115,135],"mixed-integer":[59],"nonlinear":[60],"programming":[61],"(MINLP)":[62],"model":[63],"formulated":[64],"in":[65],"the":[66,100,148,169,173,217,223],"complex":[67],"domain,":[68],"accurately":[69],"capturing":[70],"voltage":[71],"unbalance,":[72],"thermal":[73],"limits,":[74],"power":[76],"losses.":[77],"A":[78],"cascade":[79],"optimization":[80],"framework":[81],"is":[82,119,153],"introduced,":[83],"which":[84],"first":[85],"determines":[86],"electrically":[88],"feasible":[89],"radial":[90],"topology":[91],"then":[93],"performs":[94],"per-branch":[95],"sizing,":[97],"effectively":[98],"reducing":[99],"discrete":[101],"search":[102],"space":[103],"improving":[105],"numerical":[106],"conditioning":[107],"relative":[108],"to":[109,180,187,195],"fully":[110],"formulations.":[112],"In":[113,163],"addition,":[114],"black-box":[116],"scenario":[117],"generator":[118],"proposed":[120,170,224],"that,":[121],"for":[122,226],"arbitrary":[123],"inputs":[124],"(number":[125],"nodes,":[127],"spatial":[128],"statistics),":[132],"consistently":[133],"produces":[134],"connected":[136],"candidate":[137],"graph":[138],"coherent":[140],"nodal":[142],"demands,":[143],"ensuring":[144],"transparent":[145],"replication":[146],"beyond":[147],"Colombian":[149],"context.":[150],"benchmarked":[154],"against":[155],"minimum":[156],"spanning":[157],"tree":[158],"baselines":[159],"using":[160],"metaheuristic":[161],"algorithms.":[162],"10-,":[164],"30-":[165],"50-node":[167],"systems,":[168],"approach":[171],"reduces":[172],"equivalent":[174],"annual":[175],"cost":[176],"from":[177,184,192],"USD":[178,181,185,188,193,196],"84,010.53":[179],"73,338.90":[182],"(12.7%),":[183],"208,560.84":[186],"183,771.61":[189],"(11.9%)":[190],"249,402.07":[194],"237,497.07":[197],"(4.77%)":[198],"respectively,":[199],"with":[200],"negligible":[201],"dispersion":[202],"computation":[204],"times":[205],"below":[206],"47":[207],"s,":[208],"304":[209],"s":[210],"609":[212],"s.":[213],"These":[214],"results":[215],"confirm":[216],"robustness,":[218],"scalability,":[219],"effectiveness":[221],"realistic":[227],"long-term":[228],"network":[231],"planning.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}
