{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415444000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3624280","title":"Monitoring Hydrogen and Methane Gases in Transformer Oil Using Palladium and Polydimethylsiloxane Coated Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors","display_name":"Monitoring Hydrogen and Methane Gases in Transformer Oil Using Palladium and Polydimethylsiloxane Coated Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415444000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3624280"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3624280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3624280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3624280","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085617161","display_name":"Folad Fawad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60837268","display_name":"King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi","ror":"https://ror.org/0057ax056","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60837268"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Folad Fawad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut&#x2019;s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5129-4719","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut&#x2019;s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60837268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031987537","display_name":"S. Chotigo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60837268","display_name":"King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi","ror":"https://ror.org/0057ax056","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60837268"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Supakit Chotigo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut&#x2019;s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9941-6374","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut&#x2019;s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60837268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066072450","display_name":"Apichai Bhatranand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3468-918X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60837268","display_name":"King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi","ror":"https://ror.org/0057ax056","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60837268"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Apichai Bhatranand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut&#x2019;s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3468-918X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut&#x2019;s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60837268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043558721","display_name":"Sarayut Yongprapat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4182-6952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60837268","display_name":"King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi","ror":"https://ror.org/0057ax056","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60837268"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarayut Yongprapat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Research and Engineering Center, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI), King Mongkut&#x2019;s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand","Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI), Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Research and Engineering Center, King Mongkut&#x2019;s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Research and Engineering Center, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI), King Mongkut&#x2019;s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60837268"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI), Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Research and Engineering Center, King Mongkut&#x2019;s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60837268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026408273","display_name":"S. Anantathanasarn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130090","display_name":"Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Rajabhat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g8brk88","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130090"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanguan Anantathanasarn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Furukawa FITEL (Thailand) Company Ltd., Phranakorn Sri Ayutthaya, Thailand","Furukawa FITEL (Thailand) Co., Ltd, Phranakorn Sri Ayutthaya, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Furukawa FITEL (Thailand) Company Ltd., Phranakorn Sri Ayutthaya, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130090"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Furukawa FITEL (Thailand) Co., Ltd, Phranakorn Sri Ayutthaya, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130090"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032655455","display_name":"Rattanaporn Suksomboon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130090","display_name":"Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Rajabhat University","ror":"https://ror.org/02g8brk88","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130090"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rattanaporn Suksomboon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Furukawa FITEL (Thailand) Company Ltd., Phranakorn Sri Ayutthaya, Thailand","Furukawa FITEL (Thailand) Co., Ltd, Phranakorn Sri Ayutthaya, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Furukawa FITEL (Thailand) Company Ltd., Phranakorn Sri Ayutthaya, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130090"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Furukawa FITEL (Thailand) Co., Ltd, Phranakorn Sri Ayutthaya, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130090"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.5352,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72026826,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"182846","last_page":"182855"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10511","display_name":"High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-bragg-grating","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polydimethylsiloxane","display_name":"Polydimethylsiloxane","score":0.7544000148773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissolved-gas-analysis","display_name":"Dissolved gas analysis","score":0.6633999943733215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane","display_name":"Methane","score":0.6531000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer-oil","display_name":"Transformer oil","score":0.5461999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palladium","display_name":"Palladium","score":0.5322999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeatability","display_name":"Repeatability","score":0.5149000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen","display_name":"Hydrogen","score":0.46470001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-sensor","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","score":0.42890000343322754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43091971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397391","display_name":"Fiber Bragg grating","level":3,"score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7896999716758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779849746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411955","display_name":"Polydimethylsiloxane","level":2,"score":0.7544000148773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81818771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787515","display_name":"Dissolved gas analysis","level":5,"score":0.6633999943733215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516920438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37129","display_name":"Methane","level":2,"score":0.6531000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901418","display_name":"Transformer oil","level":4,"score":0.5461999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502130503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1089","display_name":"Palladium","level":3,"score":0.5322999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154020017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q520171","display_name":"Repeatability","level":2,"score":0.5149000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.46470001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21651689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397427","display_name":"Fiber optic sensor","level":3,"score":0.42890000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72293138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909741","display_name":"Temperature measurement","level":2,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33390570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188463","display_name":"Spectrometer","level":2,"score":0.399399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3887999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30262120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q613490","display_name":"Hydrogen sensor","level":4,"score":0.38850000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.36660000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.36480000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.34619998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527816","display_name":"Grating","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202799725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272035","display_name":"Accuracy and precision","level":2,"score":0.3082999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.30059999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775846686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643012","display_name":"Condition monitoring","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777772068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1939150","display_name":"Power cable","level":3,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191161701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559265","display_name":"Optical power","level":3,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133770746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856535","display_name":"Current transformer","level":4,"score":0.2671999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126753812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q653294","display_name":"Diffraction grating","level":3,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3624280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3624280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a2344bf4b4d644389f355413b1c1504f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a2344bf4b4d644389f355413b1c1504f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 182846-182855 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3624280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3624280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"presents":[2],"Fiber":[3],"Bragg":[4,49],"Grating":[5],"(FBG)":[6],"sensors":[7,67,85,99,140],"coated":[8],"with":[9,73,79,89,95,128],"palladium":[10],"(Pd)":[11],"and":[12,20,41,76,92,106,137,149,168],"polydimethylsiloxane":[13],"(PDMS)":[14],"for":[15,39,44,157],"detecting":[16],"dissolved":[17,162],"hydrogen":[18],"(H\u2082)":[19],"methane":[21],"(CH\u2084)":[22],"in":[23,171],"transformer":[24,30],"oil,":[25],"key":[26],"indicators":[27],"of":[28,36,70,161],"incipient":[29],"faults.":[31],"Laboratory":[32],"evaluations":[33],"covered":[34],"concentrations":[35],"5\u20132146":[37],"ppm":[38,43],"H\u2082":[40,66],"3\u20131551":[42],"CH\u2084":[45,84],"at":[46],"10\u201390\u00b0C.":[47],"Gas-induced":[48],"wavelength":[50],"shifts":[51],"were":[52,118],"validated":[53],"against":[54],"Dissolved":[55],"Gas":[56],"Analysis":[57],"(DGA)":[58],"using":[59],"the":[60,134],"Transport":[61],"X":[62],"system.":[63],"The":[64],"Pd-coated":[65],"achieved":[68],"sensitivities":[69],"0.000487":[71],"nm/ppm":[72,78,88,94],"97.04%":[74],"accuracy":[75,91,122],"0.000451":[77],"99.953%":[80],"accuracy,":[81],"while":[82],"PDMS-coated":[83,138],"reached":[86],"0.00591":[87],"95.85%":[90],"0.00226":[93],"95.03%":[96],"accuracy.":[97],"All":[98],"exhibited":[100],"strong":[101],"linearity":[102],"(R\u00b2":[103],">":[104],"0.91)":[105],"excellent":[107],"repeatability":[108],"(RSD":[109],"<":[110],"1%":[111],"above":[112],"40":[113],"\u00b0C).":[114],"Temperature":[115],"compensation":[116],"models":[117],"developed":[119],"to":[120],"ensure":[121],"under":[123],"varying":[124],"operational":[125],"conditions.":[126],"Compared":[127],"previously":[129],"reported":[130],"optical":[131],"gas":[132],"sensors,":[133],"proposed":[135],"Pd-":[136],"FBG":[139],"demonstrate":[141],"superior":[142],"sensitivity,":[143],"broad":[144],"detection":[145],"range,":[146],"thermal":[147],"stability,":[148],"cost-effectiveness.":[150],"These":[151],"features":[152],"make":[153],"them":[154],"highly":[155],"promising":[156],"real-time,":[158],"in-situ":[159],"monitoring":[160],"gases,":[163],"enabling":[164],"advanced":[165],"fault":[166],"diagnosis":[167],"condition-based":[169],"maintenance":[170],"power":[172],"transformers.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-24T00:00:00"}
