{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415250745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3622488","title":"Floating Photovoltaic Plants: Exploring the Water-Energy Nexus","display_name":"Floating Photovoltaic Plants: Exploring the Water-Energy Nexus","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415250745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3622488"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3622488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3622488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3622488","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021558735","display_name":"Paulo C\u00e9sar Marques de Carvalho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0115-0807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo C. M. Carvalho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil","Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Caixa Postal 6001, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0115-0807","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Caixa Postal 6001, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042505748","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos de Ara\u00fajo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2649-151X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos De Ara\u00fajo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil","Agricultural Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará Caixa Postal 6001, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2649-151X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará Caixa Postal 6001, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102895765","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Brenno Carneiro de Lima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5895-7356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Brenno Carneiro De Lima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agricultural Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil","Agricultural Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará Caixa Postal 6001, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5895-7356","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agricultural Engineering Department, Federal University of Ceará Caixa Postal 6001, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065477380","display_name":"Tatiane Carolyne Carneiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7457-6836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47327664","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Maranh\u00e3o","ror":"https://ror.org/043fhe951","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47327664"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tatiane Carolyne Carneiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Engineering Course, Federal University of Maranhão, Balsas, Brazil","Environmental Engineering Course, Federal University of Maranhão Highway MA 140, kilometer 04, Balsas, MA, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7457-6836","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Engineering Course, Federal University of Maranhão, Balsas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47327664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Engineering Course, Federal University of Maranhão Highway MA 140, kilometer 04, Balsas, MA, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47327664"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032742755","display_name":"Luis M. Fern\u00e1ndez\u2013Ram\u00edrez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4898-0680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39147953","display_name":"Universidad de C\u00e1diz","ror":"https://ror.org/04mxxkb11","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39147953"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis M. Fern\u00e1ndez-Ram\u00edrez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Algeciras, Research Group in Sustainable and Renewable Electrical Technologies (SURET), University of Cadiz, Algeciras (Cádiz), Spain","Electrical Engineering Department, Research Group in Sustainable and Renewable Electrical Technologies (SURET), University of Cadiz, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Algeciras, Spain Avenue Ramón Puyol, Algeciras (Cádiz), Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4898-0680","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Algeciras, Research Group in Sustainable and Renewable Electrical Technologies (SURET), University of Cadiz, Algeciras (Cádiz), Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39147953"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Research Group in Sustainable and Renewable Electrical Technologies (SURET), University of Cadiz, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Algeciras, Spain Avenue Ramón Puyol, Algeciras (Cádiz), Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39147953"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7752,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71962515,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"180006","last_page":"180023"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12724","display_name":"Water-Energy-Food Nexus Studies","score":0.8948000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12724","display_name":"Water-Energy-Food Nexus Studies","score":0.8948000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nexus","display_name":"Nexus (standard)","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydropower","display_name":"Hydropower","score":0.7495999932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.6761000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaporation","display_name":"Evaporation","score":0.5281999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.4966000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-generation","display_name":"Electricity generation","score":0.45969998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-system","display_name":"Electricity system","score":0.4327999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4318000078201294}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148609458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7021281","display_name":"Nexus (standard)","level":2,"score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40675005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170196","display_name":"Hydropower","level":2,"score":0.7495999932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.6761000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61441594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132814","display_name":"Evaporation","level":2,"score":0.5281999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5224999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.4966000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.45969998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992120494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27137","display_name":"Electricity system","level":4,"score":0.4327999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113360713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7973219","display_name":"Water-energy nexus","level":3,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.35019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71554815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200974","display_name":"Nameplate capacity","level":4,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153823671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049799","display_name":"Water resources","level":2,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160331591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075743","display_name":"Occupancy","level":2,"score":0.27900001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524765639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501619","display_name":"Water resource management","level":1,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454688","display_name":"Cost reduction","level":2,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3622488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3622488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:rodin.uca.es:10498/39325","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10498/39325","pdf_url":"https://rodin.uca.es/bitstream/10498/39325/1/OA_2025_0977.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400506","display_name":"RODIN (Universidad de C\u00e1diz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39147953","host_organization_name":"Universidad de C\u00e1diz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39147953"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access - 2025, Vol. 13 pp. 180006-180023","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5a72b16068664fee92ef12c936d422fe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5a72b16068664fee92ef12c936d422fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 180006-180023 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3622488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3622488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G22113365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"00x0ma614","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","funder_display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3690646728","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"00x0MA614","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","funder_display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325313","display_name":"Universidad de C\u00e1diz","ror":"https://ror.org/04mxxkb11"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329058","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/028c4z094"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,146],"state-of-the-art":[4],"review":[5],"on":[6,74],"floating":[7],"photovoltaic":[8],"(FPV)":[9],"systems":[10,32,52,123],"and":[11,28,54,104,116,131,155],"the":[12,37,71,90,135,143,150,156,167,172,176],"associated":[13,95],"water-energy":[14],"nexus":[15],"(WEN).":[16],"Electricity":[17],"generation,":[18],"installed":[19,124],"power,":[20,46],"yield,":[21],"power":[22],"density":[23],"and,":[24],"when":[25],"available,":[26],"FPV":[27,51,75,93,106,115,140],"ground-mounted":[29],"PV":[30],"(GPV)":[31],"comparison,":[33],"are":[34,62,67,109,134],"analyzed;":[35],"considering":[36],"water":[38,44,59,96,151,173],"resource,":[39],"aspects":[40],"such":[41],"as":[42],"yearly":[43],"saving/installed":[45],"types":[47],"of":[48,58,70,89,145,169],"reservoirs":[49,133],"for":[50,56,83,139,171],"worldwide":[53],"methodologies":[55,82],"estimation":[57],"evaporation":[60,97,157],"reduction":[61,158],"investigated.":[63],"The":[64],"main":[65],"conclusions":[66],"a)":[68],"most":[69,136],"publications":[72],"focus":[73],"scenarios,":[76],"using":[77,119],"simulation":[78],"tools":[79],"and/or":[80],"calculation-based":[81],"preliminary":[84],"parameters":[85],"estimation;":[86],"b)":[87],"half":[88],"studies":[91],"disregard":[92],"plants":[94],"reduction;":[98],"c)":[99],"significant":[100],"differences":[101],"between":[102,149],"measured":[103,120,164],"simulated":[105],"generation":[107],"values":[108],"identified;":[110],"d)":[111],"few":[112],"papers":[113],"compare":[114],"GPV":[117],"efficiency":[118],"data":[121],"from":[122,163],"close":[125],"to":[126],"each":[127],"other;":[128],"e)":[129],"dams":[130],"hydropower":[132],"used":[137],"options":[138],"plants;":[141],"f)":[142],"adoption":[144],"linear":[147],"relationship":[148],"surface":[152],"occupancy":[153],"rate":[154],"can":[159],"introduce":[160],"large":[161],"deviations":[162],"values,":[165],"affecting":[166],"planning":[168],"strategies":[170],"use":[174],"in":[175],"long":[177],"term.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-16T00:00:00"}