{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415124085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3621112","title":"Maqasid: A Hybrid CNN-BiLSTM Framework for Nuanced Thematic Classification of Arabic Poetry","display_name":"Maqasid: A Hybrid CNN-BiLSTM Framework for Nuanced Thematic Classification of Arabic Poetry","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415124085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3621112"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3621112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3621112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3621112","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109756680","display_name":"Reema G. AL-anazi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reema G. Al-Anazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Arabic Language and Literature, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Arabic Language and Literature, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116607481","display_name":"Wadee A. Nashir","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088878","display_name":"Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation","ror":"https://ror.org/005df7g82","country_code":"SA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088878"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wadee A. Nashir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Dhad Experts, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3424-0090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Dhad Experts, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012989030","display_name":"Badriyya B. Al-onazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-4896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Badriyya B. Al-Onazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Language Preparation, Arabic Language Teaching Institute, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-4896","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Language Preparation, Arabic Language Teaching Institute, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058129789","display_name":"Amr Al-Hamad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anoud A. Alhamad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of English Literature, College of Languages, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English Literature, College of Languages, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018170338","display_name":"Asma A. Al-Shargabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6572-2923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156216236","display_name":"Qassim University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wsfe280","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092650","display_name":"Buraydah Colleges","ror":"https://ror.org/00j0krs40","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092650"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asma A. Al-Shargabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6572-2923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156216236","https://openalex.org/I4210092650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.2282,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85693601,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"189421","last_page":"189443"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.974399983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.974399983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thematic-map","display_name":"Thematic map","score":0.7638999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.6121000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poetry","display_name":"Poetry","score":0.5031999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thematic-structure","display_name":"Thematic structure","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.3546999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8238000273704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93692415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502030","display_name":"Thematic map","level":2,"score":0.7638999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.6121000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5956000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.567300021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164913051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q482","display_name":"Poetry","level":2,"score":0.5031999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778109090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781195","display_name":"Thematic structure","level":2,"score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.3546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.3395000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.27630001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.2606000006198883}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3621112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3621112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:458f839aaa5f45d49ed0bf14bfbf97a3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/458f839aaa5f45d49ed0bf14bfbf97a3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 189421-189443 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3621112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3621112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5949597000","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNURSP2025R723","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"computational":[1],"analysis":[2],"of":[3,18,43],"Arabic":[4,44,79,154],"poetry":[5,80],"is":[6,108,121],"hindered":[7],"by":[8],"its":[9],"thematic":[10,33,41,125],"richness,":[11],"overlapping":[12],"meanings,":[13],"and":[14,46,96,116,130,139,147,157],"a":[15,68,77,85,145],"critical":[16],"lack":[17],"multi-label":[19,40,72],"annotated":[20,52],"corpora\u2014rendering":[21],"traditional":[22],"single-label":[23],"approaches":[24],"insufficient.":[25],"This":[26],"study":[27],"presentsMaqasid(Arabic:maq\u0101\u1e63id,":[28],"denoting":[29],"literary":[30,155],"intentions":[31],"or":[32],"purposes),":[34],"the":[35,48,106,114,135],"first":[36,49],"end-to-end":[37],"framework":[38],"for":[39,53,150],"classification":[42],"poetry,":[45],"introduces":[47],"large-scale":[50,78],"corpus":[51],"this":[54],"task.":[55],"Our":[56],"contributions":[57,143],"address":[58],"these":[59],"challenges":[60],"through":[61,94],"three":[62],"main":[63],"components.":[64],"First,":[65],"we":[66,83],"develop":[67],"hierarchically":[69],"structured,":[70],"expert-validated":[71],"taxonomy,":[73],"used":[74],"to":[75,112,123],"annotate":[76,113],"corpus.":[81],"Second,":[82],"propose":[84],"hybrid":[86],"CNN-BiLSTM":[87],"model":[88,107],"that":[89],"processes":[90],"custom-trained":[91],"FastText":[92],"embeddings":[93],"convolutional":[95],"sequential":[97],"layers,":[98],"with":[99],"hyperparameters":[100],"optimized":[101],"via":[102],"Bayesian":[103],"search.":[104],"Third,":[105],"deployed":[109],"at":[110],"scale":[111],"fullDiwancorpus,":[115],"an":[117],"interactive":[118],"web-based":[119],"platform":[120],"developed":[122],"support":[124],"exploration":[126],"across":[127],"genres,":[128],"periods,":[129],"poets.":[131],"Expert-based":[132],"validation":[133],"confirms":[134],"model\u2019s":[136],"high":[137],"accuracy":[138],"interpretive":[140],"reliability.":[141],"These":[142],"provide":[144],"robust":[146],"extensible":[148],"foundation":[149],"data-driven":[151],"research":[152],"in":[153],"studies":[156],"digital":[158],"humanities.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-14T00:00:00"}