{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415034298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3620125","title":"The Autocorrelation Function Denoising Algorithm Based on Convolutional Neural Networks","display_name":"The Autocorrelation Function Denoising Algorithm Based on Convolutional Neural Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415034298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3620125"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3620125","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3620125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3620125","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100457252","display_name":"Xiaojuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0037-1720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174104030","display_name":"Taiyuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/051k00p03","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174104030"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115395","display_name":"Taiyuan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d0fkx94","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shani, China","Department of Physics, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0037-1720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shani, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174104030"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1523-4173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174104030","display_name":"Taiyuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/051k00p03","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174104030"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115395","display_name":"Taiyuan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d0fkx94","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1523-4173","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174104030"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Dalin Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148119","display_name":"Luliang University","ror":"https://ror.org/05495v729","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148119"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dalin Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Lvliang People&#x2019;s Hospital, Lvliang, Shanxi, China","Radiology Department, Lvliang people&#x2019;s hospital, Lvliang, Shanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Lvliang People&#x2019;s Hospital, Lvliang, Shanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148119"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiology Department, Lvliang people&#x2019;s hospital, Lvliang, Shanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325209","display_name":"Jiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6281-6505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115395","display_name":"Taiyuan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d0fkx94","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shani, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shani, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hangming Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115395","display_name":"Taiyuan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d0fkx94","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hangming Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shani, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shani, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103404810","display_name":"Xiaogang Tong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115395","display_name":"Taiyuan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d0fkx94","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaogang Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shani, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shani, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115395"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25929233,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"181233","last_page":"181245"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14225","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Control Systems","score":0.4925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14225","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Control Systems","score":0.4925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13717","display_name":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","score":0.4366999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autocorrelation","display_name":"Autocorrelation","score":0.8197000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.7817999720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6639000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.619700014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5961999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autocorrelation-matrix","display_name":"Autocorrelation matrix","score":0.5695000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autocorrelation-technique","display_name":"Autocorrelation technique","score":0.5594000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.43950000405311584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5297727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786970","display_name":"Autocorrelation","level":2,"score":0.8197000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.7817999720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6639000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.652899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.619700014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6147000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5961999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4033963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786970","display_name":"Autocorrelation matrix","level":3,"score":0.5695000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183223151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826228","display_name":"Autocorrelation technique","level":3,"score":0.5594000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46399998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.43950000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.41620001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.35569998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.32030001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779898584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7820109","display_name":"Reconstruction algorithm","level":3,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2953000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2890999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101453961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7048948","display_name":"Non-local means","level":4,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983327147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Image denoising","level":3,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3620125","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3620125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ac218fe30ead45b7bda035272a92e86c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ac218fe30ead45b7bda035272a92e86c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 181233-181245 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3620125","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3620125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2750549332","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202403021222024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331088","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3599896623","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202203021212325","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331088","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G61583478","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024RC22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327827","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327827","display_name":"Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331088","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"enhance":[1],"the":[2,7,43,53,67],"image":[3,141],"reconstruction":[4,54,65,142],"quality":[5,55],"of":[6,60,82,96],"Nth-order":[8],"linear":[9,11],"(NL)":[10],"algorithm,":[12],"this":[13],"study":[14],"proposes":[15],"a":[16],"convolutional":[17],"neural":[18],"network":[19],"(CNN)-based":[20],"denoising":[21,64],"method":[22],"that":[23],"processes":[24],"noisy":[25,48,122],"electric":[26],"field":[27],"temporal":[28],"autocorrelation":[29,49,135],"functionsg1(\u03c4)":[30],"prior":[31],"to":[32,121,138],"reconstruction.":[33],"The":[34,124],"lightweight":[35],"CNN":[36],"architecture":[37],"effectively":[38],"suppresses":[39],"noise":[40,70,132],"by":[41],"learning":[42,126],"mapping":[44],"between":[45],"noise-free":[46],"and":[47,62,86,98,103,130],"functions,":[50],"significantly":[51],"improving":[52],"when":[56],"using":[57],"noise-corruptedg1(\u03c4)":[58],"data.Evaluation":[59],"before":[61],"after":[63,106],"demonstrates":[66],"network's":[68],"superior":[69],"reduction":[71,133],"capability.":[72],"Simulation":[73],"tests":[74],"reveal":[75],"denoised":[76],"root":[77],"mean":[78],"square":[79],"errors":[80],"(RMSE)":[81],"0.169,":[83],"0.105,":[84],"0.195,":[85],"0.138":[87],"for":[88,100],"four":[89],"distinct":[90],"anomaly":[91],"types.":[92],"Phantom":[93],"experiments":[94],"showCONTRASTvalues":[95],"0.736":[97],"0.844":[99],"quasi-solid":[101],"cross-shaped":[102],"bar-shaped":[104],"anomalies":[105,111],"denoising,":[107],"while":[108],"liquid":[109],"tubular":[110],"with":[112],"varying":[113],"flow":[114],"velocities":[115],"exhibit":[116],"consistently":[117],"higher":[118],"contrast":[119],"compared":[120],"reconstructions.":[123],"deep":[125],"approach":[127],"achieves":[128],"rapid":[129],"substantial":[131],"in":[134],"curves,":[136],"leading":[137],"markedly":[139],"improved":[140],"quality.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
