{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414603475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3615674","title":"PTP Over Wide Area Networks With Offset Measurement Outlier Filtering","display_name":"PTP Over Wide Area Networks With Offset Measurement Outlier Filtering","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414603475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3615674"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3615674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3615674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3615674","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101769986","display_name":"V\u00edctor V\u00e1zquez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7608-0153"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V\u00edctor V\u00e1zquez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Automation and Robotics, CITIC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7608-0153","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Automation and Robotics, CITIC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005271712","display_name":"Carlos Meg\u00edas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0392-5220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Meg\u00edas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Automation and Robotics, CITIC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0392-5220","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Automation and Robotics, CITIC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103278675","display_name":"Carmen V\u00e9lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6741-7180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801154806","display_name":"Royal Institute and Observatory of the Spanish Navy","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjqsg18","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801154806"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carmen V\u00e9lez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Time Department, Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada, San Fernando, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Time Department, Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada, San Fernando, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801154806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053749814","display_name":"H. Esteban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7929-1477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801154806","display_name":"Royal Institute and Observatory of the Spanish Navy","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjqsg18","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801154806"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H\u00e9ctor Esteban","raw_affiliation_strings":["Time Department, Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada, San Fernando, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Time Department, Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada, San Fernando, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801154806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068832875","display_name":"Javier D\u00edaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1849-8068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javier D\u00edaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Automation and Robotics, CITIC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1849-8068","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Automation and Robotics, CITIC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101663021","display_name":"Eduardo Ros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6613-5256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo Ros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Automation and Robotics, CITIC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6613-5256","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Automation and Robotics, CITIC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22625903,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"170410","last_page":"170423"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9706000089645386,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9664000272750854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-time-protocol","display_name":"Network Time Protocol","score":0.7735000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.6786999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metrology","display_name":"Metrology","score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-uncertainty","display_name":"Measurement uncertainty","score":0.5023000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-transfer","display_name":"Time transfer","score":0.47929999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utc-offset","display_name":"UTC offset","score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.35499998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7878000140190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178148046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217491","display_name":"Network Time Protocol","level":3,"score":0.7735000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6786999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195766429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q394","display_name":"Metrology","level":2,"score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.571399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137209882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1403517","display_name":"Measurement uncertainty","level":2,"score":0.5023000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127568405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7805271","display_name":"Time transfer","level":3,"score":0.47929999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185588997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187110","display_name":"UTC offset","level":3,"score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35341882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8795","display_name":"Internet Protocol","level":3,"score":0.33320000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19619285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196372","display_name":"Observational error","level":2,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129891060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513059","display_name":"Clock synchronization","level":4,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54108766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391064","display_name":"Packet loss","level":3,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113508815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193446","display_name":"Packet switching","level":3,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202799725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272035","display_name":"Accuracy and precision","level":2,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195816","display_name":"Transfer (computing)","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37649242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932268","display_name":"System of measurement","level":2,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137471899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11381","display_name":"Local area network","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Time synchronization","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2517000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21434264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247320","display_name":"Processing delay","level":4,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3615674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3615674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digibug.ugr.es:10481/107101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10481/107101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400567","display_name":"Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Granada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"VoR"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digibug.ugr.es:10481/107658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10481/107658","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400567","display_name":"Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","host_organization_name":"Universidad de Granada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"VoR"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2c22969e81294c96a73738dbc3e97245","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2c22969e81294c96a73738dbc3e97245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 170410-170423 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3615674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3615674","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5823199703","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FPU20/01857","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6364296356","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PCI2021-121967","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7238795910","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TED2021-131466B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7512372937","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FPU20/05842","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8273911494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2021-123930OB-C22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G950276401","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101007273-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1931061998","https://openalex.org/W1967718128","https://openalex.org/W2004370467","https://openalex.org/W2019364733","https://openalex.org/W2022212952","https://openalex.org/W2041706999","https://openalex.org/W2048430744","https://openalex.org/W2057475323","https://openalex.org/W2065860605","https://openalex.org/W2078813632","https://openalex.org/W2120397366","https://openalex.org/W2137406313","https://openalex.org/W2165476593","https://openalex.org/W2210573144","https://openalex.org/W2343224253","https://openalex.org/W2879860949","https://openalex.org/W2950089288","https://openalex.org/W2955726047","https://openalex.org/W3091873932","https://openalex.org/W3124762549","https://openalex.org/W3125128518","https://openalex.org/W4249875616","https://openalex.org/W4313591420","https://openalex.org/W4381332204","https://openalex.org/W4391092657","https://openalex.org/W4391467950","https://openalex.org/W4402626624"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"IEEE":[1],"1588":[2],"Precision":[3],"Time":[4,76],"Protocol":[5,77],"(PTP)":[6],"is":[7,31],"capable":[8],"of":[9,97,148,158],"achieving":[10],"nanosecond-level":[11],"accuracy":[12],"over":[13,179,188],"standard":[14],"Ethernet,":[15],"making":[16],"it":[17,120],"widely":[18],"used":[19,61],"in":[20,39,46,113,175],"industrial":[21],"and":[22,36,60,118,186],"scientific":[23],"facilities.":[24],"However,":[25],"its":[26,44],"time":[27,65,177],"offset":[28,87,103],"measurement":[29,88,157],"process":[30],"highly":[32],"sensitive":[33],"to":[34,101,143],"asymmetries":[35],"dynamic":[37],"variation":[38],"the":[40,73,94,98,151,180],"packet":[41,107],"delays,":[42],"hindering":[43],"applicability":[45],"wide-area":[47],"use":[48],"cases.":[49],"In":[50],"this":[51,80],"paper,":[52],"we":[53,82],"demonstrate":[54],"that":[55,168],"PTP":[56,116,184],"can":[57],"be":[58],"enhanced":[59],"for":[62],"Internet":[63],"point-to-point":[64],"transfer":[66],"with":[67,138,162],"equal":[68],"or":[69],"better":[70],"performance":[71,161],"than":[72,131,145],"traditional":[74],"Network":[75],"(NTP).":[78],"For":[79],"purpose,":[81],"propose":[83],"a":[84,122,146,172],"technique":[85],"called":[86],"outlier":[89],"filtering":[90],"(OMOF),":[91],"which":[92],"leverages":[93],"short-term":[95],"stability":[96],"local":[99],"clock":[100],"discard":[102],"measurements":[104],"affected":[105],"by":[106],"delay":[108],"variation.":[109],"We":[110],"implemented":[111],"OMOF":[112],"an":[114],"open-source":[115,183],"client":[117],"validated":[119],"on":[121],"production":[123],"network":[124],"connection":[125],"between":[126],"two":[127],"sites":[128,135],"located":[129],"more":[130],"300km":[132],"apart.":[133],"Both":[134],"were":[136],"fitted":[137],"high-performance":[139],"reference":[140],"clocks":[141],"synchronized":[142],"less":[144],"nanosecond":[147],"error":[149,178],"using":[150],"GNSS-based":[152],"common-view":[153],"technique,":[154],"enabling":[155],"accurate":[156],"our":[159,169],"solution\u2019s":[160],"state-of-the-art":[163],"metrology":[164],"techniques.":[165],"Results":[166],"show":[167],"approach":[170],"achieves":[171],"95%":[173],"improvement":[174],"peak-to-peak":[176],"most":[181],"popular":[182],"implementation":[185],"71%":[187],"NTP":[189],"synchronization.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
