{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414322216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3611650","title":"A Fault-Tolerant Distributed Agent-Based Framework for Active/Reactive Power Optimization Using Sensitivity Gradient Methods in Smart Grids","display_name":"A Fault-Tolerant Distributed Agent-Based Framework for Active/Reactive Power Optimization Using Sensitivity Gradient Methods in Smart Grids","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414322216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3611650"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3611650","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3611650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3611650","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ali Karimi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110525433","display_name":"Islamic Azad University, Tehran","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzn7k21","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I261916979","display_name":"Islamic Azad University of Majlesi","ror":"https://ror.org/00jd71216","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I261916979"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Karimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, NM.C, Islamic Azad University, Noorabad Mamasani, Iran","Department of Electrical, School of Engineering, Mamasani Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mamasani, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, NM.C, Islamic Azad University, Noorabad Mamasani, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110525433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, School of Engineering, Mamasani Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mamasani, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I261916979"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007503075","display_name":"Ali Reza Abbasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7266-0540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161235","display_name":"Fasa University of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05bh0zx16","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161235"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4400600978","display_name":"Fasa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a77cf20","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4400600978"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Reza Abbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical, Faculty of Engineering, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7266-0540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical, Faculty of Engineering, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161235","https://openalex.org/I4400600978"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.8506,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86557048,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"166273","last_page":"166288"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9656000137329102,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.7736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.7159000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6273999810218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.5568000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.4875999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4413999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-generation-control","display_name":"Automatic Generation Control","score":0.4284999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ac-power","display_name":"AC power","score":0.4251999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.41260001063346863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.7736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7261000275611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.7159000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6273999810218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5873000025749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.5568000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.4875999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4413999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.4325000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778763806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826572","display_name":"Automatic Generation Control","level":4,"score":0.4284999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108755667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930258","display_name":"AC power","level":3,"score":0.4251999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.41260001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168292644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10860336","display_name":"Power optimization","level":4,"score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56685638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300474","display_name":"Power control","level":3,"score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205875254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156857","display_name":"Decentralised system","level":3,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3197000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.31859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.3138999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164660894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037833","display_name":"Piecewise","level":2,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3611650","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3611650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:845773f5598b44179e17c9339afcc8c5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/845773f5598b44179e17c9339afcc8c5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 166273-166288 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3611650","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3611650","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,29,86,99],"novel":[4],"fault-tolerant":[5],"distributed":[6],"control":[7,31],"framework":[8,48],"for":[9,93,103,159],"integrated":[10],"active/reactive":[11],"power":[12,130],"optimization":[13,76],"in":[14],"microgrids.":[15],"The":[16,47,136],"architecture":[17,89,158],"employs":[18],"Distributed":[19],"Agent":[20],"Controllers":[21],"(DACs)":[22],"equipped":[23],"with":[24,33,72,90],"-sensitivity-based":[25],"gradient":[26],"methods,":[27],"establishing":[28],"dual-module":[30],"structure":[32],"separate":[34],"but":[35],"coordinated":[36,71],"Active":[37],"Power":[38,43],"Control":[39,44],"(APC)":[40],"and":[41,84,114,128,155],"Reactive":[42],"(RPC)":[45],"components.":[46],"introduces":[49],"four":[50],"key":[51],"advances:":[52],"1)":[53,141],"an":[54,66],"intelligent":[55],"priority-based":[56],"load-shedding":[57],"mechanism":[58],"within":[59],"APC":[60],"that":[61],"maintains":[62],"service":[63],"quality,":[64],"2)":[65,149],"adaptive":[67],"generation":[68,115],"dispatch":[69],"scheme":[70],"RPC,":[73],"3)":[74,156],"decentralized":[75],"algorithms":[77],"enabling":[78],"local":[79],"decision-making":[80],"at":[81],"each":[82],"DAC,":[83],"4)":[85],"resilient":[87],"communication":[88,147],"self-healing":[91],"capabilities":[92],"continuous":[94],"operation":[95],"during":[96],"contingencies.":[97],"Implementing":[98],"multi-layer":[100],"real-time":[101],"approach":[102],"load":[104,126],"management,":[105],"the":[106],"system":[107],"dynamically":[108],"evaluates":[109],"consumption":[110],"priorities,":[111],"grid":[112],"conditions,":[113],"constraints.":[116],"Comparative":[117],"simulations":[118],"demonstrate":[119],"superior":[120],"voltage":[121],"stability":[122],"maintenance,":[123],"reduced":[124,145],"unnecessary":[125],"shedding,":[127],"enhanced":[129],"distribution":[131],"efficiency":[132],"versus":[133],"conventional":[134],"methods.":[135],"solution&#x2019;s":[137],"distinctive":[138],"advantages":[139],"include:":[140],"Grid":[142],"resilience":[143],"through":[144],"central":[146],"dependence,":[148],"operational":[150],"adaptability":[151],"across":[152],"diverse":[153],"scenarios,":[154],"scalable":[157],"modern":[160],"microgrid":[161],"applications.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-25T14:43:58.451035","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
