{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414196878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609874","title":"Optimal Sizing and Location of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Considering Carbon Footprint of Construction","display_name":"Optimal Sizing and Location of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Considering Carbon Footprint of Construction","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414196878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609874"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3609874","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609874","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119619821","display_name":"Thanida Moekchanthuek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thanida Moekchanthuek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6426-3380","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068378142","display_name":"Siripat Somchit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-5485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siripat Somchit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-5485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023573896","display_name":"Niphon Kaewdornhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1481-7604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niphon Kaewdornhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1481-7604","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036439921","display_name":"Rongrit Chatthaworn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9258-7141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongrit Chatthaworn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9258-7141","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0704,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79983792,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"161180","last_page":"161193"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9232000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9232000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14156","display_name":"Engineering Applied Research","score":0.91839998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sizing","display_name":"Sizing","score":0.7426999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-footprint","display_name":"Carbon footprint","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","score":0.6743000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-tax","display_name":"Carbon tax","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-vehicle","display_name":"Electric vehicle","score":0.5565999746322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-transport","display_name":"Sustainable transport","score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charging-station","display_name":"Charging station","score":0.42719998955726624}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.7426999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780936489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310667","display_name":"Carbon footprint","level":3,"score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.6743000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778976125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288401","display_name":"Carbon tax","level":3,"score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776422217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13629441","display_name":"Electric vehicle","level":3,"score":0.5565999746322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157181609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364310","display_name":"Sustainable transport","level":3,"score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.4652000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779607880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2140665","display_name":"Charging station","level":4,"score":0.42719998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4251999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83516724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234173","display_name":"Ecological footprint","level":3,"score":0.4228000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83227832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1488967","display_name":"Carbon offset","level":3,"score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.3407999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.3260999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C559116025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131123","display_name":"Air pollution","level":2,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164749845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320389","display_name":"Environmental impact assessment","level":2,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45882903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5042317","display_name":"Fuel efficiency","level":2,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145096142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333450","display_name":"Economic cost","level":2,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115343472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Global warming","level":3,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3609874","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:93686a17ee904bc6921899c09e79cb43","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/93686a17ee904bc6921899c09e79cb43","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 161180-161193 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3609874","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609874","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7532178515","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"M-EE-2023/004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322335","funder_display_name":"Khon Kaen University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322335","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44449266","https://openalex.org/W2067906777","https://openalex.org/W2137340504","https://openalex.org/W2158392724","https://openalex.org/W2888580977","https://openalex.org/W2907401210","https://openalex.org/W2945814567","https://openalex.org/W2948806969","https://openalex.org/W2964249246","https://openalex.org/W2966478148","https://openalex.org/W2989621273","https://openalex.org/W2993255747","https://openalex.org/W2995595179","https://openalex.org/W3004782770","https://openalex.org/W3004802849","https://openalex.org/W3008620518","https://openalex.org/W3009782387","https://openalex.org/W3016760486","https://openalex.org/W3023284339","https://openalex.org/W3111172613","https://openalex.org/W3112413141","https://openalex.org/W3158641223","https://openalex.org/W3159173862","https://openalex.org/W3164660829","https://openalex.org/W3185563625","https://openalex.org/W4206159247","https://openalex.org/W4210773954","https://openalex.org/W4212857572","https://openalex.org/W4292348731","https://openalex.org/W4309648563","https://openalex.org/W4319756896","https://openalex.org/W4392810838","https://openalex.org/W4400009453","https://openalex.org/W4401679122","https://openalex.org/W4402809339","https://openalex.org/W4409662688"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,118,169],"growing":[1],"adoption":[2],"of":[3,29,68,77,83,167,184,202],"Electric":[4,30],"Vehicles":[5],"(EVs)":[6],"in":[7,52,151],"urban":[8,142],"areas":[9],"aims":[10],"to":[11,38,160,179,187,214],"reduce":[12,49,215],"fuel":[13],"costs":[14,124],"and":[15,133,145,153,165,223,226],"Carbon":[16],"dioxide":[17],"(CO\u2082)":[18],"emissions":[19,51,63,86],"from":[20,91,137],"conventional":[21,188],"transportation.":[22],"To":[23,95],"support":[24,224],"this":[25,97,99],"transition,":[26],"the":[27,40,53,61,66,74,81,89,114,123,134,162,200],"expansion":[28,105],"Vehicle":[31],"Charging":[32,127],"Stations":[33],"(EVCSs)":[34],"has":[35],"become":[36],"essential":[37],"meet":[39],"increasing":[41],"charging":[42,147],"demand.":[43],"However,":[44],"although":[45],"EV":[46,78,131,146],"usage":[47],"can":[48],"CO\u2082":[50,62,110,175,195,209],"transportation":[54,93],"sector,":[55],"existing":[56],"planning":[57,213],"approaches":[58],"often":[59],"overlook":[60],"generated":[64],"by":[65,126],"construction":[67],"EVCSs.":[69,168],"This":[70],"omission":[71],"may":[72],"undermine":[73],"environmental":[75,135,204],"benefits":[76],"adoption,":[79],"as":[80,207],"cost":[82,112,177,182],"mitigating":[84],"construction-related":[85,109,174,208],"could":[87],"offset":[88],"savings":[90],"reduced":[92],"emissions.":[94,196],"address":[96],"issue,":[98],"study":[100],"proposes":[101],"a":[102,180],"novel":[103],"EVCS":[104,138,228],"framework":[106],"that":[107,172,190],"integrates":[108],"emission":[111,176],"into":[113,211],"overall":[115],"optimization":[116],"model.":[117],"proposed":[119],"approach":[120],"jointly":[121],"considers":[122],"incurred":[125],"Station":[128],"Owners":[129],"(CSOs),":[130],"users,":[132],"impact":[136],"construction.":[139],"A":[140],"realistic":[141],"road":[143],"network":[144],"behavior":[148],"are":[149],"modeled":[150],"detail,":[152],"Binary":[154],"Differential":[155],"Evolution":[156],"(BDE)":[157],"is":[158],"employed":[159],"determine":[161],"optimal":[163],"sizing":[164],"locations":[166],"results":[170],"demonstrate":[171],"incorporating":[173,203],"leads":[178],"total":[181],"reduction":[183],"2.06%":[185],"compared":[186],"methods":[189],"do":[191],"not":[192],"consider":[193],"such":[194,206],"These":[197],"findings":[198],"emphasize":[199],"importance":[201],"externalities,":[205],"emissions,":[210],"infrastructure":[212],"long-term":[216],"costs,":[217],"mitigate":[218],"potential":[219],"carbon":[220],"tax":[221],"impacts,":[222],"cost-effective":[225],"sustainable":[227],"deployment.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
