{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7081941555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609656","title":"(GRAVITY) Graph-Based Reasoning With Attention and Visual Information Using Transformers for Yielding Answers","display_name":"(GRAVITY) Graph-Based Reasoning With Attention and Visual Information Using Transformers for Yielding Answers","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7081941555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609656"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3609656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609656","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hassan Nazeer Chaudhry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2307-0920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan Nazeer Chaudhry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2307-0920","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Farzana Kulsoom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0382-5724"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173207729","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Taxila","ror":"https://ror.org/03v00ka07","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173207729"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farzana Kulsoom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Telecommunication, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0382-5724","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telecommunication, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173207729"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zahid Ullah Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4038-9477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahid Ullah Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4038-9477","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.584,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96007302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"160411","last_page":"160437"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.6753000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.6753000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13067","display_name":"Geological Modeling and Analysis","score":0.024800000712275505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14311","display_name":"Electrical and Electromagnetic Research","score":0.018300000578165054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.8198999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6416000127792358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.6337000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-reasoning","display_name":"Visual reasoning","score":0.526199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4871000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.34940001368522644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.8198999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8148000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6416000127792358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.6337000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6093000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777508537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936620","display_name":"Visual reasoning","level":2,"score":0.526199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4876999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4871000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3765000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.34940001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.34689998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.3116999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986089797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501338","display_name":"Visual attention","level":3,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.2718000113964081}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3609656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:367cefb1977e43afb3dc6cccbfcbb7df","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/367cefb1977e43afb3dc6cccbfcbb7df","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 13, Pp 160411-160437 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2025.3609656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3609656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5090819597244263,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1501856433","https://openalex.org/W1933349210","https://openalex.org/W2116341502","https://openalex.org/W2142192571","https://openalex.org/W2560730294","https://openalex.org/W2561715562","https://openalex.org/W2745461083","https://openalex.org/W2896902935","https://openalex.org/W2947312908","https://openalex.org/W2962779575","https://openalex.org/W2963020213","https://openalex.org/W2963191264","https://openalex.org/W2963518342","https://openalex.org/W2963656855","https://openalex.org/W2963954913","https://openalex.org/W2964067226","https://openalex.org/W2964199361","https://openalex.org/W2964303913","https://openalex.org/W2964345214","https://openalex.org/W2966683369","https://openalex.org/W2969679616","https://openalex.org/W2979382951","https://openalex.org/W2988326850","https://openalex.org/W3004349648","https://openalex.org/W3031765992","https://openalex.org/W3034336960","https://openalex.org/W3034681945","https://openalex.org/W3035454069","https://openalex.org/W3035497460","https://openalex.org/W3091588028","https://openalex.org/W3092767330","https://openalex.org/W3131825083","https://openalex.org/W3148133403","https://openalex.org/W3167599226","https://openalex.org/W3181159501","https://openalex.org/W3195129957","https://openalex.org/W3195541832","https://openalex.org/W3203354307","https://openalex.org/W3203581965","https://openalex.org/W3206904785","https://openalex.org/W3215381707","https://openalex.org/W4206336297","https://openalex.org/W4226078866","https://openalex.org/W4226397046","https://openalex.org/W4283787343","https://openalex.org/W4290459660","https://openalex.org/W4291900964","https://openalex.org/W4296440242","https://openalex.org/W4311773928","https://openalex.org/W4312263373","https://openalex.org/W4320002812","https://openalex.org/W4380201463","https://openalex.org/W4388181804","https://openalex.org/W4393148430","https://openalex.org/W4395081817"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"introduces":[2],"a":[3,61],"novel":[4],"framework":[5,72],"for":[6],"Visual":[7],"Question":[8],"Answering":[9],"(VQA)":[10],"that":[11],"combines":[12],"Graph":[13],"Attention":[14],"Networks":[15],"(GATs)":[16],"with":[17,52,111],"Transformers":[18],"to":[19,30],"improve":[20],"visual-semantic":[21],"reasoning.":[22],"The":[23,71],"proposed":[24],"method":[25],"constructs":[26],"question-conditioned":[27],"visual":[28,143],"graphs":[29],"capture":[31],"fine-grained":[32],"relationships":[33],"between":[34],"image":[35],"regions,":[36],"enabling":[37],"accurate":[38],"property":[39],"extraction":[40],"such":[41,117],"as":[42,118],"color,":[43],"shape,":[44],"and":[45,68,81,95,120,136,141],"quantity.":[46],"These":[47,122],"structured":[48,140],"representations":[49],"are":[50],"integrated":[51],"natural":[53],"language":[54],"questions":[55],"through":[56],"multi-head":[57],"self-attention":[58],"mechanisms":[59],"within":[60],"Transformer-based":[62],"reasoning":[63],"module,":[64],"enhancing":[65],"contextual":[66],"understanding":[67],"answer":[69],"generation.":[70],"is":[73],"evaluated":[74],"on":[75],"two":[76],"widely-used":[77],"VQA":[78,82,102],"benchmarks:":[79],"GQA":[80],"2.0.":[83],"On":[84,101],"GQA,":[85],"the":[86,92,98,125],"model":[87],"achieves":[88,105],"60.2%":[89],"accuracy":[90,108],"in":[91,97,114,132],"zero-shot":[93],"setting":[94],"63.4%":[96],"few-shot":[99],"setting.":[100],"2.0,":[103],"it":[104],"an":[106],"overall":[107],"of":[109,127],"71.4%,":[110],"strong":[112],"performance":[113],"reasoning-heavy":[115],"categories":[116],"\u201cNumber\u201d":[119],"\u201cColor.\u201d":[121],"results":[123],"demonstrate":[124],"effectiveness":[126],"our":[128],"graph-enhanced":[129],"attention":[130],"mechanism":[131],"improving":[133],"response":[134],"precision":[135],"robustness":[137],"across":[138],"both":[139],"naturalistic":[142],"question":[144],"answering":[145],"tasks.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}